模糊地理实体不确定性综合描述研究

从二型模糊的角度讨论了模糊地理实体的不确定性,基于空间数据的位置误差,利用模糊集的λ-截集和圆误差带模型推导了模糊地理实体隶属度的误差模型,并给出了隶属度不确定性的度量方法,提出了用隶属度误差立方体来综合描述模糊点的不确定性。     

一种改进的图像边缘检测算法

对传统的微分边缘检测算法的缺陷进行分析和评价,并针对微分边缘检测算法的缺陷,提出了一种改进的边缘检测算法。新算法摈弃了传统边缘检测算法中将每个像素单独进行考虑的模式,而是将待检测像素及与其相邻的像素作为一个整体来考虑,通过将待检测像素为中心的某个领域进行整体计算,得出能够反映这个领域性质的某些参数,并以此作为边缘检测的判据,进行检测。此算法充分考虑到了中心像素与周围像素之间的关系,从而增加了梯度运算的可靠性。实验表明：新算法能够检测到更细的边缘,并且在椒盐噪声的情况下要优于常用的微分边缘检测算法。     

用同相叠加方法识别定点形变数据中的降雨影响

分别以昆明台、云龙台为例,用数据同相位叠加的方法分别对形变数据中的典型图像及其对应时段的降雨数据进行叠加,以判断典型图像是否与降雨有关。结果表明,昆明台形变观测中多次出现的同步转折为降雨影响;而云龙台的转折现象则与降雨无关,其来源及属性需要进一步研究。     

场认知方式、性别和惯用空间语对地理空间定向能力影响的实验研究

目前人们对空间定向能力影响因素的研究多关注性别与空间定向能力的关系,较少涉及场认知方式、惯用空间语等因素对空间定向能力的影响。本文以空间认知眼动实验的方式展开研究,通过国内版镶嵌图形测验（EFT）、问卷调查等途径获取被试的场认知方式、性别和惯用空间语等基本信息,使其在控制单一环境变量的虚拟三维空间中完成不同难度的定向任务。进而构建正确率和效率2个指标来衡量空间定向能力,通过统计分析确定空间定向能力的影响因素。研究结果表明：（1）不同场认知方式和不同惯用空间语人群的定向正确率和效率差异统计结果均不显著,场认知方式和惯用空间语对空间定向能力无显著影响;（2）不同性别人群之间定向效率无显著差异而正确率存在显著差异,性别对空间定向能力具有显著影响,男性的空间定向能力较女性更强。     

Compression characteristics of saturated re-compacted glacial tills in Tianmo Gully of Tibet,China

Glacial tills are highly compressible soils composed of loosely cemented sandy silt particles. Their role, for instance, as initial filler materials in geo-technical projects along temperate glacier regions warrant a systematic evaluation of their compressive characteristics. As such, we carry out a series of onedimensional compression tests on re-compacted glacial till samples obtained from Tianmo Gully, Tibet, with the aims of evaluating their compressive behavior under controlled initial stress conditions. The yield stress was determined from the void ratio versus consolidation pressure(e-log) planes. Its compression and swelling behaviors were observed during the primary and secondary compressions of the consolidation tests. From the compression curves, a correlation can be found between the consolidation stress and the void index. In addition, we find that the compression curves of glacial tills collapse into a single curve when normalized by the compression index. The experimental results in this study provide a basic understanding of the compression characteristics of the glacial tills in Tibet, China.     

Effect of carbon and nitrogen ratio control on Artemia growth,water quality,biofloc microbial diversity under high salinity and zero-water exchange culture condition

Biofloc technology has been applied successfully in the intensive aquaculture of several fish and shrimp species.The growth of heterotrophic microorganisms can be stimulated through adding extra carbon,which reduces the nitrogen level in the water and provides microbial protein to the animals.However,most of the studies and practical applications have been conducted in freshwater and marine environment.This paper focused on brine shrimp Artemia that lives in high salinity environment together with other halophilic or halotolerant microorganisms.The effect of carbon supplementation on Artemia growth,water quality,and microbial diversity of bioflocs was studied in the closed culture condition without any water exchange.The salinity of the culture medium was 100.A 24-d culture trial was conducted through supplementing sucrose at carbon/nitrogen(C/N)ratio of 5,15,and 30(Su5,Sul5,and Su30),respectively.The culture without adding sucrose was used as a control.Artemia was fed formulated feed at a feeding ration of 60% recommended feeding level.The results showed that sucrose supplementation at higher C/N ratio(15 and 30)significantly improved the Artemia survival,growth and water quality(P0.05).Addition of sucrose at C/N ratio of 15 and 30 significantly increased biofloc volume(BFV)(P0.05).The Illumina MiSeq sequencing analysis showed that supplementing carbon at C/N ratio of 15 had a better total bacterial diversity and richness,and shaped the microbial composition at genera level.This study should provide information for studying the mechanism of biofloc technology and its application in high salinity culture conditions.     

滑坡变形预测灰色神经网络耦合模型的构建及适用性分析

结合灰色模型和神经网络的数据处理特点,提出串联、并联和混联式3种结构的灰色神经网络滑坡变形预测模型。串联式将滑坡变形位移时序分解为趋势项和随机项,采用灰色模型提取滑坡位移时序趋势,利用神经网络逼近随机波动;并联式以灰色模型和神经网络分别对滑坡预测,采用智能非线性组合,按照预测目标精度动态调整权重,从而获取最终组合预测结果;混联式通过增加灰白化层及灰模型群,对神经网络拓扑结构进行优化,达到弱化滑坡原始监测数据随机性、提高预测模型稳健性的目的。将3种模型应用于古树屋滑坡变形预测,并对其适用性进行讨论。结果表明,3种结构的灰色神经网络耦合模型均提高了预测精度,适用于复杂状况下滑坡体的变形预测。     

中国区域近地面CO2时空分布特征研究

本文利用2009年6月至2010年5月日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（JAXA）、日本环境署（MOE）与日本环境研究（NIES）所等联合开发的全球首颗专用温室气体观测卫星“呼吸号”（GOSAT）上的被动红外探测器（TANSO）官方反演的近地面975hPa左右的CO₂浓度L4B数据产品,采用ArcGIS地统计分析方法,对比瓦里关全球大气本底站地面观测数据进行真实性检验,分析中国区域近地面CO₂浓度分布的时空变化特征。结果表明：中国区域近地面CO₂浓度空间分布集中,东高西低,差异显著;CO₂浓度具有明显的季节变化特征,月平均浓度4月份（春季）升至最高,7月份（夏季）降至最低。结合“中国统计年鉴2012”中的2009年人口密度、能源消费总量（煤）和GDP等辅助数据对比发现：导致中国近地面CO₂浓度空间分布规律的原因多种多样,不可轻易定论是人为或自然使然,需进一步深入研究。     

浅谈磁带存储技术在数字国土资源资料备份中的应用

国土资源资料管理部门存储了大量的计算机数据 ,这些数据信息 ,时刻都面临着病毒、系统故障、人为因素、灾害等种种潜在的威胁 ,只有定期进行备份才能将所有威胁拒之门外。数字国土资源资料理想的备份方案是一种容量大、具有先进的自动管理功能、价格又相对较低的设备。通过比较 ,无论是采用硬盘技术还是采用光盘技术 ,都不很适宜进行备份 ,只有磁带技术才真正适合于备份     

REDUCED GROWTH IN HYBRID TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS MOSSAMBICUS×O. NILOTICUS) AT INTERMEDIATE STOCKING DENSITY

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