Recent Progresses in Comparative Planetology——Summary of the Session of Comparative Planetology at the 3rd Conference of Earth System Sciences

Comparative planetology is an interdisciplinary science between Earth sciences and astronomy. It studies physical, chemical and dynamical properties of planets and satellites and their surface characteristics, interior structures and chemistry, magnetic field, climate and possible existence of life. Although the study of comparative planetary science is at its infancy stage in China, it is very encouraging to see that 25 papers were received by the session, which is much more than what we expected. It indicates that more and more scientists are interested in this research field. These papers can be classified into three categories: solar planets, extra-solar planets, and moon explorations. Scientists from both China and oversea reported their recent results.     

煤造石油与煤成油理论关系研究进展综述

综述了煤造石油的研究进展。煤加氢液化研究结果表明挥发分、Ｈ与Ｃ比值、煤级、催化剂是影响煤炭液化的重要因素;对煤造石油与石油玩机成因说、煤造石油与煤一理论之间的联系进行了评述,现代含煤岩系煤成油研究得出的结论与煤造石油实践得出的结果近似一致,一些大油田分布带与大构造活动区带近于一致,由此使人们得出了类似于Ｆ－Ｔ法合成的石油无机成因理论。     

赣中变质岩带的Sm—Nd,Rb—Sr同位素年代研究

赣中变质岩带主要由斜长(云母)变粒岩、十字石榴云母片岩、云母石英片岩夹斜长角闪岩组成。斜长角闪岩Sm-Nd全岩等时线年龄为1113±19Ma,相当于该变质岩带的原岩形成年龄。ε_(Nd)(t)值为2.4±0.1,说明岩浆起源于亏损程度较低的地幔源区:726.6±1.1Ma、403.1±6.4Ma的Rb-Sr等时线年龄表明赣中地区在新元古代末期、加里东期经历了一次强烈的构造变质热作用,其地质、地球化学特征及时代可与浙闽地区陈蔡群、建瓯群进行对比。因此赣中变质岩带并非长期公认的华南加里东褶皱带,应是华夏地块的一部分,这一事实对华南大地构造单元的划分及构造演化具有重要意义。     

活性炭从硫脲浸出液中回收金的工艺研究

本文研究了在酸性硫脲浸出液中活性炭回收金的工艺过程,实验表明,在该浸出液中活性炭对金具有较高的吸附速度、吸附率和吸附容量并易于解吸,为工业应用提供了可靠的技术依据。     

基于地面控制的江阴市浅层地下水资源评价

根据江阴市地下水系统的水文地质机理,采用真三维流,将其概化为三度空间上的非均质各向异性,在对模型进行识别验证和针对江阴市主含水层水位和地面沉降控制的基础上,以乡镇为单位,给出了各乡镇浅层的最大可开采量,为合理开采江阴市地下水资源提供科学依据。     

湘中锡矿山锑矿床成矿物质来源的同位素示踪

本文利用放射成因同位素（Pb、Sr)和轻稳定同位素（C、O）对锡矿山超大型锑矿床的成矿物质来源进行了示踪，从物源角度揭示了其在规模成矿、元素发生超常富集的原因。研究表明，锡矿山锑矿床的成矿物质不可能是来自赋矿围岩；深部地幔和基底都卷入了该矿的成矿作用；富Sb的交代型地幔和富Sb的元古界基底为其大规模成矿提供了充足的矿源，两者是形成锡成山超大型锑矿床的前提条件。     

川滇密西西比河谷型铅锌矿床成矿流体来源研究:流体Na-Cl-Br体系的证据

应用流体包裹体滤液分析方法，测定了川滇7个MVT铅锌矿床成矿流体的Na,Cl,Br含量，结果表明成矿流体的x(Na/Br)和x(Cl/Br)的平均值分别为185和73，并与高度蒸发浓缩的残留海水的x(Na/Br)和x(Cl/Br)相近。成矿流体的Na,Cl含量呈正相关，在lgNa-lgCl图解中呈线性分布。根据这些事实以及矿床地质特征，认为原始成矿卤水起源于蒸发浓缩的残留海水，原始含矿卤水与富含有机质的大气降水混合导致矿质沉淀而成矿。     

松辽盆地东南隆起区营城组珍珠岩斑晶矿物研究

松辽盆地早白垩世营城组火山岩系含有丰富的珍珠岩,为松辽盆地重要的油气勘探目的层位。在松辽盆地边缘东南隆起九台地区出露有比较新鲜的珍珠岩,内部斑晶保存完好,裂隙发育;斑晶矿物主要有斜长石、黑云母、角闪石,还有镁铁质的单斜辉石和斜方辉石。对含斑晶珍珠岩和剔除斑晶后的珍珠岩玻璃质分别进行地球化学分析,斑晶矿物进行单矿物电子探针成分研究。其结果表明：该珍珠岩属于酸性高钾钙-碱性系列,微量和稀土元素特征显示与上部地壳相似;斑晶矿物单斜辉石为斜紫苏辉石和次透辉石,斜方辉石为紫苏辉石,均显示变质成因,属于捕虏晶;与珍珠岩相邻层位玄武岩的斑晶斜长石为拉长石,单斜辉石为铁次透辉石,属于岩浆成因。这些特征表明,珍珠岩原岩可能来自于上部地壳,其辉石等捕虏晶为岩浆上侵运移过程与围岩发生混染作用的结果。     

Risk assessment of land subsidence at Tianjin coastal area in China

Risk assessment and zoning are very important to risk management. In this study, a land subsidence risk assessment index was proposed based on the Disaster Risk Index. The cumulative subsidence volume, the land subsidence velocity, and the groundwater exploitation intensity were collected, analyzed, and put together to create a land subsidence hazard evaluation map in Tianjin coastal area. The population density, Gross Domestic Product per square kilometer, and construction land proportion were adopted as indexes to create the vulnerability map. In addition, the capability of land subsidence prevention and reduction was also assessed. Finally, the land subsidence risk map was created by combing the hazard, vulnerability, and the capability of land subsidence prevention and reduction map. Specifically, the land subsidence risk was classified into five levels, i.e., very high, high, medium, low, and very low. The result of this research could provide a solid basis for the sustainable development as well as disaster prevention policy-making of Tianjin city.     

大水式金矿床地质特征及成冈探讨

大水式金矿床是新近发现的一个新类型金矿,其矿化特征独特、埋藏浅、品位高、化学成分简单、易采选、具有委高的经济价值。矿体呈脉状、不规则囊状或漏斗状产于西秦岭造山带三叠纪碳酸盐岩中。矿石主要为一套热液成因的红色、褐色硅化岩和硅质岩,极端贫硫化物。矿石组构和矿物组成等反映出的成矿作用方式主要为热液渗滤交代、构造裂隙和角砾岩孔隙前限空间的充填沉淀作用以及古构造岩溶内相对开放空间中的沉积或堆积作用,构成比较