延矾盆地北缘断裂深浅构造关系研究

在已有的地表地质构造、浅层探测与深部探测等资料基础上，利用高精度地震局域网的数字地震记录，分析了延庆矾山次级盆地北缘断裂上的微、小地震活动特征, 及其与地表活断层和深部地壳结构关系. 通过对地震局域网获得的微、小地震的精确位置、震源机制解及其特点的分析，厘定了地表活断层延庆矾山盆地北缘断裂属旋转平面状正断层，揭示了延怀盆地区浅表地质与深部构造的相互关系，以及地壳脆韧性变形随深度的转换特征.      

A preliminary study on the lithospheric thermal-rheological structure of the East Qinling orogenic belt

This paper considers the lithospheric rheological structure of the East Qinling orogenic belt to explore its geodynamics. The lithospheric rheological structure was calculated by the constraints of the lithospheric temperature structure. The thermal-rheological stratification structures of the lithosphere in the East Qinling orogenic belt present different features from each other within different tectonic units. The hinterland fault-bounded fold zone (HLZ) and the North Qinling thick-skinned imbricated thrust zone (NQL) in the northern half part of the Qinling orogen, with a temperature of 305°C for the Moho boundary, are characterized by “cold” geotherm, thickened lithosphere and the model C for rheological stratification structure. The South Qinling tectonic zone (SQL), with a mean temperature of 642°C and a high temperature of 826°C for the Moho boundary, has obvious features with the model H of “hot” geotherm, thinned lithosphere and intensive rheological behavior within moderate-lower crust and top of the upper mantle. During post-orogenesis, the NQL, being the convergent frontal region of continental subduction beneath the Qinling orogen by both the North China craton (NC) and Yangtze craton (YZ), is in a coexistence period of a dominantly thickened lithosphere and an initial delamination, and the SQL, probably under pluming, has been developing new delamination and underplating and partial melting within the crust in its axel area and recycling for mass and energy (in the forms of heat transfer and convection) between the crust and mantle. Translated from Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2005, 35(5): 601–605 [译自: 西北大学学报 (自然科学版)]     

山东省短时极端强降水研究

利用1999—2011年4—10月全省大监自动站逐时降水观测资料,采用排序法、正态变换法(Z指数法)、平方根变换法等3种计算阈值的方法,计算了山东短时极端强降水的阈值,采用不同方法会得出不同的阈值。传统排序法计算的结果更接近实际,最后采用此法计算结果确定山东省及5个分区短时极端强降水阈值。结果显示:鲁东南、鲁中、鲁西北地区阈值大,鲁西南和半岛地区阈值小,特别是鲁西南地区阈值最小。鲁西北、鲁西南、鲁东南、鲁中和半岛南部易出现短时极端强降水,半岛北部短时极端强降水较少。短时极端强降水出现的偶然性大,极端强降水出现次数与年平均降水量没有明确关系。7、8月是防范短时极端强降水的关键时期。     

谁的遗产?——元阳梯田旅游经营者遗产认同比较

为了对"谁的遗产"这一遗产基础问题进行探讨,文章从遗产失调性入手,收集云南元阳梯田多依树村客栈经营主在网络预订平台上的图片、文字以及对他们的访谈,通过话语分析法研究比较了本地与外地旅游经营者话语所表征的身份及其遗产认同差异。研究发现:外地旅游经营者的中产阶级身份认同使其对遗产的展示与传播是多元、小资、跨文化的,他们重视对遗产景观的展示与传播,此时的遗产是"他们的";但从"家"和"地方"尺度看,他们认为遗产地不是"家",他们只是外地人。从"国家"和"世界"尺度看,他们认为遗产是"我们"大家的。相反,本地客栈经营者消极的农民身份认同导致其对遗产景观元素的藏匿甚至抛弃,后续由于旅游利益,部分本地人开始有了遗产景观展示意识。由此看遗产不是农民眼中"我们的"遗产,但从"家"和"地方"尺度看,本地经营者认为遗产是"我们本地人"依恋的家;同时,本地人并无遗产"国家"和"世界"尺度的明显认知。     

Discussion on the Relationship between Different Earthquake Magnitude Scales and the Effect of Seismic Station Sites on Magnitude Estimation

Based on the earthquake catalog reported by the Chinese digital seismic network in recent years, we select the earthquakes with both surface wave magnitude and local magnitude and fit them into a relationship between the two magnitudes. The systematic difference is found from the formula which has been used for 30 years. Because of a large dynamic range and wide frequency range of the current digital observation system, in addition to a larger number of stations and earthquakes being used compared to before, the relation obtained in this paper seems more reliable. Our calculation shows that there is no significant difference before and after magnitude conversion so we suggest the abandonment of magnitude conversion. The site response of a station consists of amplification at different frequencies. The amplification is equal to about 1 and changes little with frequency at stations located on basement rock, and it is greater than 1 at low frequency ranges and less than 1 at high frequency ranges at stations located on sediment layers. The difference between magnitudes from single station located on sediment layer and the average magnitude from the whole network increases from negative to positive with period. It seems that there is no fixed station correction factor and the station correction method does not work to improve the accuracy and magnitude estimates.     

2021年5月21日云南漾濞Ms6.4地震序列发震构造

2021年5月21日云南省大理州漾濞县发生Ms6.4地震.地震序列表现为"前-主-余"型,余震频次较高.为获得此次地震序列的活动特征和震源区潜在的发震构造,本文首先计算2010年以来震源区地震b值随时间的变化.其次对漾濞地震序列进行精定位,并反演地震震源机制解和构造应力场.结果表明:(1)震源区地震b值自2020年12...     

黄骅坳陷歧北斜坡区薄层湖相碳酸盐岩沉积相模式及演化特征

歧北斜坡区沙一下亚段湖相碳酸盐岩储层较薄（多数集中在0.5~8 m）,地震资料难以指导内部小层及滩体划分,沉积相模式、演化规律及主控因素认识不清,采用标志层控制、静-动态资料相互拟合的方法,利用岩心、测井、地球化学、古生物等资料,结合示踪剂、吸水剖面等动态资料对薄层湖相碳酸盐岩储层进行综合研究。研究结果表明：超覆地层对比模式符合研究区薄层湖相碳酸盐岩地层真实发育情况,并识别出5期明显的湖岸线;湖水首先沿着港西断层形成的断槽及中部的斜坡低洼区由东向西主发生湖侵;研究区主要发育滨浅湖亚相,包括生屑滩、混积滩等6种沉积微相,生屑滩面积占60%以上;沉积模式显示出沉积早期,地形坡度大、湖侵范围小、滨浅湖面积也最小,主要沉积沿岸碎屑岩砂坝;沉积中后期,水体越过坡折带,滨浅湖面积不断扩大,并迅速超覆至全区,生屑滩沉积面积达到最大的演化规律。歧北斜坡区湖水咸化、湖相碳酸盐岩广泛沉积的主要原因,是海侵作用致使湖水初步咸化和浅水缓坡台地环境导致混合水蒸发浓缩二次咸化双重作用的结果。强烈的剥蚀和填平补齐导致的近似平台型古地貌特征和古生物的大量繁殖,也是控制北斜坡区沉积相类型及演化的主要因素之一。     

乌什-阿克苏地区新元古代蓝片岩地体构造变形特征

乌什-阿克苏地区位于塔里木克拉通西北缘,发育有世界上为数不多的且保存较为完整的典型前寒武纪蓝片岩地体.根据前人的研究,阿克苏地区的蓝片岩地体在俯冲、折返和折返后的过程中共经历了四个期次的变形,但是对于乌什地区的蓝片岩地体的构造变形特征研究目前仍为空白.本文通过对乌什与阿克苏地区的蓝片岩地体的构造变形特征进行系统的野外观...     

基于VTI各向异性介质的频率域海洋可控源电磁三维约束反演

近年来,海洋可控源电磁法（MCSEM）被引入油气勘探领域以降低勘探风险.在海洋环境中,受沉积因素所造成的电阻率各向异性的影响,地电模型往往会非常复杂.为更好地反映地下电性结构,本文实现了基于VTI各向异性介质的频率域海洋可控源电磁三维反演.其中,正演采用基于Yee氏交错网格的三维有限差分算法,所形成的离散线性系统通过大规模并行矩阵直接求解器（MUMPS）进行求解.反演采用基于不等式约束的有限内存BFGS（L-BFGS）算法.最后,利用VTI各向异性介质合成数据,分别进行了电阻率各向异性覆盖层和电阻率各向异性高阻层的三维反演,结果表明：（1）基于并行直接法的MCSEM非常适用于海洋电磁所特有的多场源问题;（2）针对各向异性覆盖层模型进行三维各向异性约束反演,提高了解的可靠性;（3）针对电阻率各向异性高阻层,Inline和broadside数据覆盖的反演结果对异常体位置有很好的反映.

     

弱垂直风切变环境下强下击暴流双偏振雷达特征

基于S波段双偏振多普勒天气雷达和常规观测资料, 分析发生于2022年6月26日、6月30日和7月2日弱垂直风切变环境下强下击暴流的双偏振特征, 探讨其物理机制。研究表明:3次强下击暴流的对流不稳定能量较强, 但垂直风切变较小。6·30风暴和7·2风暴低层较湿, 中(上)层略干, 6·26风暴除近地层外整层较干。在垂直风切变较弱且0℃层高度较高的环境下, 强下击暴流同时伴有高强度分钟降水量(超过3 mm)是其重要特征之一;强下击暴流产生前, 风暴强度较强且风暴顶较高(超过10 km), 0℃层及以上高度存在超过3.0°·km-1的差分相移率高值区, 表明液态粒子或融化的小冰相粒子浓度较高, 可视为风暴液态粒子质量团的悬垂, 类似于强反射率因子核的悬垂及下降, 诱发强下击暴流并伴有短时高强度降水;由于夹卷层平均风速较小, 该类强下击暴流动量下传机制较弱, 如果空气较湿, 强下击暴流的主要机制为重力拖曳及冰相粒子的融化作用, 如果空气较干, 还应考虑干空气的夹卷蒸发作用。