基于主体人与地学本体的人-地-GIS关系讨论

“人-地-GIS”关系是地理信息科学及相关研究的基础。传统的人-地-GIS双向联系模型正在向以地学本体为核心的本体中心模型演化。通过主体人与客体人的区分,探讨两者在“人-地-GIS”关系中的地位与作用,分析人-地、地-GIS与人-GIS的相关关系。通过地学本体与本体论的分析,讨论地学本体与科学本体、哲学本体论之间的关系,分析地学本体与类、元数据之间的区别与联系。进而构建以地学本体为核心的“人-地-GIS”关系新模型,该模型整体上分为认知与再现两部分,由核心的本体模型及人的认知层、GIS的模型层与“地学”现象及其关系层构成。以主体人的认知为主线,讨论该模型中各模块的功能与相互关系,指出今后的发展方向。     

Study on applying optimal path to land valuation

Introduction Thebasiclandpriceistheaveragepriceofev eryequalparceloreverylandclassspecifiedby thegovernment,accordingtodifferentuseof landsuchascommerce,industry,residence,etc.Asanimportantroleplayingintheurban landpricesystem,thebasiclandpriceinstructs a…     

2-level r-tree index based on spatial grids and Hilbert R-tree

IntroductionSpatial index is the data structure between spatialoperation algorithms and spatial data objects, and itis usually used to improve the efficiency of spatialdata operations. Spatial index is one of the funda-ment techniques to manage the spatia…     

五台山站历史气候资料的均一性分析

介绍了新一代天气雷达实时监测系统的结构模式和功能,通过TCP/IP通信协议的论述、天气雷达信息量和占用信道带宽的估算,证明基于宽带网络系统通信设计的可行性.同时详细分析了CINRAD/SA天气雷达实时监测信息的结构和存放特点,系统地描述天气雷达监测信息获取、传送和入库的方法,并重点介绍如何编制传输和入库软件,利用TCP/IP两种基本协议(TCP和UDP)以及ADO数据库编程技术,在现有的宽带网络基础上,对天气雷达运行状况实现远程实时监测.     

Migration and speciation transformation mechanisms of mercury in undercurrent zones of the Tongguan gold mining area,Shaanxi Loess Plateau and impact on the environment

In order to study the migration and transformation mechanism of Hg content and occurrence form in subsurface flow zone of gold mining area in Loess Plateau and its influence on water environment, the field in-situ infiltration test and laboratory test were carried out in three typical sections of river-side loess, alluvial and proluvial strata in Tongguan gold mining area of Shaanxi Province, and the following results were obtained: (1) The source of Hg in subsurface flow zone is mainly caused by mineral processing activities; (2) the subsurface flow zone in the study area is in alkaline environment, and the residual state, iron and manganese oxidation state, strong organic state and humic acid state of mercury in loess are equally divided in dry and oxidizing environment; mercury in river alluvial or diluvial strata is mainly concentrated in silt, tailings and clayey silt soil layer, and mercury has certain stability, and the form of mercury in loess is easier to transform than the other two media; (3) under the flooding condition, most of mercury is trapped in the silt layer in the undercurrent zone where the sand and silt layers alternate with each other and the river water and groundwater are disjointed, and the migration capacity of mercury is far less than that of loess layer and alluvial layer with close hydraulic connection; (4) infiltration at the flood level accelerates the migration of pollutants to the ground; (5) the soil in the undercurrent zone is overloaded and has seriously exceeded the standard. Although the groundwater monitoring results are safe this time, relevant enterprises or departments should continue to pay attention to improving the gold extraction process, especially vigorously rectify the small workshops for illegal gold extraction and the substandard discharge of the three wastes, and intensify efforts to solve the geological environmental problems of mines left over from history. At present, the occurrence form of mercury in the undercurrent zone is relatively stable, but the water and soil layers have been polluted. The risk of disjointed groundwater pollution can not be ignored while giving priority to the treatment of loess and river alluvial landform areas with close hydraulic links. The research results will provide a scientific basis for water conservancy departments to groundwater prevention and control in water-deficient areas of the Loess Plateau.     

蜀南地区下三叠统飞仙关组沉积相

蜀南地区飞仙关组的沉积相类型主要有浑水陆棚相与清水陆棚相,东部两者交替发育,中西部则主要为浑水陆棚相。浑水陆棚相以半局限海亚相为主,包括三个微相;清水陆棚相可分为颗粒滩、滩间、潮坪和内缘斜坡等四个亚相,包括若干微相。飞一段全区为清水陆棚相;飞二段全区均为浑水陆棚亚相的泥质半局限海微相;飞三段,西部为浑水陆棚相,东部为清水陆棚相,其间发育灰泥质半局限海微相;飞四段基本为泥质半局限海微相。飞一时,区内中部有一近南北向的台内凹槽,沿凹槽边缘鲕粒滩较发育。研究区以西的康滇古陆和龙门山岛链与华蓥山断裂带控制着区内沉积相展布,当康滇古陆和龙门山岛链构造活跃时全区发育浑水陆棚,华蓥山断裂带活动时东部发育清水陆棚;当康滇古陆、龙门山岛链与华蓥山断裂带构造的活动性都较低时,全区以清水陆棚为主。     

Dynamic characteristics of marine soft clay under variable phase difference and initial static shear stress

Abstract

Under seismic loading, the soil layer is subjected to multidirectional cyclic shear stress with different amplitudes and frequencies because of the coupling of multiple shear waves and the soil element within a slope or behind a retaining wall is subjected to initial static shear stress before subjected to cyclic loading. Due to the complexity of seismic loading propagation, a phase difference exists between the initial static shear stress and cyclic shear stress. To investigate the influence of the phase difference and initial static shear stress on cyclic shear strain, cyclic modulus, and cyclic strength, a series of laboratory tests are performed on Wenzhou marine soft clay by multi-directional simple shear system, which can simulate the actual state better by controlling the horizontal cyclic stress in the x and y directions simultaneously. As the phase difference varies from 0° to 90°, the dynamic shear modulus increases and cyclic strain accumulation decreases with an increasing number of cycles. The shear strain increases with the initial shear stress.     

风沙流中跃移沙粒冲击速度和角度联合概率分布风洞实验

近地表跃移沙粒速度和角度概率分布是连接风沙运动宏观研究和微观研究的桥梁,对沙粒跃移轨迹和输沙率分布有很大影响。但是,目前跃移沙粒冲击速度概率分布和角度概率分布之间的关系还不明确。使用相位多普勒粒子分析仪（PDPA）测量了风洞沙床面1 mm高度处的跃移沙粒速度,通过分析各冲击速度对应的冲击角度的概率分布研究了沙粒冲击速度和角度的联合概率分布。结果表明：沙粒冲击速度概率分布可用对数正态函数描述,冲击角度概率分布可用指数函数描述;各冲击速度对应的冲击角度都符合指数函数分布,且其衰减速度随冲击速度增加而加快。这表明,冲击速度概率分布和冲击角度概率分布之间具有很强的相关性。最后分别给出了沙粒冲击速度和角度的独立假设概率分布和条件联合概率分布。     

浙江省县域旅游经济增长的空间溢出效应

论文以浙江省65个县域单元为例,综合运用探索性空间数据分析和空间杜宾模型,实证了2004—2016年浙江省县域旅游经济增长及其影响因素的空间溢出效应。结果表明:① 研究期内浙江省县域旅游经济整体表现出较强的空间依赖性,局部空间关联类型以高—高和低—低集聚为主,高—高集聚区主要位于中心市区,低—低集聚区主要位于浙西和浙南等地。旅游经济增长的空间自相关性表明考察其演化路径时不可忽视空间效应的存在。② 浙江省县域入境和国内旅游经济增长均存在显著的空间溢出效应,本地入境和国内旅游经济每增长1%,将会带动邻近县域入境和国内旅游经济分别增长0.192%和0.249%。经济发展水平、旅游资源禀赋、旅游基础设施和区位交通条件等均具有显著的空间溢出效应,忽视旅游经济增长的空间效应,将会高估这些因素的作用强度。③ 驱动旅游经济增长的各影响因素的作用强度和影响路径存在显著差异,未来应充分关注入境和国内旅游经济增长的空间依赖特征,将驱动旅游经济增长的各因素齐抓并举,方可实现县域旅游经济的高质量发展。     

Waveform Characteristics of Earthquakes Induced by Hydraulic Fracturing and Mining Activities: Comparison with Those of Natural Earthquakes

Natural Resources Research - Some industrial activities, such as underground mining, hydraulic fracturing (HF), can cause microearthquakes and even damaging earthquakes. In recent years, with the...