黄河入海口壬基酚污染分布特征

黄河口表、底层水体和沉积物中壬基酚的浓度分布特征研究结果表明,表层水体中壬基酚浓度为15.7~148.6 ng/L,平均值为47.5 ng/L;底层水体中壬基酚浓度为15.8~52.7ng/L,平均值为31.0 ng/L;表层沉积物中壬基酚浓度为2.31~5.47 ng/g,平均浓度为3.87ng/g。黄河口水体中壬基酚浓度呈现由河道向出海口外逐渐降低的趋势;河道中表层沉积物壬基酚含量高于出海口外。黄河口水体中壬基酚浓度低于文献中报道的海河口水体中的浓度,表层沉积物中壬基酚含量低于珠江口文献报道值。水体中壬基酚浓度超过抑制藤壶附着浓度(10 ng/L),河道最上游的站点水体中的浓度超过影响太平洋牡蛎幼苗的发育并增加幼苗死亡率的浓度(100 ng/L)。     

一种改进的图像边缘检测算法

对传统的微分边缘检测算法的缺陷进行分析和评价,并针对微分边缘检测算法的缺陷,提出了一种改进的边缘检测算法。新算法摈弃了传统边缘检测算法中将每个像素单独进行考虑的模式,而是将待检测像素及与其相邻的像素作为一个整体来考虑,通过将待检测像素为中心的某个领域进行整体计算,得出能够反映这个领域性质的某些参数,并以此作为边缘检测的判据,进行检测。此算法充分考虑到了中心像素与周围像素之间的关系,从而增加了梯度运算的可靠性。实验表明：新算法能够检测到更细的边缘,并且在椒盐噪声的情况下要优于常用的微分边缘检测算法。     

Environmental evolution of Gongwang Mountains during Holocene in northeastern Yunnan, China

This paper presents the study on two continuous glacio-lacustrine sedimentary deposits, Laotanfang (3 597 m) and Shibantang (3 689 m) located on the southern and northern sides of Hulifang peak in Yunan, China. Environmental change indexes are constructed for each deposit, based on grain size, geochemical and pollen analysis, environmental magnetic susceptibility, and 14C dating. The study of climatic environmental change since the Holocene epoch in this region shows that the climate fluctuated at different stages during the early Holocene, that is, the climate was cool and wet during 8 4-7 7 ka, cold and wet during 7 7-6 5 ka, cold and dry during 6 5-4 7 ka, cool and wet during 4 7-2 1 ka, warm and wet during 2 1-1 0 ka, and warmer and wet since 1 ka. These findings reflect the overlapping influences of the southwest and southeast monsoons in different times during the Holocene in the north part of southwestern China are in accord with other Holocene climate change models in this part of China.     

环渤海三省一市溶解态无机氮容量总量控制

对溶解无机氮(DIN)容量总量控制实施的具体原理和方法进行了研究.1979～2005年渤海DIN排海通量总体上呈"N"形变化趋势,年均入海通量34×104 t/a.基于多介质海洋环境中的迁移-转化箱式模型,推算出在Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类和Ⅳ类海水水质标准下渤海DIN极小海洋环境容量分别为(22,29,38,47)×104 t/a.分配容量优化结果表明,在在国家Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类海水水质标准条件下,2010年辽宁、河北、天津和山东三省一市DIN排放量均超过其最大允许排放量,均需不同程度的削减,平均削减预计排放量的37%和29%.     

Molecular phylogenetic analysis of attached Ulvaceae species and free-floating Enteromorpha from Qingdao coasts in 2007

Based on the sequence data of the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS) 1,5.8 S,and ITS 2,the molecular phylogeny was analyzed on Ulvaceae species collected from Qingdao coasts in summer of 2007,including 15 attached Ulva and Enteromorpha samples from 10 locations and 10 free-floating Enteromorpha samples from seven locations.The result supported the monophyly of all free-floating Enteromorpha samples,implying the unialgal composition of the free-floating Enteromorpha,and the attached Ulvaceae species from Qingdao coasts were grouped into other five clades,suggesting that they were not the biogeographic origin of the free-floating Enteromorpha in that season.     

Environmental evolution of Gongwang Mountains during Holocene in northeastern Yunnan, China

This paper presents the study on two continuous glacio-lacustrine sedimentary deposits, Laotanfang （3 597 m） and Shibantang （3 689 m） located on the southern and northern sides of Hulifang peak in Yunan, China. Environmental change indexes are constructed for each deposit, based on grain size, geochemical and pollen analysis, environmental magnetic susceptibility, and 14C dating. The study of climatic environmental change since the Holocene epoch in this region shows that the climate fluctuated at different stages during the early Holocene, that is, the climate was cool and wet during 8.4-7. 7r ka, cold and wet during 7.7-6. 5 ka, cold and dry during 6. 5-4.7 ka, cool and wet during 4.7-2. 1 ka, warm and wet during 2. 1-1.0 ka, and warmer and wet since 1 ka. These findings reflect the overlapping influences of the southwest and southeast monsoons in different times during the Holocene in the north part of southwestern China are in accord with other Holocene climate change models in this part of China.     

高程基面问题浅议

介绍国内现存的几种高程基面,分析工程中使用高程基面时存在的问题,提出测量系统规范化、标准化的紧迫性和必要性。     

GIS中位置关系的定性描述及其推理

位置关系的定性描述是指用方向关系和定性距离描述目标对象相对于参照物的位置关系的方法.此处的研究重点是采用基于投影的方向关系和定性距离建立位置关系定性描述模型,推导了位置关系的描述公式,并根据该公式研究位置关系的定性推理,用MATLAB语言模拟了位置关系定性推理.研究中,以相邻定性距离的距离范围之比k=5为例,取ε≤1/k2,则只要δi/δj≤ε,就有δi±δj≈δj.实际上,位置关系的定性推理结果与具体的k值无关.     

EXERCISE IN DOWNSCALING ON SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ALONG CHINESE COAST

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｍｏｎｓｏｏｎｈａｓａｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎｆｅａｔｕｒｅｔｈａｔｉｓｐｌａｎｅｔａｒｙｉｎｓｃａｌｅａｎｄａｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉａｂｌｅｓｉｇｎａｌｒｅｇａｒｄｉｎｇｉｔｓｓｕｂｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｙｓｏｍｅｎｉｎｅｍｏｎｔｈｓｐｒｉｏｒｔｏｔｈｅａｃｔｉｖｅｓｔａｇｅｏｆｔｈｅｓｕｍｍｅｒｍｏｎｓｏｏｎ(ＷｅｂｓｔｅｒａｎｄＹａｎｇ,1992).Ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｍｏｒｅ,ｔｈｅｍａｇｎｉｔｕｄｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｎｓｏｏｎｖａｒｉａｂｉｌｉｔｙｉｓｓｕｂｓｔａｎｔｉａ…     

京津冀协同治理的回顾与前瞻

京津冀区域治理是伴随三地协作发展的进程,从政府层面的管制转向各利益主体协调治理,从自上而下的竞争合作转向上下结合的协同合作的一系列有效应对举措。经过30多年的努力,学界和政府部门已经形成了较为丰富的京津冀区域治理研究成果。通过梳理自1984年以来相关区域的研究,尝试从时空维度厘清京津冀区域治理的研究脉络及其变化,剖析目前京津冀区域治理所涉及的治理模式、协调体系、以及形成的发展策略,为改进和提高京津冀区域治理效果提供参考。京津冀协同治理过程是学术界与政府的互动融合过程,其中政府的作用居主导地位。未来将在治理主体、治理机制、治理效果评价和文化、医疗、养老等领域的协调发展方面得到深化和细化。