华南前寒武系基底变质杂岩和中-新生代地幔岩的稀有气体同位素组成及其大地构造意义

对华南前寒武系变质岩浆杂岩稀有气体He、Ne、Ar和Xe的系统研究表明:扬子克拉通基底为含高3He的下地壳"原始岩石层",(3He/4He)×10-6比值为2.8～4.6;而华夏板块基底变质岩浆杂岩则是在缺乏3He、低(3He/4He)×10-8比值(3.15～17.7)的构造环境下形成的大陆中-上地壳变质岩浆杂岩层,反映出两者基底性质迥然不同。华南中-新生代爆破岩筒He同位素组成相反,相对稳定的扬子克拉通(3He/4He)×10-8比值仅0.18～4.22,而郯庐—四会—吴川断裂以东,中-新生代活动地块(太平洋构造域)(3He/4He)×10-8比值高达3.7～20.5。He同位素表明郯庐—四会—吴川断裂带为切割深至地幔的边界深大断裂,是扬子克拉通与华夏板块间的边界且控制了燕山期火山—侵入岩浆向西扩展。Ar同位素组成表明华南大陆中-新生代地幔形成接近"均一"的地幔组份。136Xe/130Xe—129Xe/130Xe相关组份表明它们具有地幔柱岩石同位素组成特征。     

肽聚糖对鲈鱼生长和非特异性免疫力的影响

以初始体重(5.50±1.63) g的鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicus)为研究对象,研究饲料中添加肽聚糖对其生长和非特异性免疫力的影响.在配合饲料中分别加入0 mg/kg,100 mg/kg和500 mg/kg的肽聚糖制成3种等氮等能(蛋白42%,脂肪11%)的实验饲料,进行为期8周的摄食生长实验.实验结果表明,饲料中添加不同剂量的肽聚糖对鲈鱼的成活率无显著影响,但却显著影响其生长.当饲料中添加500 mg/kg肽聚糖时,鲈鱼的特定生长率显著高于对照组(0 mg/kg)和低添加量组(0 mg/kg)(P<0.01).当饲料中肽聚糖添加量为500 mg/kg时,鲈鱼白细胞的吞噬指数、血清溶菌酶活力均显著高于对照组和低添加量组(P<0.01).当饲料中肽聚糖添加量为100 mg/kg时,鲈鱼血清替代途径补体活力显著高于对照组,但却显著低于高添加量组(500 mg/kg)(P<0.01).攻毒实验结果表明,饲料中添加500 mg/kg肽聚糖能显著提高鲈鱼对哈维氏菌的抵抗能力.本研究结果表明,随着饲料中肽聚糖添加量的升高,鲈鱼的生长和非特异性免疫力均显著上升.     

Human settlement evaluation in mountain areas based on remote sensing, GIS and ecological niche modeling

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the world’s highest and largest plateau. Due to increasing demands for environment exploration and tourism, a large transitional area is required for altitude adaptation. Hehuang valley, which locates in the transition zone between the Loess Plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, has convenient transportation and relatively low elevation. Our question is whether the geographic conditions here are appropriate for adapted stay before going into the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Therefore, in this study, we examined the potential use of ecological niche modeling (ENM) for mapping current and potential distribution patterns of human settlements. We chose the Maximum Entropy Method (Maxent), an ENM which integrates climate, remote sensing and geographical data, to model distributions and assess land suitability for transition areas. After preprocessing and selection, the correlation between variables and spatial autocorrelation input data were removed and 106 occurrence points and 9 environmental layers were determined as the model inputs. The threshold-independent model performance was reasonable according to 10 times model running, with the area under the curve (AUC) values being 0.917 ± 0.01, and 0.923 ± 0.002 for test data. Cohen’s kappa coefficient of model performance was 0.848. Results showed that 82.22% of the study extent was not suitable for human settlement. Of the remaining areas, highly suitable areas accounted for 1.19%, moderately for 5.3% and marginally for 11.28%. These suitable areas totaled 418.79 km², and 86.25% of the sample data was identified in the different gradient of suitable area. The decisive environmental factors were slope and two climate variables: mean diurnal temperature range and temperature seasonality. Our model showed a good performance in mapping and assessing human settlements. This study provides the first predicted potential habitat distribution map for human settlement in Ledu County, which could also help in land use management.     

基于气象站资料的中国地区太阳日辐射量算法研究

现行计算水平面太阳日辐射主要有两种方式:一种是利用影响辐射的相关要素建立模型,另一种是依据实测资料进行空间插值.但后一种方法若要保证精度则需有足够多的样本.针对上述问题,利用我国不同区域67个站点的数据,在VP-RAD模型的基础上,建立了一个适用于中国地区的逐日太阳辐射算法CNR,该算法仅需要输入站点基本信息、最高最低温度和降水量.模拟结果与实际观测结果比较吻合.     

Radon,Lung Cancer Risk and Environmental Geology in Gejiu Area

The incidence of lung cancer in the Gejiu area of Yunnan Province ranks the first in the world.The radon level(indoor,soil) was measured in the Gejiu area by the SSNTD method from 1990 to 1996,The result indicates an extensive high-level of indoor radon in that area though U and Th are lower in local limestones,The indoor radon level of houses located in the geologic fault zone is 6 times high that 2km far from the fault zone.The reason probably is that the radon level of soil in the fault is 6-8 times high that 1 km far from the faults.our data indicate that a lower range of radon levels,0-100Bq.m^-3,exists in healthy families.However,a higher radon level,over 800 Bq.m^-3,is often found corresponding to that of cancer patients‘ homes(the house-owners are suffering from either lung cancer or leukaemia or liver cancer),Obviously,an increase in lung cancer incidence follows an increase in indoor radon level,The risk of cancer induced by indoor radon is no longer an inference,but a fact.     

气候变化背景下珠江流域极端洪水事件的变化趋势

根据1951-2010年珠江流域23个典型断面流量资料,用P-III型分布曲线拟合洪水系列进行频率计算,分析了珠江流域极端洪水事件的变化趋势。结果表明：1980年以来,珠江流域极端洪水事件发生的频次明显增加,尤其是自1990年以来增加趋势显著;1981-2010年较1951-1980年珠江流域约70%典型断面极端洪水事件呈增加趋势,主要分布在西江、北江、粤西;而近30%的典型断面呈减少趋势,主要分布在东江和桂南。     

一种卫星导航抗干扰处理器低功耗设计方法

提出一种适用于全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)智能天线的低功耗抗干扰处理器设计方法. 通过改进GNSS抗干扰架构中混频器的设计,优化掉数字高中频混频器和滤波器. 为进一步降低功耗和硬件资源占用,引入输出双倍速率寄存器(ODDR)技术,实现高中频信号的直接合成. 实验测试结果表明,本设计功耗降低11％,硬件资源减少14％,可应用到GNSS智能天线系统中.      

Microscopic observation of pyrenoids in Order Ulvales (Chlorophyta) collected from Qingdao coast

Pyrenoids found in green algae Order Ulvales have taxonomical significance.Their morphology,microstructure,and the location and number in the cells have been widely used as identification criteria. As these traits can be affected by environmental conditions,it is necessary to look for other different characteristics.Here pyrenoids in several algae species collected along the Qingdao coast were studied for such purpose. The morphology and distribution of pyrenoids in the cells,as well as their change in diff...     

满洲里国家基准站新旧站资料对比分析

满洲里国家基准站搬迁至新站后,根据2010年1-12月新旧自动观测站气温、气压、风向风速、相对湿度、地温等气象要素的观测数据,进行整理,用差值分析法进行对比,并从观测环境的改变、拔海高度、下垫面性质、热岛效应等方面揭示影响新旧站的差异因素。