Comparative Study of Acid and Alkaline Stimulants with Granite in an Enhanced Geothermal System

The Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) is an artificial geothermal system that aims to economically extract heat from hot dry rock (HDR) through the creation of an artificial geothermal reservoir. Chemical stimulation is thought to be an effective method to create fracture networks and open existing fractures in hot dry rocks by injecting chemical agents into the reservoir to dissolve the minerals. Granite is a common type of hot dry rock. In this paper, a series of chemical stimulation experiments were implemented using acid and alkaline agents under high temperature and pressure conditions that mimic the environment of formation. Granite rock samples used in the experiments are collected from the potential EGS reservoir in the Matouying area, Hebei, China. Laboratory experimental results show that the corrosion ratio per unit area of rock is 3.2% in static acid chemical experiments and 0.51% in static alkaline chemical experiments. The permeability of the core is increased by 1.62 times in dynamic acid chemical experiments and 2.45 times in dynamic alkaline chemical experiments. A scanning electron microscope analysis of the core illustrates that secondary minerals, such as chlorite, spherical silica, and montmorillonite, were formed, due to acid-rock interaction with plagioclase being precipitated by alkaline-rock interactions. Masking agents in alkaline chemical agents can slightly reduce the degree of plagioclase formation. A chemical simulation model was built using TOUGHREACT, the mineral dissolution and associated ion concentration variation being reproduced by this reactive transport model.     

粤中从化地区佛冈岩基白垩纪花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学特征

LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,粤中从化地区发育一套白垩纪花岗岩,其形成时代为～145 Ma,属佛冈岩基的一部分.地球化学研究表明,花岗岩的SiO2含量为71.9％～77.72％(平均74.89％),Al2O3含量为12.17％～14.42％(平均13.24％),A/CNK为1.31～1.49(平均1.4),ALK全碱指数7.92～9.15(平均8.5),为过铝质高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩.它们的稀土元素总量(ΣREE)为(128.8～393.8)×10-6,Eu具负异常,δEu值为0.1～0.4,LREE/HREEE值为2.2～13.3;具有富集Rb、U、La、Nd、Sm和Lu,强列亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、P和Ti等元素特点.元素地球化学特征显示其为高分异I型花岗岩,可能是在高温条件下幔源物质诱导下地壳部分熔融后引发古老地壳杂砂-泥质源岩部分熔融而形成.综合区域地质资料分析,从化地区白垩纪花岗岩可能形成于古太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲的陆缘弧构造环境.     

Spatially uniform specific discharge from headwater to river basins on the Chinese Loess Plateau

Hydrogeology Journal - Although there is a general consensus that spatial heterogeneity is ubiquitous in hydrological responses, it is common practice to assume a constant specific discharge among...     

辽宁本溪牛毛岭马家沟组顶部剖面微相分析与沉积环境

牛毛岭马家沟组顶部剖面位于本溪国家地质公园牛毛岭景区的东部.通过对碳酸盐岩的微相分析,恢复了马家沟组顶部剖面沉积环境并总结了沉积环境变化规律.依据标本研究划分出14种微相类型,包括1种风暴岩微相类型、9种缓坡微相类型、3种标准微相类型和1种自定义微相类型.此剖面自下而上划分为3个低能型向上变浅潮缘旋回.旋回一的沉积环境由内缓坡的潮缘或潟湖,至沙滩和沙堤,至潮汐水道的潮缘;旋回二沉积环境由局限或开放的内缓坡,至潮缘的浅潮下带和个别层位的潮间、潮上带;旋回三最为典型,沉积环境由灰色灰岩的中缓坡,至潮缘,再到黄色调碳酸盐岩的潮缘浅潮下带,至潮间、潮上带的蒸发潟湖,至干旱气候下潮间、潮上带的蒸发海岸.推断染色的Fe³⁺和黏土矿物为陆源,此剖面点处是碳酸盐岩孤岛（洲）的潮缘环境.     

利用废弃地下空间建设战略原油储备库的构想

当前各国原油储库主要分为地面储库、地下盐穴储库和地下水封洞窟3种类型.根据我国实际情况分析,这3种类型储库均难以在我国推广.通过分析中国东北地区现有废弃矿山情况,结合地下原油储库的工程技术条件,提出了利用废弃矿山改造地下空间,用以建设战略原油储库的构想.建议尽快开展东北地区废弃矿山地下空间综合调查工作,启动相关地下油气储库封闭实验等测试研究工作.     

九寨沟“8.8”地震背景下火花海钙华坝体无损探测分析

为研究震后九寨沟钙华景区的溶洞、裂隙、暗流等地质特性,丰富钙华景区岩溶洞穴无损探测技术,探讨了多物探技术在多孔疏松钙华地区作业的可靠性。首次运用地质雷达法及高密度电法相结合的无损探测技术,在九寨沟景区火花海特定区域进行了现场勘查和无损探测试验。结合对比两种无损探测成果与测区内出露地质剖面3组勘探数据,结果发现:高密度电法与地质雷达法相结合,两者能优劣互补,相互佐证,在解决钙华区域浅部溶洞、暗流、裂隙等工作中,对探测目标体具有极高的识别度。两种方法探测数据与震后出露剖面地质特征保持极高的一致性,验证了两种无损检测方法在多孔疏松介质条件下数据的真实可靠性,解决了多物探技术在多孔疏松介质地区施工的疑点和难点,丰富了工程物探领域技术。      

贵州省石漠化治理中的县域冲突

贵州石漠化治理中产生的县域冲突主要表现为:一是原本需要进行一体化治理的区域被不同行政归属的县域分割,导致无法进行协调治理;二是同一水系的不同县域由于利益分配格局导致的石漠化治理冲突;三是在分属不同政区的县域边界地带形成“边缘治理区”,石漠化治理未得到重视或者被忽略。探究其产生原因为:一是自然地理空间分割造成的区域碎片化;二是“犬牙交错、山川形便”行政区划分原则形成的土地碎片化;三是行政区分割导致的治理差异化,包括治理重视度的差异,治理理念的差异,行政能力的差异,资源、要素的投入差异,行政考核制度的刚性制约等。基于此,建议更多从人文地理视角的区域合作、上级协调、利益共享等方面去着手解决,包括行政区治理向经济区治理的转变,单县治理向多县合作治理的转变,单县考核验收向片区考核验收的转变,适时合理推进县域边界优化调整,特别是遍布飞地和插花地的碎片化区域。