隧道衬砌厚度不足的健康判据试验研究

针对目前隧道健康诊断指标判据不统一的现状,采用室内相似模型试验,结合实际工程实例,研究了隧道支护结构衬砌减薄状态下围岩与支护结构破坏规律与极限承载能力,得出了隧道支护结构在相应的受力状态下健康状态判据。结果表明：隧道衬砌支护结构的位移特征以拱肩的压入和拱顶的挤出为主,随着拱顶衬砌支护结构减薄量的增加,支护结构衬砌与围岩之间的接触应力逐渐减小,结构的承载能力逐渐下降,隧道拱顶部位的位移增加,其柔性逐渐增大,隧道拱顶内侧被压溃,外侧受到拉力作用而开裂,随后隧道拱腰和边墙出现裂纹,最后逐渐扩展贯通;隧道承载力曲线呈现明显的“S”型,据此可以划分为承载力缓慢退化阶段、快速退化阶段和退化完成阶段,相对应的阶段可以划分为隧道结构的健康等级与级别,为工程应用提供了参考依据     

多种地球化学异常下限确定方法的对比研究

地球化学异常下限值是区分背景区与异常区的基本参数,而异常下限的准确性直接关系到下一步找矿工作的实施。本文以青海省治多县区域1∶1万土壤化探样品中Ag、Cu、Zn、Pb、Bi、Mo、W七种元素为例,使用传统计算方法、85%累计频率法、分形方法对测试数据进行处理,对比研究认为:传统计算方法求得的异常范围小,且较为分散;85%累计频率法与传统方法所得异常下限值比较接近,具有合理性与客观性,相对于传统计算方法,分形方法对弱小异常的识别效果显著,但异常范围过大,给异常查证工作带来难度。确定异常下限值时要研究数据分布模式和地质背景,分析区域地球化学特征差异,应采用多种分析法对比确定合理的异常下限,圈定出有效的异常区。     

Chronological Study of Coal-seam Water and its Implication on Gas Production in the South Qinshui Basin

The knowledge of the residence time of formation water is fundamental to understanding the subsurface flow and hydrological setting. To better identify the origin and evolution of coal seam water and its impact on gas storage and production, this study collected coalbed methane co-produced water in the southeast Qinshui Basin and detected chemical and isotopic compositions, especially 36Cl and 129I concentrations. The calculated tracer ages of 129I (5.2–50.6 Ma) and 36Cl (0.13–0.76 Ma) are significantly younger than the age of coal-bearing formation (Pennsylvanian - Cisuralian), indicating freshwater recharge after coal deposition. The model that utilises 129I/I and 36Cl/Cl ratios to constrain the timing of recharge and the proportion of recharge water reveals that over 60% of pre-anthropogenic meteoric water entered coal seams since 10 Ma and mixed with residue initial deposition water, corresponding to the basin inversion in Cenozoic. The spatial distribution of major ion concentrations reveals the primary recharge pathway for meteoric water from coal outcrops at the eastern margin to the basin center. This study demonstrates the occurrence of higher gas production rates from wells that accept water recharge in recent times and suggests the possible potential of the non-stagnant zones for high gas production.     

凤城市赛马镇风洞洞穴特征及发育基本条件

赛马镇风洞是我国东北规模较大的岩溶洞穴,洞长在2000m以上,已探测长度1265m.风洞具有纵坡降较小、支洞繁多、形态奇异及国内罕见的溶蚀景观“天锅”等特征.岩性、构造、水文地质特征等是控制洞穴发育的基本条件.风洞的发育约始于中更新世40万年前.     

速度传感反馈地震计的参数稳定性分析

从理论上定量分析机械摆和环路滤波等开环诸参数变化对速度传感反馈地震计闭环参数的影响.研究指出,在环路设计中可半自由选取的开环阻尼取值对参数稳定性有重要影响.过大或过小的开环阻尼取值均可能造成参数稳定性急剧变差,影响地震计在只标不调的状况下长期连续稳定工作.     

Rock magnetic properties and palaeomagnetic results of sediments from a stone implement layer in the Bose Basin,Guangxi

Directional samples were taken to study rock magnetism and palaeomagnetic records from the Dong- sheng profile, which is 5 m thick and on the northwest edge of the Bose Basin. Mineralogy and rock magnetism of typical samples indicate that coarse granular titanomagnetite, and fine-grained hematite, superparamagnetic maghemite formed by pedogenesis are in the sediment, which has undergone many transformative processes during different stages of pedogenesis. Parallel samples were taken for thermal demagnetization (TH) (0 to 680℃) and alternating field (AF) demagnetization (0 to 80 mT) respectively. Experimental results of these two kinds of demagnetization illustrate that there are two or more magnetic components in the samples. Intensity of NRM decreases by almost 60% to 90% rapidly when the temperature ranges from 100℃ to 350℃, with a steady magnetic component. It is impossible to analyze the magnetic components at high temperature because those fluctuate widely when the temperature is higher than 400℃. Steady magnetic components from 100℃ to 350℃ indicate that the remanence was mainly carried by fine-grained hematite formed by pedogenesis, reflecting a change in the geomagnetic field while the magnetite was being oxidized into hematite by chemical weathering after deposition. The formative age of the sediments cannot be obtained by magnetic methods in this profile.     

一种新型的建筑物修复或抗震加固方法

叙述了采用高强度纤维／环氧树脂复合材料对建筑物进行修复或抗震加固方法的特点、施工方法,实例表明该方法有广泛的应用前景,指出,该方法对保证人民财产安全及搞好防震减灾工作有积极作用。     

深海平台组块运输船结构及其可靠性研究

根据我国海洋油气开发的需要,研究出一种可用于深海的大型构件、平台组块运输的新型甲板运输船.文中着重对其总纵强度和横向强度进行深入分析,优化出可满足任何海域的结构形式,并在此基础上进行可靠性的研究.     

基于SBAS-InSAR技术与Sentinel-1数据的鹤壁市地面沉降监测与分析

随着经济社会的不断发展,人们对资源的需求也在不断增加.鹤壁市拥有丰富的煤炭资源,同时也是南水北调总干渠所经过的城市,资源的开采和重要基础设施的建设势必会使城市产生地面沉降.本文采用小基线集InSAR技术(SBAS-InSAR)及2017年3月至2020年6月共计97景开源免费的Sentinel-1数据对鹤壁市开展地面沉...     

辽宁省积雪对自动气象站观测地气温差的影响

利用1971—2016年辽宁省61个气象站气温、地表温度、积雪日数和积雪深度资料,分析了积雪的保温作用及其对地气温差的影响。结果表明：更换自动站前后地表温度观测方式的差异导致地气温差显著增大,地气温差的增大程度受所在区域积雪日数、积雪深度的影响显著。在积雪期较长、积雪较厚的地区,积雪引起反照率增大,使得雪面温度降低,导致雪气温差减小,而雪的保温作用使得地气温差显著增大。因此,更换自动站前地（雪）气温差与积雪日数呈显著负相关,而更换自动站后地气温差与积雪日数呈显著正相关。各台站之间地气温差随积雪深度的变化系数差异较大,为0.045~0.858 ℃?cm^-1,在年平均积雪日数＜40 d、年平均极端积雪深度＜10 cm的区域,积雪的保温作用随积雪深度增大而显著增大;在年平均积雪日数＞40 d、年平均极端积雪深度＞10 cm的区域,10 cm以下的积雪对土壤保温作用随积雪深度增大显著,当积雪深度＞10 cm后,其保温作用随积雪深度增大的幅度明显减小。