东海及邻域大地构造特征及ODP钻孔选位

通过对东海及其领域大地构造特征的简要分析，阐述了当今亟待解决的几个关键地质问题，进而对旨在解决这些问题的大洋钻探孔位布设提出了建议。     

我国海洋油气勘探开发喜获丰收

改革开放15年来,我国海洋油气勘探开发工作,通过对外合作和自营勘探,在渤海辽东湾,渤中、渤南海区,南海北部珠江口、琼东南和北部湾盆地的上百个含油气构造进行勘探,发现了几十个油气田,至今已正式建成投产的油气田15个。“七五”和“八五”期间,海上勘探无     

The significance of dilution in evaluating possible impacts of wastewater discharges from large cruise ships

In response to public concerns about discharges from large cruise ships, Alaska's Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) sampled numerous effluents in the summer of 2000. The data showed that basic marine sanitation device (MSD) technology for black water (sewage) was not performing as expected. Untreated gray water had high levels of conventional pollutants and surprisingly high levels of bacteria. Both black water and gray water discharges sometimes exceeded state water quality standards for toxicants. The state convened a Science Advisory Panel (the Panel) to evaluate impacts associated with cruise ship wastewater discharges. The effluent data received wide media coverage and increased public concerns. Consequently, legislative decisions were made at the State and Federal level, and regulations were imposed before the Panel completed its evaluation. The Panel demonstrated that following the rapid dilution from moving cruise ships, the effluent data from the Summer of 2000 would not have exceeded water quality standards, and environmental effects were not expected.     

A geographic analysis of non-Russian minorities in Russia and its ethnic homelands

"The paper...analyzes the characteristics of 27 million non-Russians who constituted 18 percent of the population of the Russian Federation and its 31 ethnic homelands in 1989. Utilizing data from all Soviet censuses (from 1926), it reviews long-term historical trends; growth patterns related to urban-rural differences, family size, regional contrasts in rates of natural increase, and specific ethnic traits; migration patterns; factors influencing language shifts to the Russian; effect of location inside or outside homeland; and the influences of transportation, cities, and economic development in individual homelands."     

世界海洋能源开发利用趋势展望

在当今世界能源消耗结构中,常规能源(煤炭,石油和天然气等)仍然占绝对的优势。从全球范围看,煤炭仍是第一能源,其消费量占能源总消费量约半数;其次是石油和天然气。然而,海洋能源主要是石油与天然气,其次是海底煤炭和可再生能源——潮汐能、波浪能、温差与盐差能、海岛的风能与太阳能等。     

莺歌海盆地有大型古潜山构造

南海西部石油公司的地质研究人员，在对南海莺歌海盆地的地质剖面解释过程中，发现该盆地的北部1号大断裂和莺东大断裂之间，有一个大型的古潜山构造．这一地质上的发现，迅速引起了有关地质专家的重视。据地质人员分析，这个大型古潜山构造具备储藏石油天然气的地质条件，很有可能通过钻勘探井而获得油气发现．     

国际气体水合物研究开发新动态

１９９９年７月１９～２２日,在美国盐湖城召开了“第三届国际气体水合物会议”,会议主题是“气体水合物与未来的挑战”。参加会议的各国代表共２００余人,分别来自美国、日本、挪威、加拿大、英国、法国、德国、俄罗斯和中国等。会议进行了４天,就资源特征、全球气候变化...     

提倡学术争鸣——评介高云策的《新思维——引起的新技术革命》

1 引言 最近,我们拜读了一位热衷于探讨地球与海洋奥秘,对地球表面和海底形成的种种地质现象,诸如大陆山脉、海底山、海沟、海脊、火山、地震等,从海洋动力学的观点,提出海洋动力对它们的影响。 高云策同志是一名非地球科学工作者,然而他通过阅读大量的自然科学,特别是地质科学和海洋科学的书籍,以及对前人各种学说的思考,撰写了《新思维——引起的新技术革命》(打印稿)。这篇《新思维》共分三部分,第一部分:回顾,对大陆漂移学说、海底扩张学说和板块构造学说与海洋动力学的关系提出了一些新见解,同时对这些学说的某些论点提出质疑。第二部分:发展,对海洋动力学与大陆山脉、海沟和海脊形成的原因;海洋动力学与欧亚非大陆分裂、火山和地震形成的原因。第三部分:展望,作者认为海洋动力学是一个多元复合力,如果把这个力作为各种地学动力理论的主要原动力之一加以考虑,那么对人们进一步认识地壳运动和由地壳运动而产生的各种地质现象都具有积极的意义。     

Long-term coexistence of non-indigenous species in aquaculture facilities

Non-indigenous species (NIS) are a growing problem globally and, in the sea, aquaculture activities are critical vectors for their introduction. Aquaculture introduces NIS, intentionally or unintentionally, and can provide substratum for the establishment of other NIS. Little is known about the co-occurrence of NIS over long periods and we document the coexistence over decades of a farmed NIS (a mussel) with an accidently introduced species (an ascidian). Both are widespread and cause serious fouling problems worldwide. We found partial habitat segregation across depth and the position of rafts within the studied farm, which suggests competitive exclusion of the mussel in dark, sheltered areas and physiological exclusion of the ascidian elsewhere. Both species exhibit massive self-recruitment, with negative effects on the industry, but critically the introduction of NIS through aquaculture facilities also has strong detrimental effects on the natural environment.