鄂西磷矿矿集区地质及其资源远景分析

鄂西磷矿的分布与产状受神农架背斜和黄陵背斜控制,为荆襄式晚震旦世沉积型磷块岩矿床。受浅海台地台坪亚相,磷块岩、泥(页)岩、白云岩含磷建造和水下隆起古构造等控制。晚震旦世陡山沱期磷矿评价标志为:上震旦统陡山沱阶;浅海台地台坪亚相;磷块岩、泥(页)岩、白云岩含磷建造;成矿地段陡山沱阶厚度一般小于200m,最佳150～50m;水下隆起带;磷块岩矿床一般分布在冰碛砾岩为0m的区域;含磷建造等深线一般小于1000m。评价结果表明,荆襄、宜昌、新华、神农架和保康磷矿区的深部及外围具有较好的资源远景,资源潜力大。     

Distribution and characteristics of marine habitats in a subpolar bay based on hydroacoustics and bed shear stress estimates—Potter Cove,King George Island,Antarctica

Marine habitats worldwide are increasingly pressurized by climate change, especially along the Antarctic Peninsula. Well-studied areas in front of rapidly retreating tidewater glaciers like Potter Cove are representative for similar coastal environments and, therefore, shed light on habitat formation and development on not only a local but also regional scale. The objective of this study was to provide insights into habitat distribution in Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica, and to evaluate the associated environmental processes. Furthermore, an assessment concerning the future development of the habitats is provided. To describe the seafloor habitats in Potter Cove, an acoustic seabed discrimination system (RoxAnn) was used in combination with underwater video images and sediment samples. Due to the absence of wave and current measurements in the study area, bed shear stress estimates served to delineate zones prone to sediment erosion. On the basis of the investigations, two habitat classes were identified in Potter Cove, namely soft-sediment and stone habitats that, besides influences from sediment supply and coastal morphology, are controlled by sediment erosion. A future expansion of the stone habitat is predicted if recent environmental change trends continue. Possible implications for the Potter Cove environment, and other coastal ecosystems under similar pressure, include changes in biomass and species composition.     

Physical and biological controls on the summer chlorophyll bloom to the east of Vietnam

The contributions of physical and biological processes to the chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) bloom to the east of Vietnam in summer are examined. The offshore jet redistributes Chl-a concentration by transporting high Chl-waters from the continental margin to the east of Vietnam. The jet also contributes to high concentrations of nutrients and zooplankton biomass that lead to a dynamic balance between increased nutrients and grazing pressure for phytoplankton growth. As a consequence, the net biological processes reduce the Chl-a concentrations in the broader offshore region, but they also maintain the filaments with higher Chl-a stretching away from the coast due to the reduced grazing pressure.     

基于北京二号影像辅助nDSM的建筑物自动提取

针对建筑物提取方法缺乏泛化性的问题,本文提出了将nDSM、北京二号影像、NDVI、BAI的七通道图像相结合作为数据源的提取方法。采用随机森林、梯度提升机、支持向量机、BP神经网络分类器对建筑物进行提取获取最佳分类器模型,并运用二值化与开闭运算,以建筑物面积与最小外接矩形面积的比值为阈值,对建筑物分别进行最小外接矩形、DP算法拟合,优化建筑物提取结果。试验结果表明,梯度提升机(GBDT)较其他分类模型在不同场景下综合效果较好,F-score精度更高。     

安徽金寨三仙山地区梅山群碎屑岩成分及其对物源区构造属性和地层时代的意义

安徽金寨三仙山地区位于大别山北缘,该地梅山群主要为一套轻微变质的碎屑岩系。砂岩碎屑组分统计表明,砂岩类型主要为岩屑石英砂岩、岩屑石英杂砂岩,石英、长石、岩屑的平均含量为87.21%、1.67%、9.64%,杂基含量为15%,石英几乎全为单晶石英（95.79%）,长石以斜长石为主,岩屑主要为沉积岩屑（75.49%）,其次为变质岩屑（24.51%）。碎屑岩地球化学元素平均含量为：SiO₂（75.99%）,Al₂O₃（11.96%）,MgO（0.72%）,CaO（0.10%）,Fe₂O₃（4.02%）,K₂O（1.70%）,Na₂O（0.26%）。ΣREE=170.49×10^-6（74.49×10^-6～309.42×10^-6）,LREE/HREE=11.16（7.89～14.26）,轻稀土略有富集,δEu=0.72（0.59～0.90）,La/Yb=22.08（13.01～31.18）,（La/Yb）_N=14.89（8.77～21.02）,δCe=0.84（0.42～0.97）。碎屑岩地球化学特征指示三仙山地区梅山群母岩主要为古老沉积岩、长英质火山岩和古老变质基底,具有多重物源区。梅山群构造背景较复杂,主要为被动大陆边缘和活动大陆边缘,其次为大陆岛弧。三仙山地区梅山群碎屑岩的源岩成分、构造背景与商城-固始地区石炭系有很大差别,故其地层时代有待于进一步研究。     

潍北凹陷孔店组二段页岩气资源潜力分析

潍北凹陷是昌潍坳陷的次一级凹陷盆地,也是胜利油田外围常规油气开采区。潍北凹陷孔店组二段发育了较厚的暗色泥页岩,是页岩气形成最有利层段,也是常规油气的生烃母岩。利用昌页参1井数据,结合以往资料,对潍北凹陷孔店组二段岩性特征,有机地球化学特征、矿物组成、泥页岩含气性特征等进行分析研究,认为孔店组二段上亚段下部和中亚段下部具备页岩气资源勘查开发潜力。     

珠Ⅰ坳陷油源对比及恩平组烃源岩的相对贡献

恩平组烃源岩成藏贡献研究对于拓展珠Ⅰ坳陷勘探新领域以及发现新的储量具有重要的应用价值, 目前相关研究较少.在油源对比的基础上, 将生标绝对含量与端元油配比实验相结合, 研究了珠Ⅰ坳陷恩平组烃源岩对单井油样的相对贡献.油源对比结果指示, 研究区原油可分为3类: 第1类源自始新统文昌组中深湖相烃源岩, 主要分布在惠陆低凸起、番禺4洼、流花凸起等地区; 第2类源自始新统-渐新统恩平组湖沼相烃源岩, 仅分布在惠州凹陷北部; 第3类为混源油, 发现于惠州凹陷南部和恩平凹陷.甾萜类绝对含量等7个指标建立的混源比例图版适用于计算油样中前两类烃源岩的相对贡献.计算结果表明, 文昌组烃源岩是珠Ⅰ坳陷的主力烃源岩, 恩平组烃源岩仅对惠州凹陷和恩平凹陷中的部分油样存在贡献.      

Nonlinear interaction between astronomical tides and storm surges at wusong tidal station

There are obvious periodic oscillations in the observations of storm surges in the East China Sea. The storm surges are not only controlled by the wind stresses and isolated long wave caused by typhoons but also affected by the interaction between astronomical tides and storm surges. In the present paper we simulate the interaction between tides and storm surges by using a two dimensional numerical model. In our numerical experiments we use the data of the storm surge induced by Typhoon 8114. The calculations tally with the measured data well. The results indicate that the periodic oscillations occurring in the elevations of the surge are mainly caused by the interaction between the tide and the storm surge. The numerical experiments also indicate that the forecasting precision may be notably improved if the nonlinear interaction between tides and storm surges is taken into account.     

面向Internet的农业气象产量动态预报

针对信息时代Internet网上用户对产量预报动态查询的需求 ,探讨了面向Inter net的农业气象产量预报的解决方案。试验结果表明 ,由于作物生长发育和产量形成是一个光、温、水、土条件长期、综合作用 ,生物量长期累积的过程 ,因此利用积分回归方法 ,考虑全生育期光、温、水气象因子的综合影响 ,根据已出现的天气实况 ,在假定后期天气条件正常的情况下 ,有可能预测出未来产量的趋势。随着天气实况的逐一出现 ,后期的预报结果可望逐步接近实际值。统计检验和试报结果误差均在允许范围内。     

Theoretical analysis and engineering solution of parasitical spectrum in the CINRAD transmitter

To deal with the universal problem of parasitical frequency spectrum in China New Generation Weather Radar transmitter, this paper establishes mathematical models for parasitical signals existing in radar transmitters and analyzes their effects on weather radar performance. Based on an engineering analysis of their possible sources, a step-by-step method to eliminate parasitical spectrum is presented, which is applied to troubleshooting experimental weather radar. Eventually, parasitical spectrum is basically eliminated. As a result, improved spectrum purity and reduced phase noise is achieved. Moreover, accuracy for velocity estimate as well as ground clutter suppression ability of the radar system is enhanced.