The influence of topography and land use on water quality of Xiangxi River in Three Gorges Reservoir region

A self-organizing map (SOM) was used to cluster the water quality data of Xiangxi River in the Three Gorges Reservoir region. The results showed that 81 sampling sites could be divided into several groups representing different land use types. The forest dominated region had low concentrations of most nutrient variables except COD, whereas the agricultural region had high concentrations of NO₃N, TN, Alkalinity, and Hardness. The sites downstream of an urban area were high in NH₃N, NO₂N, PO₄P and TP. Redundancy analysis was used to identify the individual effects of topography and land use on river water quality. The results revealed that the watershed factors accounted for 61.7% variations of water quality in the Xiangxi River. Specifically, topographical characteristics explained 26.0% variations of water quality, land use explained 10.2%, and topography and land use together explained 25.5%. More than 50% of the variation in most water quality variables was explained by watershed characteristics. However, water quality variables which are strongly influenced by urban and industrial point source pollution (NH₃N, NO₂N, PO₄P and TP) were not as well correlated with watershed characteristics.     

基于模糊层次分析法对“一带一路”重要区域地质灾害危险性评价——以关中经济区为例

在“一带一路”沿线区域开展地质灾害危险性评价与区划具有重大意义。本文以关中经济区为例,综合考虑地质灾害特点、分布规律与孕灾环境等要素,基于坡度和地形起伏度的组合,提出了地质灾害安全区域与非安全区域的初步识别方法。在此基础上,采用模糊层次分析法和GIS空间分析方法对地质灾害各孕灾因子进行了危险性等级评价,并分别进行了单因子和多因子综合制图与结果验证。研究结果表明：1）地质灾害安全区域与非安全区域的初步判识,对灾害风险管理和降低防灾减灾成本有重要参考价值,也大大提高了地质灾害评价区域的针对性和准确性。2）研究区地质灾害安全区域面积占比22.9%（17054.5km²）,非安全区域占比77.1%（57462.6km²）,轻度危险区、低危险区、中危险区和高危险区面积分别占非安全区域面积的17.2%、32.2%、32.0%、18.6%,以中、低危险性为主（64.2%）。高危险性区域集中分布在关中经济区的西北、西南、东南部,而轻度危险性区域集中分布在关中平原以南地区,呈现出东西走向的“条带状”。3）共计3230个灾害点中,仅有3.3%（106个）的灾害点分布在安全区域中,其余96.7%（3124个）的灾害点均分布在非安全区域之中。分布在轻度危险、低危险、中危险和高危险区域中的分别有328个（10.2%）、765个（23.7%）、1007个（31.2%）、1024个（31.7%）,这与危险性等级区划结果具有很好的一致性。表明本文提出的地质灾害安全区域识别方法和地质灾害危险性区划方法具有一定的科学性和准确性。

     

硅基毫米波收发前端集成电路研究进展

随着第五代移动通信技术（5G）逐步向毫米波频段（FR2）部署，以及目前无人驾驶技术对毫米波雷达技术的需求，高性能的毫米波收发前端集成电路成为了目前研究的热点.与此同时，硅基器件工艺的快速发展，极大地提高了晶体管的截止频率，为低成本、高性能的硅基毫米波集成电路设计提供了基础.本文对近年来的毫米波通信和雷达的硅基收发前端集成电路的研究现状和发展趋势进行了综述.     

环境规制视角下城市绿色创新时空演变及溢出效应

基于2005—2019年中国266个地级及以上城市的面板数据,采用SBM-DEA模型评价城市绿色创新水平,刻画城市绿色创新的空间演变格局,最后构建空间杜宾模型实证分析不同类型的环境规制视角下城市绿色创新的溢出效应。研究结果显示：(1)时序发展上,研究期内城市绿色创新呈现东部地区、中部地区、西部地区、东北地区依次减弱的态势,总体上表现为“双M”型波动上升趋势,未来具有较大的增长潜力;(2)空间演化上,城市绿色创新在空间分布格局上存在明显的区域异质性,整体表现为东部地区主导发展的特征;(3)城市绿色创新在正式环境规制视角下存在正向溢出效应,在非正式环境规制视角下未产生显著溢出效应。     

甘肃省景泰县下石炭统灰岩岩溶水的赋存规律

<正> 景泰县位于甘肃省中部北缘,属18个干旱县之一,面积约5476平方公里。笔者在1977—1978年农田供水及区域水文地质勘察中,初步研究了该地下石炭统灰岩岩溶发育的一般规律及岩溶水赋存的条件。掌握岩溶水赋存规律,有助于省内缺水的岩溶山区抗旱打井工作。     

Effects of nutritional factors on the growth and heterotrophic eicosapentaenoic acid production of diatom <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nitzschia laevis</Emphasis>

The effects of several nutritional factors on the growth and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) production of diatom Nitzschia laevis were studied. 4 LDM (quadrupled concentration of the nutrient salt) was the optimal concentration of nutrient salt for the growth and EPA production of N. laevis. The growth of N. laevis was inhibited when the glucose concentration was either lower than 10 gL⁻¹ or higher than 15 gL⁻¹. Both sodium nitrate and urea were good nitrogen sources for the growth and EPA production, while ammonium chloride seriously decreased the dry cell weight (DW) and the EPA content. Silicate seriously influenced the growth of N. laevis. The maximum DW of 2.34 gL⁻¹ was obtained in the presence of 150 mgL⁻¹ Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O. The EPA content remained almost the same when the silicate concentration was lower than 150 mgL⁻¹; however, higher silicate concentrations resulted in a steady decrease of EPA content. Low medium salinity (⩽29) did not seem to influence the DW of N. laevis, and high salinity resulted in a decrease of DW. The highest EPA content (4.08%) and yield (110 mgL⁻¹) were observed at the salinity of 36 and 29, respectively.     

Fifteen Years of Ocean Observations with China Argo

For 15 years since the beginning of China Argo project, China has deployed over 350 profiling floats in Pacific and Indian ocean, and constructed China Argo ocean observing network. Moreover, we have setup the Argo data receiving, processing and distributing system, and developed various Argo data products using Argo observations, which has promoted the progress of ocean data sharing in China. The abundant Argo data have become a main data source in oceanic and atmospheric basic researches and operational applications. A batch of important achievements in basic research and operational application have been brought, e.g. in aspects of tropical cyclone (typhoon), ocean circulation, meso-scale eddy, turbulence, heat/salt storage and transport and water mass, as well as in ocean, atmosphere/climate operational forecasting and predicting. With the extension of the international Argo program from “Core Argo” to “Global Argo”, we are faced with great challenges in the long-term maintaining and sustained developing of our Argo ocean observing network. It is suggested that we should take the opportunity to construct China regional Argo ocean observing network as soon as possible in adjacent northwestern Pacific and Indian ocean using Chinese BeiDou profiling floats, which will make us to take responsibility and obligation of a big country for addressing global climate changes and preventing natural disasters.     

Restriction function of lithology and its composite structure to deformation and failure of mining coal seam floor

We examined spatial distribution characteristics of extreme hydrological events in Xinjiang, China, using district data from 1901 to 2010. Frequency distribution showed a general symmetry along the Tianshan Mountains, with even distribution in Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin. Frequency was more in the north-west than in the south-east. The maximum incidence was in west Tianshan Mountains and generally decreased south-eastward. There were significant regional variations in type distribution. Rainstorm floods were more common in central Xinjiang. Hailstorms mainly occurred in the central Junggar Basin, the southern slope of the western Tianshan Mountains and north-west of Tarim Basin. Debris flow was mainly distributed in Ili Valley and the central northern Tianshan Mountains. Glacier lake outburst floods were more common in the Karakorum Mountains and southern slopes of the western Tianshan Mountains. Ice floods were mainly distributed in the western Tianshan Mountains. Snow hazards were mainly distributed in the wide northern areas, especially the Altai Mountains and Hamilton Basin. Snowmelt floods were mainly distributed in the Tacheng Basin and Ili Valley. The incidence of extreme hydrological events was greatly affected by weather systems and terrain features.     

城市居民日常身体活动时空分异特征及影响因素

依托南京主城区居民日常身体活动调查数据,基于身体活动时空维度,挖掘城市居民日常身体活动时空分异特征,并采用混合效应模型探究身体活动分异的影响因素。研究表明：① 居民日常身体活动时空异质特征明显。工作日/非工作日不同类型身体活动时间安排及个体间差异均显著;工作性、交通性、家务性身体活动空间制约明显,而休闲性身体活动空间分布更具弹性;与工作日相比,非工作日不同类型身体活动空间范围变化收敛与扩散特征并存。② 活动空间范围、个人社会经济属性、自身健康状况对居民日常身体活动分异均具有显著影响。具体而言,居民日常活动空间范围决定身体活动的空间适应与选择;社会分工差异导致不同性别、年龄人群身体活动具有指向性;身体活动时间出现与个人社会经济实力倒置现象;而良好健康状态会激励居民日常身体活动的保持。     

Dynamic Response Analysis of Interaction System of R.C. Gravity Single-Leg Platform

In this paper, the responses of the interaction system of R.C. gravity single-leg platform to seismic excitation are mainly analysed. A set of nonlinear equations for the interaction system are established by using the wave, one is the soil-structure interaction and the other is the fluid-structure interaction. The seismic response of the interaction system is analysed for the influence of the asymmetric structure, fluid action, etc. with the input of seismic SH waves in any direction. The numerical results are given for a simple example.