佳木斯地块主要金矿类型特征及找矿方向

黑龙江省东部佳木斯地块是我国重要金矿集中产区之一。根据区域地质背景,金成矿作用及矿物共生组合特征,初步划分出５个金矿类型,并对各类型金矿床的地质特征及找矿方向进行了简述。     

Characteristics and developmental mechanisms of mud volcanoes on the southern margin of the Junggar Basin,NW China

Mud volcanoes have provided much meaningful information about the deep Earth and the recent crustal and neotectonic movements in an area for over 200 years. However, the triggering mechanisms have puzzled geologists for a long time. This study investigated the factors controlling mud volcano activity and the triggering mechanisms of mud volcano eruptions on the southern margin of the Junggar Basin, NW China. The Baiyanggou, Aiqigou and Dushanzi mud volcanoes are all located along the Dushanzi Anticline, which belongs to the third anticline belt on the southern margin of the basin. The extensive, thick mudstone at depth provides a wealth of material for the formation of mud volcanoes. Simultaneously, the overpressure serves as the driving force for the eruption of the mud volcanoes. The torsional–compressional stress field created by the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates not only enhanced the abnormal formational pressure in the region but also lead to the development of extensional faults in the core of the Dushanzi Anticline, which served as the conduits for the mud volcanoes. The continuous collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates and the regional torsional–compressional stress field may largely control the cyclical activity of the mud volcanoes and serve as their primary trigger mechanism. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Distribution of methyl mercury in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rana chensinensis</Emphasis> and environmental media in gold-mining areas of upper reaches of Songhua River,China

The distribution characteristics of methyl mercury in Rana chensinensis and water, sediment and soil in gold-mining areas of the upper reaches of the Songhua River, China were studied by field sampling and laboratory testing. The results show that the methyl mercury contents in water, sediment and soil in gold-mining areas are much higher than those in the control site, indicating that gold-mining activities intensify the methyl mercury pollution in the study area. Methyl mercury contents are in a descending order of sediment > soil > water in the environment, and in a descending order of brain > viscera > muscle > skin in Rana chensinensis. There are significant correlation between methyl mercury contents in Rana chensinensis and those in water and sediment. In particular, the methyl mercury content in the skin of Rana chensinensis is positively correlated with those in water and sediment in spring. Therefore, skin is one of main intake pathways for methyl mercury due to its high permeability.     

ATMOSPHERIC PROFILER AND PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON THE MONITORING OF DISASTROUS WEATHER

Outlined in this paper are main technical specifications of the first profiler developed in China. The profileris composed of a UHF Doppler radar for wind measurement and a microwave radiometer, and preliminarilyapplied in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei base of monitoring disastrous weather in 1989—1990. This paper presentsthe preliminary and valuable results obtained by the instrument in the monitoring of severe storm generating andevolution, showing the potential of this instrument in weather monitoring.     

数字及模拟地震观测中的台基噪声评价指标

研究了模拟、数字地震观测中评价台基噪声的不同指标;提出用噪声包络幅度作为背景噪声的统计特征量;得到了位移、速度、加速度噪声的包络幅度与峰值放大倍率之间的对应关系;阐明了用数字记录的包络振幅估算峰值放大倍率的方法。     

2D地震数据规则化中随机稀疏采样方案

地震数据规则化是地震信号处理中一个重要步骤,近年来受到广泛关注的压缩感知技术已经被应用到地震数据规则化中。压缩感知技术突破了传统的Shannon-Nyqiust采样定理的限制,可以用采集的少量地震数据重构完整数据。基于压缩感知技术的地震数据规则化质量主要受三个因素影响,除了受地震信号在不同变换域的稀疏表达和11范数重构算法的影响外,极大地取决于地震道随机稀疏采样方式。尽管已有学者开展了2D地震数据离散均匀分布随机采样方式研究,但设计新的稀疏采样方案仍然很有必要。在本文中,我们提出满足Bernoulli分布规律的Bernoulli随机稀疏采样方式和它的抖动形式。对2D数值模拟数据进行四种随机稀疏采样方案和两种变换（Fourier变换和Curvelet变换）实验,对获取的不完整数据应用11范数谱投影梯度算法（SPGL1）进行重构。考虑到不同随机种子点产生不同约束矩阵R会有不同的规则化质量,对每种方案和每个稀疏采样因子进行10次规则化实验,并计算出相应信噪比（SNR）的平均值和标准偏差。实验结果表明,我们提出的新方案好于或等于已有的离散均匀分布采样方案。     

天山巴音布鲁克草原植被变化及其与气候因子的关系

利用1982-2000年逐月NOAA/AVHRR NDVI的时间序列数据,分析了天山巴音布鲁克草原植被覆盖的动态变化及其与降水、气温、浅层地温等气候因子的关系。结果表明：近20 a来巴音布鲁克草原植被覆盖面积总体上呈现增加趋势,生态环境有所改善。同时,生长季（4-9月）NDVI与降水、气温和浅层地温的相关分析表明, 气温和浅层地温是影响巴音布鲁克草原植被生长的两个重要因子。     

青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩地球化学特征及其大地构造意义

羌塘中部榴辉岩主要呈透镜状、块状产于石榴子石白云母片岩中,均为低温型榴辉岩。榴辉岩SiO2为45.83%～48.94%,Na2O+K2O为1.88%～3.91%,Al2O3为10.34%～15.02%,TiO2含量变化较大,大致可分为中Ti和高Ti两种类型,变化范围分别为1.62%～1.87%和3.96%～4.82%。榴辉岩的原岩主要为拉斑玄武岩,部分样品具有碱性玄武岩的特征。原岩为拉斑玄武岩的样品大多具有中等TiO2含量和不明显的Eu异常、较缓的右倾稀土元素配分模式特征,在大量判别图解上均投在MORB和E-MORB区域,稀土元素标准化配分模式和微量元素蛛网图特征与典型的E-MORB相似而与N-MORB差别很大,其原岩很可能形成于E-MORB环境;少量原岩为碱性玄武岩的样品TiO2含量高、具有相对其他样品更高的∑REE和∑LREE含量,在大量判别图解上均投在OIB区域,其原岩可能形成于OIB环境。羌塘中部榴辉岩和区域内二叠纪蛇绿岩具有相似的地球化学特征,可能是其俯冲消减的产物;样品同时具备E-MORB和OIB的特征,说明古特提斯洋在漫长的演化过程中可能存在地幔柱岩浆和正常洋中脊亏损地幔岩浆的相互作用。     

基于Surpac的铜陵新桥矿床露天开采境界优化

矿床的境界优化就是要设计一个最为接近理想状态的模型,使矿山企业利润最大化,在满足经济和边坡角几何约束的条件下,设计一个最终开采境界.基于三维地质矿业软件,可以将三维可视化技术与矿床的后期开采、生产进度编排进行紧密的结合,完成矿体形态与工程实体的衔接,其不同于传统境界优化的方法,可以在三维空间内进行境界优化的应用和研究.本研究选取SURPAC三维地质矿业软件系统,结合铜陵新桥矿床的实际需求,基于三维数字矿山模型,使用L-G算法规范的数学逻辑结构对露天采场进行境界优化.其结果可以为扩大经济效益提供详实的数据基础,并为新桥矿床开展更为合理的开采生产安排提出合理化建议.     

Three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing and its application in long span hangars

Based on the seismic response characteristics of space frame structures,a new type of seismic isolation bearing defined as a three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing(3DSIB) is developed in this paper.The bearing offers excellent properties such as multi-dimensional seismic isolation,reasonable rotation capability,good ability to resist lifting load,uncoupled stiffness in horizontal and vertical directions,etc.In the 3DSIB,the horizontal dimension is designed by combining the Teflon sliding device and helical spring,while the vertical dimension is developed by introducing disk springs or helical springs.The mathematical model of the 3DSIB was established and its performance with the critical parameters was tested on a shaking table.Furthermore,the 3DSIB was applied in a 120 m span hangar structure and simulated using SAP2000 software to evaluate its performance in practical structures.The performance of the structures with and without 3DSIB was compared.It is shown that the hangar structure with 3D bearings achieves a better performance.The axial force and acceleration response of the structures with 3DSIB are effectively reduced,while the displacement response of the bearing is within the predetermined range.