统计方法与淹没模型结合的山洪灾害风险评估方法及其应用

本文针对有水位资料,但没有流量观测的流域,同时又有历史罕见洪水记载、流域断面洪水警戒水位和自动站记载的近年几次小洪水过程,采用统计分析方法确定雨 洪关系,得到致灾临界雨量;再应用淹没模型模拟洪水淹没情况,得到洪水的风险等级评估。通过对历史特大山洪个例的淹没反演,可以看到由数理统计与淹没模型相结合的方法确定出的山洪风险等级,与实际情况基本相符。由于洪水记载和考察资料,往往对洪水淹没的高度记录准确,而对发生的具体时间通常是模糊的,本文得到的临界雨量指标是否能够预见洪水需要实例检验。通过2012年前汛期强降水过程的检验,虽然预警了低风险洪水事件,但是风险发生时间有差异,经过合理调整低风险临界雨量,满足了能够预见洪水的目的。对于其他等级的临界雨量的检验,有待于日后更多的实例,进行合理的调整,逐步完善翠江流域的山洪临界雨量指标。     

一种载人小行星探测轨道优化设计方法

给出了一种基于变比冲核电推进载人飞船探测小行星的轨道优化设计方法.首先基于双脉冲单圈Lambert轨道转移,对地球出发段和返回段进行搜索剪枝,再从两个可行区域中优选最佳飞行路径.设定"推进-滑行-推进"的分段飞行策略,以工质消耗最少为指标,利用混合法优化核电推进飞行轨迹,最后以分段优化参数为初值,基于整体任务约束将全飞行过程转化为非线性优化问题,将各飞行段进行拼接,获得整体参数优化解,并给出了数值和图形结果.     

多星混合资料的定轨

在空间目标光学观测资料定轨中常常会遇到多个目标的观测被标记为同一个目标的情况,由于包含了多个目标的数据,定轨过程无法收敛或者完全错误.从极大似然估计角度,采用EM(Expectation Maximum)方法提出一种将轨道改进和识别过程相互融合的处理方法,并在具体实现过程中给出一种稳健估计方法.数值模拟表明方法简便、有效、可行.采用站间差历元差的手段,对当前电离层变化值进行求解与预测,可以将电离层延时误差的变化控制在一定范围,满足频率传递的要求.     

A new lunar absolute control point: established by images from the landing camera on Chang'e-3

The establishment of a lunar control network is one of the core tasks in selenodesy, in which defining an absolute control point on the Moon is the most important step. However, up to now, the number of absolute control points has been very sparse. These absolute control points have mainly been lunar laser ranging retroreflectors, whose geographical location can be observed by observations on Earth and also identified in high resolution lunar satellite images. The Chang'e-3(CE-3) probe successfully landed on the Moon, and its geographical location has been monitored by an observing station on Earth. Since its positional accuracy is expected to reach the meter level, the CE-3 landing site can become a new high precision absolute control point. We use a sequence of images taken from the landing camera, as well as satellite images taken by CE-1 and CE-2, to identify the location of the CE-3 lander. With its geographical location known, the CE-3 landing site can be established as a new absolute control point, which will effectively expand the current area of the lunar absolute control network by 22%, and can greatly facilitate future research in the field of lunar surveying and mapping, as well as selenodesy.     

Data processing and initial results from the CE-3 Extreme Ultraviolet Camera

The Extreme Ultraviolet Camera(EUVC) onboard the Chang'e-3(CE-3)lander is used to observe the structure and dynamics of Earth's plasmasphere from the Moon. By detecting the resonance line emission of helium ions(He+) at 30.4 nm, the EUVC images the entire plasmasphere with a time resolution of 10 min and a spatial resolution of about 0.1 Earth radius(RE) in a single frame. We first present details about the data processing from EUVC and the data acquisition in the commissioning phase, and then report some initial results, which reflect the basic features of the plasmasphere well. The photon count and emission intensity of EUVC are consistent with previous observations and models, which indicate that the EUVC works normally and can provide high quality data for future studies.     

地下工程测量课程教学改革的探讨

根据测绘专业的人才培养目标,结合地下工程测量发展情况,对地下工程测量课程在教学内容、课程体系、教学环节、教学方法等方面的改革进行了探讨,指出该课程教学改革中所存在的问题并提出自己的观点。     

浅谈磁带存储技术在数字国土资源资料备份中的应用

国土资源资料管理部门存储了大量的计算机数据 ,这些数据信息 ,时刻都面临着病毒、系统故障、人为因素、灾害等种种潜在的威胁 ,只有定期进行备份才能将所有威胁拒之门外。数字国土资源资料理想的备份方案是一种容量大、具有先进的自动管理功能、价格又相对较低的设备。通过比较 ,无论是采用硬盘技术还是采用光盘技术 ,都不很适宜进行备份 ,只有磁带技术才真正适合于备份     

激光时间传递技术的进展

激光时间传递技术是通过激光脉冲在空间的传播来实现地面与卫星时钟或地球上远距离两地时钟的同步，它具有很高的准确度和稳定度。一些国家已经成功进行了激光时间传递的试验，结果证明利用激光进行时钟之间的同步是有效可行的。介绍国内外已有的激光时间传递试验的情况和结果，重点介绍美国地面与机载原子钟之间的激光时间比对，以及法国的LASSO(LAser Synchronization from Stationary Orbit)和T2L2(Time Transfer by Laser Link)计划。     

对广东省高校教师工资统发工作的思考

分析了广东省高校教师工资统发过程中存在统发工资与地方保险局扣缴的养老金无法达到一致、统发工资与地方税务局扣缴的个人所得税的起征标准不一致、后勤改革与工资统发尚不配套、人事分配制度改革与统发工资尚不配套等问题 ,提出了解决问题的建议与对策     

REDUCED GROWTH IN HYBRID TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS MOSSAMBICUS×O. NILOTICUS) AT INTERMEDIATE STOCKING DENSITY

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