A Carnian 40Ar/39Ar age for the Paasselkä impact structure (SE Finland)—An update

A recrystallized band of pale feldspathic impact melt in a gneissic impact breccia from the approximately 10 km Paasselkä impact structure in southeast Finland was dated via ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar step‐heating. The newly obtained plateau age of 228.7 ± 1.8 (2.2) Ma (2σ) (MSWD = 0.32; p = 0.93) is equal to the previously published pseudoplateau age of 228.7 ± 3.0 (3.4) (2σ) for the impact event. According to the current international chronostratigraphic chart and using the most recent published suggestions for the K decay constants, a Carnian (Late Triassic) age for the Paasselkä impact structure of 231.0 ± 1.8 (2.2) Ma (2σ) is calculated and considered the most precise and accurate age for this impact structure. The new plateau age for Paasselkä confirms the previous dating result but is, based on its internal statistics, much more compelling.     

Sediment concentrations of heavy metals in the Homa Lagoon (Eastern Aegean Sea): Assessment of contamination and ecological risks

The concentrations of heavy metals and organic carbon in sediment of the Homa Lagoon which is one of the most productive lagoons and commercial important active fish trap in the Eastern Aegean Sea, were investigated in order to describe the temporal and spatial distributions of metals. These results were used to evaluate possible ecological risks that could be a problem for the environment of the lagoon in the future. Sediments were enriched with Cr, Ni and considered as heavily polluted per the SQG. The C_f of Ni and Cr were presented moderate level of contamination in this area. The C_d levels indicated moderate degree of contamination at station B, C, D and E due to agricultural drainage water, industrial and domestic wastewater, are transported by the Gediz River. Sediments from Homa Lagoon were most toxic for Ni due to exceedances of the TEL and PEL values.     

福建浦城叶家山破火山群构造特征及其形成机制探讨

近年来的最新调研成果表明，叶家山破火山群由７个破火山和１个层状火山（喷发中心）所组成，各火山机构相互叠置，与卫星ＴＭ遥感影象解译成果相吻合。火山作用经历了６个阶段的火山喷发，周围发育有环状、放射状断裂和岩脉、岩墙，是省内较为典型的破火山群机构，是寻找火山岩非金属矿的有利部位。火山活动的构造环境为拉张环境，物质来源于地壳。     

On temperature initialization in primitive equation forecast models

Four procedures of specifying model initial temperature were described and tested in the present study. It was found that the use of observed temperatures along with a proper vertical interpolation scheme was not only acceptable, but produced less error than the use of temperatures derived from geopotential height through the hydrostatic equation did. Use of the difference form of the hydrostatic equation would produce unacceptable errors in the initial temperatures, unrealistic horizontal and vertical distribution of temperature, and these errors would influence the calculation of the pressure gradient force, resulting in substantial, artificial disturbances within the model domain.In addition, an approach to check the initial data was described. Taking advantage of the fact that the geostrophic wind in sigma coordinates should be nondivergent, geopotential height and temperature were used to calculate the pressure gradient force terms and an initial divergence of the geostrophic wind. This approach can he used for comparing different initialization schemes for identical input data.     

城市化进程下北京平原渗流场与地面沉降发展演化模拟

北京地面沉降已有60多年的历史,其发生发展与半个多世纪城市的快速扩张密不可分.从整个北京平原地下水系统出发,梳理多年时间序列(1950-2015年)的城市发展规模、人口、水资源及开采动态等数据,结合遥感技术解译不同年代北京平原的不透水面变化,分析其对降雨入渗补给量的影响;构建整个北京平原含水层-弱透水层三维结构系统,借助PMWIN软件建立区域尺度的地下水流-地面沉降耦合模型,利用长期水位及沉降观测数据对模型进行识别验证;开展长时间序列的北京平原地下水水头场与地面沉降演化模拟,研究快速城市化进程下北京平原多层含水层系统渗流场演变与地面沉降响应特征.研究表明:长时间尺度区域地下水流场-地面沉降演化模拟基本再现了地面沉降形成和发展演化的过程;北京地下水开采历史与地面沉降发展历史具有一致性,而不同沉降区地面沉降发展受地下水开采和城市发展双重控制,是二者综合作用的结果.     

中国地方政府科技财政支出对企业创新产出的影响研究——来自工业企业数据库的证据

自主创新是中国重要的国家战略之一,各级政府纷纷给予企业创新活动多方面的财政支持。然而,经济地理学很少考察政府财政支持对创新的具体效应,其他学科对这一问题的研究也缺乏定论。为弥补这一缺憾,本文运用工业企业数据库的大样本数据和多层次回归模型,分析了全国地级市政府科技财政支出对当地企业创新产出的影响。研究结果表明,地方政府对创新的支持效果存在异质性。从全国整体情况看,地方政府科技支出对企业创新产出的影响不显著,但东部地区、大城市例外;政府科技支出对国企和大中型企业的促进作用更强。该结论对于政府检视地方政府科技扶持政策效果和调整政府在科技创新方面的财政分配方案具有参考意义。     

中国电子信息产业创新网络与创新绩效研究

采用国家知识产权局1985~2013年中国电子信息产业联合申请发明专利信息数据,借助Ucinet、ArcGIS、Stata等分析工具,对中国电子信息产业创新网络特征、结构、演化、绩效进行了分析。研究发现：① 知名高校和大型企业是中国电子信息产业创新网络重要的科学知识源和技术知识源,也是创新合作优先连接主体,与美国跨国公司、西欧中小企业是创新网络科技知识源的特点不同;② 创新网络呈现“核心-边缘”模式,创新网络结构的“小世界网络”特征越来越明显;③ 本市、境外是创新合作最重要的空间载体,地理邻近有助于隐性知识交流,在国内合作创新网络构建中发挥着重要作用,技术邻近是促成境外合作创新的重要基础,进一步验证了Bathelt等学者倡导的关系经济地理学假说;④ 提高网络地位、占据结构洞位置能够提升主体创新绩效;⑤ 创新网络内部作用机理的地域差异明显,网络结构根植性对发达地区创新一般有负面影响,地理邻近对发达地区创新主体的创新绩效影响不显著,但地理邻近却有利于欠发达中西部地区创新主体间的隐性知识交流,有助于创新绩效的提高。因而,应引入“网络资本”来分析网络主体的创新绩效,弥补中心地理论中基于规模等级分析主体创新能力的传统做法。     

峡东地区埃迪卡拉系灯影组石板滩段沉积环境探讨

本文通过对峡东地区埃迪卡拉系灯影组石板滩段典型沉积岩的岩石学特征及沉积构造进行详细研究,取得了石板滩段主体沉积形成于台地边缘浅滩-台缘缓斜坡的较多证据,并首次发现了该段地层中保存的十分完整的诸如丘(洼)状交错层理、粒序层理、冲刷-充填构造、渠铸型构造在内的典型的风暴沉积构造。通过对沉积特征、风暴序列的分析认为石板滩段沉积是受风暴作用改造的产物,其主体沉积背景属于正常浪基面与风暴浪基面附近的受周期性风暴影响的台地边缘-台缘缓斜坡环境。     

云南广南南瓜地土壤地球化学特征及找矿远景

南瓜地土壤地球化学异常以As、Sb、Au、Ag为主,圈定Ⅰ类异常(Au、Sb、As)一个,Ⅱ类金异常2个.异常中心明显,浓度高,连续性好,沿闪长岩岩体及接触带分布.而线性构造与矿点叠合处即是找矿远景区.