大气污染物非线性回归模型构建

本文基于重庆主城区（沙坪坝站）2014—2018年逐日同期同步观测的气象要素和环境空气质量监测数据进行分析。首先通过对不同大气污染物与各种气象要素进行相关性分析，剔除影响预报模型共性的气象因子，明确显著影响空气质量的气象要素；然后结合污染物排放、大气扩散过程和湿沉降作用机理；最后构建乘幂与线性叠加的混合模式的空气质量预报方程。结果表明：构建的非线性回归方程能较为真实地反映主要大气污染物与气象要素的相互影响关系，回归模型预报检验准确率高（预报评分达87.6）。     

Ni002因瓦水准标尺模板的研制

本文详细地叙述和分析了Ni002 因瓦水准标尺模板研制的整个过程,包括冲孔模的研制,模板的冲裁,模板及标尺全分划刻划误差的检验,并由此推算出喷漆复制精度和模板的精度。文中,特别指出了冲孔模冲头间距误差正负号的排列对标尺检验结果的影响,并在实践中得到了验证。     

泾阳台地震持续时间震级公式MD初探

用最小二乘法处理泾阳台ＤＤ－１地震仪记录资料，拟合适于泾阳台由地震波持续时间求算近震震级ＭＤ的公式：ＭＤ＝２．７ｌｇｒ—２．４（Δ≤１０ｋｍ），ＭＤ＝２．２９ｌｇｒ＋０．００１１８Δ－２．２５（１０ｋｍ＜Δ≤５２０ｋｍ），并对震级ＭＬ和ＭＤ进行误差分析。     

PRESENT-DAY KINEMATICS OF THE ORDOS BLOCK AND ITS SURROUNDING AREAS FROM GPS OBSERVATIONS

Located among the South China block, Tibetan plateau, Alxa block and Yinshan orogenic belt, the Ordos block is famous for its significant kinematic features with stable tectonics of its interior but frequent large earthquakes surrounding it. After the destruction of the North China Craton, the integrity, rotation movement and kinematic relations with its margins are hotly debated. With the accumulation of active tectonics data, and paleomagnetic and GPS observations, some kinematic models have emerged to describe rotation movement of the Ordos block since the 1970's, including clockwise rotation, anticlockwise rotation, clockwise-anticlockwise-alternate rotation, and sub-block rotation, etc. All of these models are not enough to reflect the whole movement of the Ordos block, because the data used are limited to local areas.
In this study, based on denser geophysical observations, such as GPS and SKS splitting data, we analyzed present-day crustal and mantle deformation characteristics in the Ordos block and its surrounding areas. GPS baselines, strain rates, and strain time series are calculated to describe the intrablock deformation and kinematic relationship between Ordos block and its margins. SKS observations are used to study the kinematic relationship between crust and deeper mantle and their dynamic mechanisms, combined with the absolute plate motion(APM)and kinematic vorticity parameters. Our results show that the Ordos block behaves rigidly and rotates anticlockwise relative to the stable Eurasia plate(Euler pole: (50.942±1.935)°N, (115.692±0.303)°E, (0.195±0.006)°/Ma). The block interior sees a weak deformation of~5 nano/a and a velocity difference of smaller than 2mm/a, which can be totally covered by the uncertainties of GPS data. Therefore, the Ordos block is moving as a whole without clear differential movement under the effective range of resolution of the available GPS datasets. Its western and eastern margins are characterized by two strong right-lateral shearing belts, where 0.2°~0.4°/Ma of rotation is measured by the GPS baseline pairs. However, its northern and southern margins are weakly deformed with left-lateral shearing, where only 0.1°/Ma of rotation is measured. Kinematics in the northeastern Tibetan plateau and western margin of the Ordos block can be described with vertical coherence model with strong coupling between the crust and deeper mantle induced by the strong extrusion of the Tibetan plateau. The consistency between SKS fast wave direction and absolute plate motion suggests the existence of mantle flow along the Qinling orogenic belt, which may extend to the interior of the Ordos block. SKS fast wave directions are consistent with the direction of the asthenosphere flow in Shanxi Rift and Taihang Mountains, indicating that the crustal deformation of these areas is controlled by subduction of the Pacific plate to North China. The week anisotropy on SKS in the interior of Ordos block is from fossil anisotropy in the craton interior. After comparing with the absolute plate motion direction and deformation model, we deem that anisotropy in the interior of Ordos block comes from anisotropy of fossils frozen in the lithosphere. In conclusion, the Ordos block is rotating anticlockwise relative to its margins, which may comes from positive movement of its margins driven by lithospheric extrusion or mantle flow beneath, and its self-rotation is slight. This study can provide useful information for discussion of kinematics between the Ordos block and its surrounding tectonic units.     

附加运动学约束的BDS抗差UKF导航算法

针对城市复杂环境中单一BDS导航受多路径（multipath,MP）和非视距（non-line-of-sight,NLOS）信号干扰导致精度下降的问题,提出一种附加运动学约束的抗差无迹卡尔曼滤波（unscented Kalman filter,UKF）算法。该算法基于新息向量构造等价权函数,克服了位置及接收机钟差初值不准确引起的抗差性能下降问题。同时,利用载体的近似运动方向和高程约束,进一步增强滤波解。实测车载试验结果表明,本文方法可有效抑制MP和NLOS信号的干扰,提高城市环境中的BDS导航精度。     

西南印度洋中脊地质构造特征及其地球动力学意义

西南印度洋中脊（SWIR）增生的洋壳面积仅占印度洋的15%左右,但其具有比东南印度洋中脊和西北印度洋中脊更悠久而复杂的演化历史.基于已有的地质、地球物理和地球化学等资料,系统总结了SWIR的地质构造特征,并讨论了SWIR的演化过程、洋脊地幔的不均一性、洋脊周边海底高原成因等核心问题.SWIR地形中段高、东西两段低,空间重力异常基本与地形变化一致.按转换断层一级边界可将SWIR划分为20个一级段.SWIR的磁异常条带呈现两端渐进式分布和中段带状分布特征,对应洋脊的三期演化历史.SWIR的地幔源区极不均一,尤其是中新元古代造山带根部集中拆离的中段.源区地幔的不均一性与大陆裂解和洋脊演化过程密切相关.SWIR的东端与西北印度洋中脊和东南印度洋中脊的邻近洋脊段具有地球化学亲缘性,西端与大西洋中脊和南美洲—南极洲洋中脊的邻近洋脊段具有地球化学亲缘性,这与SWIR的渐近式扩张有关.SWIR周边海底高原普遍具有较大的地壳厚度,其成因除了陆壳基底之外,可能与热点火山作用、热点-洋脊相互作用或热点-三联点相互作用有关,目前尚未形成统一的认识.SWIR的形成演化及其作用域内的熔融异常（如海底高原）是冈瓦纳大陆裂解、残留岩石圈地幔、软流圈地幔和深部地幔热柱物质共同作用的结果.了解SWIR的演化过程对揭示冈瓦纳大陆的裂解过程和印度洋的演化具有重要意义.     

气象部门人事管理岗位培训需求研究

干部教育培训是干部队伍建设的先导性、基础性、战略性工程。加强气象部门人事管理岗位培训需求研究,对于提高气象部门组织人事工作水平具有重要意义。文章引入气象培训需求分析模型,从战略和组织分析、任务分析、人员分析、人口统计分析和区域差异分析五个方面进行培训需求分析,探索建立了气象部门人事管理岗位培训需求要素体系,为培训提供相关建议。     

气象部门国有企业人才队伍建设问题及对策研究——以华云和华风集团为例

对人的管理是现代企业管理的核心,人力资源管理是企业核心竞争力的重要方面。对气象部门国有企业人才队伍进行分析研究,有利于深化气象部门国有企业改革,对于提高企业核心竞争力和人力资本的有效利用具有重要意义。1气象部门国有企业总体情况2018年气象部门所属法人企业共1227户,主要经营业务包括专业气象服务、气象仪器设备研发生产销售、防雷、气象信息服务、广告等,从业人员共计12309人。     

新疆北部阿尔泰山东段泥盆纪岩浆活动及侵位方式的探讨

新疆北部阿尔泰山东段发育大量的岩浆岩,对取自阿德尔石英闪长斑岩和乔拉克萨依花岗闪长岩的样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定,获得了(415.7±4.0) Ma和(413.5±3.0) Ma的年龄值。据此将其形成时代厘定为早泥盆世。两组样品主量元素差异明显,稀土、微量元素特征基本一致。石英闪长斑岩具有中钾-低钾钙碱性、过铝质花岗岩岩石特征,而花岗闪长岩具有高钾钙碱性、准铝质系列特征。两者轻稀土富集、重稀土相对亏损,中等-弱负Eu异常;微量元素Rb、Th、U等LILE富集,具有明显的“峰”,Nb、Ta、Ti等HFSE强烈亏损,呈明显“TNT”负异常,显示了与俯冲作用有关的岩浆岩特征。综合区域地质资料分析,阿尔泰造山带东段泥盆纪早期岩浆活动剧烈,成因复杂,侵位方式多样,形成了多种火成岩构造组合,可能是热幔-热壳结构下的产物,具有形成超大型矿床的潜力。     

Dynamic behavior of single-layer latticed cylindrical shells subjected to seismic loading

The single-layer latticed cylindrical shell is one of the most widely adopted space-framed structures. In this paper, free vibration properties and dynamic response to horizontal and vertical seismic waves of single-layer latticed cylindrical shells are analyzed by the finite clement method using ANSYS software. In the numerical study, where hundreds of cases were analyzed, the parameters considered included rise-span ratio, length-span ratio, surface load and member section size. Moreover, to better define the actual behavior of single-layer latticed shells, the study is focused on the dynamic stress response to both axial forces and bending moments. Based on the numerical results, the effects of the parameters considered on the stresses are discussed and a modified seismic force coefficient method is suggested. In addition, some advice based on these rescarch results is presented to help in the future design of such structures.