全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1731篇 |
免费 | 101篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 38篇 |
大气科学 | 125篇 |
地球物理 | 410篇 |
地质学 | 688篇 |
海洋学 | 168篇 |
天文学 | 286篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
自然地理 | 132篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 20篇 |
2020年 | 30篇 |
2019年 | 47篇 |
2018年 | 47篇 |
2017年 | 53篇 |
2016年 | 61篇 |
2015年 | 70篇 |
2014年 | 70篇 |
2013年 | 104篇 |
2012年 | 76篇 |
2011年 | 106篇 |
2010年 | 92篇 |
2009年 | 123篇 |
2008年 | 81篇 |
2007年 | 84篇 |
2006年 | 80篇 |
2005年 | 78篇 |
2004年 | 82篇 |
2003年 | 59篇 |
2002年 | 46篇 |
2001年 | 31篇 |
2000年 | 26篇 |
1999年 | 21篇 |
1998年 | 27篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1969年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有1850条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
The main result of this work is to show that macroseismic intensity decay with distance strongly depends on the epicentral intensity. An attenuation law that takes this parameter into account is proposed for Metropolitan France, from the analysis of SISFRANCE macroseismic database. Such a model significantly reduces the difference between observed and theoretical intensities. A map of the attenuation variations is also set up for Metropolitan France. No major site effects are observed, but at a broad scale, young Alpine regions display a stronger attenuation than old Hercynian regions. To cite this article: P. Arroucau et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006). 相似文献
32.
33.
The Irtysh river basin all the way from river spring in China across Kazakhstan as far as the Russian part of Siberia is among the most ecologically endangered and affected regions on our planet. The study provides a summary of the historical reasons for anthropological interventions in this area, which began with the construction of plants of the military—industrial complexes in the forties of the last century during World War II. These plants have a major share in extreme high concentrations of heavy metals in surface as well in groundwaters locally. The Semipalatinsk nuclear polygon plays a specific role as a source of contamination of local waters. The release of top secret data enabled us to gain knowledge about serious problems related to high radioactivity of groundwaters, which should spread uncontrollably through a system of secondary fissures activated by nuclear blasts. Another serious problem in this region is the quantitative aspect of contamination. Model simulations of water balance indicate that large industrial development in the spring area in China and continuously increasing water consumption in Kazakhstan may lead to desiccation of the lower stretch of this large river in Siberia during the summer months of 2030. 相似文献
34.
M. Catherine Eimers Andrew M. Paterson Peter J. Dillon Sherry L. Schiff Brian F. Cumming Roland I. Hall 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2006,35(1):99-109
Stable isotopic compositions and concentrations of total sedimentary sulphur (S) were determined in cores from 6 lakes in
the acid-sensitive Muskoka-Haliburton region of south-central Ontario. The isotopic composition of S in deep sediment (> ~
20 cm) was approximately constant in all lakes, and indicated a pre-industrial δ 34S value between +4.0 and +5.3‰, which is similar to current bulk deposition. Similarly, total S concentrations in deep sediment
were relatively low (1.9–5 mg S g−1 dwt) and approximately constant with depth within cores. All lakes exhibited up-core increases in total S and decreases in
δ 34S at a depth corresponding to the beginning of industrialization in the Great Lakes region ( ~ 1900), resulting in a generally
reciprocal depth pattern between total S concentration and δ 34S ratios. While initial shifts in total S and δ 34S were likely due to enhanced SO4 reduction of newly available anthropogenic SO4, both the magnitude and pattern of up-core S enrichment and shifts in δ 34S varied greatly among lakes, and did not match changes in S deposition post 1900. Differences between lakes in total S and
δ 34S were not related to any single hydrologic (e.g., residence time) or physical (e.g., catchment-area-to-lake area ratio) lake
characteristic. This work indicates that sediment cores do not provide consistent records of changes in post-industrial S
deposition in this region, likely due to redox-related mobility of S in upper sediment. 相似文献
35.
Fluid flow patterns have been determined using oxygen isotope isopleths in the Val-d’Or orogenic gold district. 3D numerical modelling of fluid flow and oxygen isotope exchange in the vein field shows that the fluid flow patterns can be reproduced if the lower boundary of the model is permeable, which represents middle or lower crustal rocks that are infiltrated by a metamorphic fluid generated at deeper levels. This boundary condition implies that the major crustal faults so conspicuous in vein fields do not act as the only major channel for upward fluid flow. The upper model boundary is impermeable except along the trace of major crustal faults where fluids are allowed to drain out of the vein field. This upper impermeable boundary condition represents a low-permeability layer in the crust that separates the overpressured fluid from the overlying hydrostatic fluid pressure regime. We propose that the role of major crustal faults in overpressured vein fields, independent of tectonic setting, is to drain hydrothermal fluids out of the vein field along a breach across an impermeable layer higher in the crust and above the vein field. This breach is crucial to allow flow out of the vein field and accumulation of metals in the fractures, and this breach has major implications for exploration for mineral resources. We propose that tectonic events that cause episodic metamorphic dehydration create a short-lived pulse of metamorphic fluid to rise along zones of transient permeability. This results in a fluid wave that propagates upward carrying metals to the mineralized area. Earthquakes along crustal shear zones cause dilation near jogs that draw fluids and deposit metals in an interconnected network of subsidiary shear zones. Fluid flow is arrested by an impermeable barrier separating the hydrostatic and lithostatic fluid pressure regimes. Fluids flow through the evolving and interconnected network of shear zones and by advection through the rock matrix. Episodic breaches in the impermeable barrier along the crustal shear zones allow fluid flow out of the vein field. 相似文献
36.
In the central part of the internal Western Alps, widespread multidirectional normal faulting resulted in an orogen-scale radial extension during the Neogene. We revisit the frontal Piémont units, between Doire and Ubaye, where contrasting lithologies allow analysing the interference with the N–S trending Oligocene compressive structures. A major extensional structure is the orogen-perpendicular Chenaillet graben, whose development was guided by an E–W trending transfer fault zone between the Chaberton backfold to the north and the Rochebrune backthrust to the south. The Chaberton hinge zone was passively crosscut by planar normal faults, resulting in a E–W trending step-type structure. Within the Rochebrune nappe, E–W trending listric normal faults bound tilted blocks that slipped northward along the basal backthrust surface reactivated as an extensional detachment. Gravity-driven gliding is suggested by the general northward tilting of the structure in relation with the collapse of the Chenaillet graben. The stress tensors computed from brittle deformation analysis confirm the predominance of orogen-parallel extension in the entire frontal Piémont zone. This can be compared with the nearby Briançonnnais nappe stack where the extensional reactivation of thrust surfaces locally resulted in prominent orogen-perpendicular extension. Such a contrasting situation illustrates how the main direction of the late-Alpine extension may be regionally governed by the nature and orientation of the pre-existing structures inherited from the main collision stage. 相似文献
37.
Geographic Information System (GIS) software is constrained, to a greater or lesser extent, by a static world view that is not well-suited to the representation of time (Goodchild 2000). Space Time Intelligence System (STIS) software holds the promise of relaxing some of the technological constraints of spatial only GIS, making possible visualization approaches and analysis methods that are appropriate for temporally dynamic geospatial data. This special issue of the Journal of Geographical Systems describes some recent advances in STIS technology and methods, with an emphasis on applications in public health and spatial epidemiology.The STIS expert workshops were funded in part by grants R01CA092669 and R01CA096002 from the National Cancer Institute, and by grants R43-ES010220 and R44-ES010220 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Gillian AvRuskin provided cheerful editorial assistance. We thank the participants at the workshops for providing invaluable expertise and critical insights. 相似文献
38.
The chemical composition of fogwater has been studied in the city of Strasbourg (France) from 1990 to 1999. During these years, fogwater samples have been collected and analysed for major ions and trace metals. This paper reports on the analysis of the collected dataset. The analysis revealed a significant decrease in acidity of approximately one pH unit over the course of the study. This decrease in acidity appears to be linked to a decrease in SO2(g) and the resulting SO42−. Trace metal concentrations have also strongly decreased over the 10-year period. Pb concentrations, following the elimination of leaded gasoline, decreased by more than one order of magnitude. 相似文献
39.
40.
Celestite formation, bacterial sulphate reduction and carbonate cementation of Eocene reefs and basinal sediments (Igualada, NE Spain) 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Conxita Taberner James D. Marshall† James P. Hendry‡ Catherine Pierre§ & M. F. Thirlwall¶ 《Sedimentology》2002,49(1):171-190
Petrographic and geochemical studies of an Upper Eocene reef and associated basinal sediments from the mixed carbonate–siliciclastic fill of the south‐eastern Pyrenean foreland basin near Igualada (NE Spain) provide new insights into the evolution of subsurface hydrology during the restriction of a marine basin. The reef deposits are located on delta‐lobe sandstones and prodelta marls, which are overlain by hypersaline carbonates and Upper Eocene evaporites. Authigenic celestite (SrSO4) is an important component in the observed diagenetic sequences. Celestite is a significant palaeohydrological indicator because its low solubility constrains transportation of Sr2+ and SO42? in the same diagenetic fluid. Stable isotopic analyses of carbonates in the reef indicate that meteoric recharge was responsible for aragonite stabilization and calcite cementation. Sulphur and oxygen isotope geochemistry of the celestite demonstrates that it formed from residual sulphate after bacterial sulphate reduction, but also requires that there was a prior episode of sulphate recycling. Meteoric water reaching the reef and basinal areas was most probably charged with SO42? from the dissolution of younger Upper Eocene marine evaporites. This sulphate, combined with organic matter present in the sediments, fuelled bacterial sulphate reduction in the meteoric palaeoaquifer. Strontium for celestite precipitation was partly derived in situ from dissolution of aragonite corals in the reef and basinal counterparts. However, 87Sr/86Sr data also suggest that Sr2+ was partly derived from dissolution of overlying evaporites. Mixing of these two fluids promoted celestite formation. The carbonate stable isotopic data suggest that the local meteoric water was enriched in 18O compared with that responsible for stabilization of other reefs along the basin margin. Furthermore, meteoric recharge at Igualada post‐dated evaporite deposition in the basin, whereas other parts of the same reef complex were stabilized before evaporite formation. This discrepancy resulted from the spatial distribution of continental siliciclastic units that acted as groundwater conduits. 相似文献