转换点位置对转换波速度分析精度的影响

在多波地震勘探中,转换点位置的求取精度直接影响共转换点道集的抽取,进而影响转换波速度分析的精度。利用DSR方程,对比了用不同的转换点计算方法进行转换波速度分析,分析其计算精度。     

网络存储技术在石油地震数据处理中的应用

针对油田局域网的特点,利用网络存储技术中的SOCKET编程方法,结合Linux或Unix系统中的常驻进程及输入输出控制技术解决海量地震数据交换的问题,这个方法可以实现远程磁带或磁盘数据的读取。对常用的地震数据SEGY格式及其存储特点进行分析,在SEG-Y格式的地震数据的读写技术中,采用位运算的方式解决移位及浮点数的读写操作。网络存储技术的应用实现了远程海量地震数据的存取,位运算方法提高了地震数据输入输出的速度。     

Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients in Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone in the Pacific in 2017

This research investigated eight stations in Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone(CCFZ) in the eastern tropical Pacific in 2017 to study the spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients and chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration,and compared nutrient concentrations and molar ratios with those of other investigations 20 years ago in the same area. The study found that dissolved inorganic nutrient(N, P and Si) concentrations were lowest in the upper layer, and increased from surface to some depths, t...     

海洋透光率仪的设计及其在初级生产力研究中的应用*

海洋浮游植物光合作用固碳在全球碳循环中扮演着极为重要的角色, 获取不同光衰减对应的海水深度, 对于采集水样用于海洋初级生产力的研究具有重要意义。本研究于国际上首次开发了无缆便携式海洋透光率仪, 特殊的光学结构设计和光谱滤光技术使得光谱响应在波段400~700nm范围内超过了同类海洋传感器, 特定光衰减下对应的深度误差小于0.5m。将本设备应用于南海中尺度涡旋初级生产力的研究中, 在采样率和自动化方面验证了仪器的便携性; 通过对涡旋中初级生产力的空间分布规律进行分析, 检验了仪器数据结果的可靠性。海洋透光率仪在价格、准确性、可靠度和操作的便携性上具有不可比拟的优势, 将在未来海洋生态环境的研究中发挥重要作用。     

LNAPL在二维含水介质中运移规律的研究

为研究LNAPL （轻质非水相液体）污染物在均匀含水介质中的运移规律,本文建立微元模型推导出LNAPL在均匀含水介质中的对流--弥散方程。针对不同的介质模型,对二维对流--弥散方程运用差分法进行数值模拟,求其数值解。分析LNAPL污染物的运移特征,得出在均匀介质和非均匀层状介质中运移规律： LNAPL污染物在含水介质中的运移规律遵循对流--弥散方程,介质的弥散系数是影响LNAPL污染物运移的主要因素。     

1953—2011年信江流域径流量变化特征及归因分析

利用信江流域梅港水文控制站1953—2011年径流量观测资料和11个气象站同期气象观测资料,采用统计方法、Mann-Kendall非参数检验方法、Morlet小波分析法,对信江流域径流量年内、年际变化的不均匀性、长期趋势、周期变化,及其与气候因素的相关性等进行分析。结果显示,信江流域多年平均径流量呈缓慢增大趋势,但具有显著的年际和年代际变化特征,振荡周期明显,年际变化的主要周期为6—8 a,年代际变化的主要周期为准22 a,在20世纪70—90年代最明显。年流量以主汛期(4—6月)为最多,春、夏季(3—8月)径流变差系数小,水量稳定,冬季变差系数大,水量不稳定。流域径流量与气候因素中的降水、蒸发具有显著的相关性,而人类活动中的城镇化、经济、人口等因素对径流变化起到了一定的辅助作用。     

Erratum to: Purification and characterization of iron-cofactored superoxide dismutase from Enteromorpha linza

<正>Erratum to:Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol.31 No.6,P.1190-1195,2013http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00343-013-3049-3The supporting grant information on the footnote of the original version of this article needs to be altered and updated.The new information is given below.     

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The day-to-day monitoring of the 2011 severe drought in China

Dry/wet condition has a large interannual variability. Decision-makers need to know the onset, duration, and intensity of drought, and require droughts be monitored at a daily to weekly scale. However, previous tools cannot monitor drought well at this short timescale. The Palmer Drought Severity Index has been found dissatisfactory in monitoring because of its complexity and numerous limitations. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) always asks for a timescale, and precipitation is averaged over the period of the scale. Because of this, the SPI cannot be used for short scales, e.g., several days, and what it tells is the overall drought situation of the period. The weighted average of precipitation (WAP) developed by Lu (Geophys Res Lett 36:L12707, 2009) overcomes the deficiency of the SPI; it does not require a timescale, and can provide the drought (and flood) extent of each day. Therefore, the WAP can monitor drought at scales from daily to weekly, monthly, and any longer scale, and is really “flexible and versatile for all timescales”. In this study, the standardized WAP (SWAP) is used to monitor the 2011 drought over China. Drought swept the country during the year from north to south and from east to west. In spring, a once-in-a-fifty-year drought occurred over the Yangtze River basin and the southern region, causing serious shortage of drinking water for people and livestock, as well as tremendous losses in agriculture and the shipping industry. Results show that the SWAP, with its monthly mean plots, can well reproduce the seasonal shift of the 2011 drought across the country. The animation of daily plots demonstrates that the SWAP would have been able to monitor the day-to-day variation of the spring drought around the Yangtze River basin. It can provide the details of the drought, such as when the drought emerged over the region, how long it maintained there (though drought area may move back and forth with extension and contraction of the area), and when the drought relieved over the basin.     

裂缝诱导双相HTI介质模型及其弹性波传播方程

将Biot双相介质理论与Gurevich裂缝各向异性理论相结合,建立了能够同时考虑实际裂缝性储层孔隙性和各向异性的裂缝诱导双相HTI介质模型。从本构方程、动力学方程和动力学达西定律出发,推导出了裂缝诱导双相HTI介质中弹性波传播的一阶速度-应力方程,并针对方程的刚性问题,给出了利用显式二阶时间积分法数值求解该方程时所需要满足的稳定性条件。该方程能够定量地给出双相HTI介质的波场特征与裂缝参数、背景孔隙介质参数之间的关系,描述弹性波在这种介质中的传播机理。