新疆谢米斯台地区岩矿光谱特征提取及光谱分析

不同岩石矿物和矿化蚀变具有不同的光谱特征, 这是利用遥感技术进行岩石矿物和蚀变信息识别的基础。本研究在谢米斯台地区进行岩矿样品采集, 利用ASD野外光谱辐射仪采集光谱反射率数据, 通过去噪处理、标准化处理、微分处理和去包络线处理, 开展了典型岩矿样品、风化面与新鲜面样品和不同矿化蚀变的光谱特征提取和光谱分析。研究发现, 岩矿在380~1 100 nm波段的光谱特征, 主要是金属离子产生;在1 100~2 500 nm波段的光谱特征, 主要是阴离子基团中的羟基、碳酸根和水分子产生;矿化蚀变光谱具有可诊断性特征谱带, 是其矿物组成中的各种蚀变矿物特征信息的反映;受到矿物含量改变和外界环境因素的影响, 光谱的整体形态或局部特征都发生变化。岩矿光谱特征的提取和分析, 将提高和改善高光谱技术对不同区域同种类型的矿床勘查。     

Ground-penetrating radar for monitoring the distribution of near-surface soil water content in the Gurbantünggüt Desert

In the Gurbantünggüt Desert, snowmelt-induced high soil water contents briefly create favorable conditions for the germination and growth of plants every spring. Monitoring the rapidly changing conditions in this time period demands fast and efficient methods for measuring soil water contents at the field scale. For this study, a series of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements were carried out on sites characterized by semi-vegetated dunes both in April 2010 and 2011. We compare water contents calculated from the GPR direct ground wave signal to both point scale validation measurements by time-domain reflectometry (TDR) and gravimetric sampling. Our results show that GPR is an effective method to rapidly obtain a detailed image of the field scale soil water content distribution in the Gurbantünggüt Desert with an accuracy similar to TDR. Observed large scale soil water content variations are dominated by dune topography: During snow melting, melt water was found to trickle slowly from the dune ridges to interdune valleys, increasing the soil water content there while the dune ridges quickly started to dry down. In dune valleys, smaller scale near-surface soil water content changes were dominated by variations in the vegetation coverage, leading to snowmelt funnels at distinct locations: The snowmelt initially occurred around the stems and branches of plants, forming funnel-shaped melt water induced holes through the snow cover and leading to an increasing amount of melt water collected around these plant roots. Our comparison of data from 2010 to 2011 furthermore suggests a temporally stable distribution of near-surface soil water content. This has important ecological significance for controlling desertification and for restoring and reconstructing vegetation in the Gurbantünggüt Desert.     

国内外煤炭资源量报告对比研究——以南澳WINTINNA矿区为例

以南澳州WINTINNA煤炭勘查区为实例,选取以我国《固体矿产资源储量分类GB／T17766—1999）标准为勘查标准的《南澳WINTINNA勘查区详查地质报告》和以《澳大利亚矿产资源和矿石储量公布规范（JORC规范）2004）为标准的《WINTINNA煤炭资源量评述报告》作为对照,从报告结构、矿产资源量估算、煤炭资源量结果、资源量变化原因四个方面进行了详尽的对比研究,通过算理与算法对资源量变化原因进行剖析,深入阐述了以JORC标准为主导的国际资源储量估算领域的指导思想和国际通行估算方法,指出了国内外在煤炭资源储量估算领域的不同,对提高我国的资源储量报告在国外市场上的效力、实现国内外主要资源储量标准分类下该类型资源储量报告的快速准确映射和转换具有实际意义。     

Experimental study on supercritical phenomena of WO<Subscript>3</Subscript> solubility in NaCl-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O system

The solubility measurements of WO₃ in NaCl-H₂O system with 4.0% by weight salt were carried out to study the supercritical phenomena of solubility. These experiments were carried out using rapid-quench pressure vessels, with quantitative Na₂WO₄-2H₂O, HCl, NaCl and H₂O in Pt capsule to determine the solubility of WO₃ from supersaturated solution. The pressure was kept at 34 MPa, which was near the critical pressure 31.4 MPa and the temperatures varied from 250°C to 550°C. The experimental results indicate that the solubility of WO₃ has the features of supercritical phenomenon in critical region and is sensitive to the change of system temperature and solvent density. The temperature and pressure in this experiment are close to those of ore-forming fluids in many tungsten deposits, so the features of supercritical geofluids can be helpful to investigating the ore-forming mechanism of tungsten deposit.     

东海宝云亭三井热解录井方法应用研究的探讨

有机地化(热解)录井是一种新的录井方法,在东海的油气勘探工作中已得到较好的应用效果。在试油前能将录井资料进行综合整理与解释,随钻预测钻井中的含油气层段,为油气层位的确定提供依据。     

GPS桥梁高程控制测量

本文提出利用江河海边岸上相邻水准点间的高程异常差进行ＧＰＳ高程拟合,避免了两岸末统一高程系统对拟合参数的影响,经虎门大桥实验验证,在海面宽３ｋｍ多的两岸上获得的高程系统差的精度满足特大型公路桥梁的高程控制要求,这对沿海平坦地区的铁路桥梁跨河水准测量都有参考作用。     

Who is the “murderer” of the bloom in coastal waters of Fujian,China, in 2019?

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - On May 24–29, 2019, a bloom occurring in Pingtan coastal areas of Fujian Province caused mass mortality of cage-cultured fish (Plectorhinchus cinctus and...     

陕西汞矿类型简介兼论金—汞矿床的找矿前景

在综合归纳秦岭泥盆系多金属矿带特征的基础上,将陕西汞矿床划分为三种类型,即层控型、裂隙脉状型和伴生型;分析了金汞元素的矿物和地珠化学相似性,金汞矿床共生成矿特征,认为陕西境内秦岭地区是金—汞找矿的有利地区.