金属成矿学研究的若干进展

主要讨论近１０年来国内外在金属矿床地质研究中的若干进展，内容包括：成矿地质环境和深部背景；矿床、成矿带和全球的成矿作用演化；成矿系统和成矿动力学；地质流体与成矿作用以及超大型矿床的形成条件等。在这５个重点研究领域中，分别介绍了对它们的研究和已取得的一些进展，又展望了其在今后的研究前景。认为上述５个方面的系统深入研究，将构成２１世纪上半世纪新的成矿理论基础，并将对金属矿产勘查工作有重大影响。     

石源龙地区岩浆岩的稀土元素和同位素地球化学

本章系统研究石源龙地区流纹质熔结凝灰岩、粒状碎斑熔岩、英安岩、星村中细粒黑云母花岗岩的铷锶同位素地质年龄，并根据锶、氧同位素和稀土元素含量讨论其地质意义     

应力调制在辽宁地区地震预报中的应用

应用应力调制图像法对辽宁地区1970年以来的21次ML≥5．0地震进行了检验。结果显示，有18次地震的震前出现了S值异常单元，虚报地震11次，漏报3次，R值评分0．58。     

巴林左旗-阿鲁科尔沁旗5.9级地震前地震活动异常特征

对2003年8月16日巴林左旗阿鲁科尔沁旗间5．9级地震前震源区附近地震活动图像和地震学参数研究结果表明，震前5～1年震源区附近地震活动异常平静，而外围(150km≤△≤300km)区地震活动显著增强；震前2年左右，震源区附近地震学参数异常比较明显，异常项数比40％；震前1．0～0．5年地震学参数异常明显减弱，异常项数比仅10％。可见，地震学短期异常不明显。     

赣中(崇仁-东乡)重力场特征及其对温泉热源的控制

断裂构造能够引起重力场的异常分布，温泉热源的形成和空间展布主要受深大断裂、基底构造等地质因素控制。基于这一思路，根据该区重力资料，结合地质及其它地球物理资料对深部地质结构做了一些探讨。对重力资料进行了一些处理，挖掘深部地质信息，根据所得信息推断出了一些基底断裂，有一些是本次重力结果新发现的断裂。此外，还证实了前人已圈定的断裂构造，这些构造在控热、导热作用方面起着重要作用，深大断裂、基底构造它们交汇部位附近是寻找温泉热源的有利地区。     

内蒙古二连浩特市—东乌珠穆沁旗半干旱荒漠草原区区域化探方法试验

内蒙古二连浩特市-东乌珠穆沁旗地区属半干旱荒漠草原区.1∶20万区域化探扫面应针对该类景观区微景观特点,选择土壤或水系沉积物测量方法开展工作.经试验确定采样粒级为-5～ 20目;采样密度2个点/km2;采样介质为残坡积物或冲、洪积物.经4个1∶20万图幅的区域化探扫面工作,取得了明显的异常圈定和地质找矿效果,方法技术有效.     

勃利盆地中生界地质特征与油气资源量计算

黑龙江省东部勃利盆地在早白垩世为陆缘断陷盆地。经晚白垩世和新近纪的构造反转改造后，呈改造残留型含油气、含煤盆地。该盆地在下白垩统发育有厚度较大的暗色泥岩和多套煤系地层。盆地内源岩有机质以生气为主，煤系地层为重要的气态烃的来源。在研究了勃利盆地中生界地质特征的基础上，运用蒙特卡罗法初步估算了盆地内的油气资源量，得出盆地油气资源量的概率分布函数图，取得不同概率下的油气资源量值。盆地的中部断陷为有利含油气区。研究结果为进一步在松辽盆地外围寻找油气资源提供了参考依据。     

包气带中温度变化对水分分布影响的实验研究

笔者在高180cm、宽50cm的砂槽中,做了温度对水分运移影响的模拟试验。试验结果表明,在包气带一定深度以下,孔隙相对封闭,孔隙内液态水与气态水处于动态平衡,相对湿度接近或达到饱和状态。在此条件下,砂柱内温度场的任何微小变化都会导致孔隙系统内的水分发生蒸发或凝结。当包气带内温度场发生变化时,气态水在温度梯度作用下,向最低温度界面运移,蒸发或是凝结取决于最低温度界面的性质。在不发生聚集的开放性界面上出现蒸散,消耗包气带内水分。在聚集性封闭界面上则出现凝结,使包气带内水分增加。在温度场控制下,包气带中气态水凝结或蒸发是水分运移的另一重要形式,它在一定程度上决定着水分的分布状态,尤其在温差巨大的地区,这种作用显得十分重要。     

Hydrothermal Mineralization on the Mesoproterozoic Passive Continental Margins of China： A Case Study of the Langshan-Zha＇ertaishan Belt, Inner Mongolia, China

Most ore-forming characteristics of the Langshan-Zha‘ertaishan hydrothermal exhalation belt, which consists of the Dongshengmiao, Huogeqi, Tanyaokou and Jiashengpan large-superlarge Zn-Pb-Cu-Fe sulfide deposits, are most similar to those of Mesoproterozoic SEDEX-type provinces of the world. The characteristics include: (1) All deposits of this type in the belt occur in third-order fault-basins in the Langshan-Zha‘ertaishan aulacogen along the northern margin of the North China Platform; (2) these deposits with all their orebodies hosted in the Mesoproterozoic impure dolomite-marble and carbonaceous phyllite (or schists) have an apparent stratabound nature; ores display laminated and banded structures, showing clear depositional features; (3) there is some evidence of syn-sedimentary faulting, which to a certain extent accounts for the temporal and spatial distribution and the size of the orebodies in all deposits and the formation of intrabed conglomerates and breccias; (4) they show lateral and vertical zonation of sulfides; (5) The Cu/(Pb Zn Cu) ratio of the large and thick Pb Zn Cu orebodies gradually decreases from bottom to top; and (6) barite is interbedded with pyrites and sometimes with sphalerite. However, some characteristics such as the Co/Ni radio of the pyrites, the volcanism, for example, of the Langshan-Zha‘ertalshan metallogenic belt, are different from those of the typical SEDEX deposits of the world. The meta-basic volcanic rock in Huogeqi, the sodic bimodal volcanic rocks in the Dongshengmiao and potassic bimodal-volcanic rocks with blastoporphyfitic and blasto-glomeroporphyritic texture as well as blasto-amygdaloidal structure in the Tanyaokou deposits have been discovered in the only ore-bearing second formation of the Langshan Group in the past 10 years. The metallogeny of some deposits hosted in the Langshan Group is closely related to syn-sedimentary volcanism based on the following facts: most of the lead isotopes in sphalerite, galena, pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite plot on both sides of the line for the mantle or between the lines for the mantle and lower crust in the lead isotope composition diagram; cobalt content of some pyrites samples is much higher than the nickel content (Co/Ni= 11.91-12.19). Some volcanic blocks and debris have been picked out from some pyritic and pyrrhotitic ores. All Zn-Pb-Cu-Fe sulfide orebodies in these deposits occur in the strata overlying metamorphic volcanic rocks in the only ore-bearing second formation. In the Jiashengpan deposit that lacks syn-sedimentary volcanic rocks in the host succession only Pb and Zn ores occur without Cu ore, but in the Dongshengmiao, Tanyaokou and Huogeqi deposits with syn-sedimentary volcanic rocks in the host succession Cu ores occur. This indicates a relatively higher ore-forming temperature. The process of synsedimentary volcanic eruption directly supplied some ore-forming elements, and resulted in secular geothermal anomaly favorable for the circulation of a submarine convective hydrothermal system, which accounts for the precipitation of deep mineralizing fluids exhaling into anoxidic basins along the syn-sedimentary fault system in the Langshan-Zha‘ertai rift. The Dongshengmiao, Tanyaokou, and Huogeqi deposits hosted in the Langshan Group appear to be a transitional type of mineral deposit between SEDEX and VMS-types but with a bias towards SEDEX, while the Jiashengpan deposit hosted in the Zha‘ertai Group is of a characteristic SEDEX type. This evidence, together with other new discoveries of Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks and the features of lithogeny and metallogeny of the Bayun Obo deposit in the neighborhood emphasize the diversity, complexity and uniqueness of the Mesoproterozoic Langshan-Zha‘ertal-Bayun Obo ore belt.     

管井降水技术在多种含水介质基坑工程中的应用

结合蚌埠城市中心广场会展中心工程，介绍了管井降水技术在多种含水介质的复杂地质环境下的应用。