Simplified traditional bubble-motion equation and air-gun wavelet simulation based on a Van der Waals gas model

An air-gun source is the most commonly used excitation method in offshore seismic exploration.The excitation characteristics of an air-gun source affect seismic...     

荔枝草对鱼油的抗氧化作用

针对鱼油产品的易氧化问题,研究了荔枝草的抗氧化能力,发现荔枝草提取物在室温下（２８℃）是一种良好的鱼油抗氧化剂,其抗氧化有效成分集中于花和叶中,以酚灰主,极性较弱,乙酸乙酯可以将该成分有效地提取出来。比较对鱼油的抗氧化荔枝草石油醚提取物和茶多要不要相当,但其溶解性远好于茶多酚,尽管远逊于ＴＢＨＱ,仍不失为一种良好的天然抗氧化剂,具有较高的开发应用价值     

Structural strength deterioration of coastal bridge piers considering non-uniform corrosion in marine environments

In the aggressive marine environment over a long-term service period,coastal bridges inevitably sustain corrosion-induced damage due to high sea salt and humidity.This paper investigates the strength reduction of coastal bridges,especially focusing on the effects of non-uniform corrosion along the height of bridge piers.First,the corrosion initiation time and the degradation of reinforcement and concrete are analyzed for bridge piers in marine environments.To investigate the various damage modes of the concrete cover,a discretization method with fiber cells is used for calculating time-dependent interaction diagrams of cross-sections of the bridge piers at the atmospheric zone and the splash and tidal zone under a combination of axial force and bending moment.Second,the shear strength of these aging structures is analyzed.Numerical simulation indicates that the strength of a concrete pier experiences dramatic reduction from corrosion initiation to the spalling of the concrete cover.Strength loss in the splash and tidal zone is more significant than in the atmospheric zone when structures’service time is assumed to be the same.     

影响海相烃源岩热解生烃过程的地质条件

热解生烃实验是研究油气生成机理与定量评价烃源岩生烃潜力的重要方法.烃源岩热解生烃模拟结果不仅与温度、压力和时间等因素有关,而且与地层孔隙水及压实成岩作用等地质因素密切相关.采用高压流体和高压釜(低压水蒸气)两种生烃热模拟方法对低成熟海相二叠统大隆组(P₂d)黑色泥岩进行了热解生烃实验模拟.对比分析两组实验结果表明地层孔隙热解实验有利于液态油的生成,不利于液态油向气态烃的转化,并极大地提高了干酪根的生油气潜力,显示了高压液态水、流体压力和孔隙空间等地质因素对烃源岩中有机质热成熟生烃反应的重要影响.这种影响可能与高压液态水的近临界特性有关,近临界特性地层水的参与改变了干酪根热力生烃反应的物理化学行为.推断在实际地质温压(100~200 ℃,30~120 MPa)条件下,烃源岩孔隙中的地层水是一种相对低温高压液态水,具有水的近临界物理化学特性,因此高压流体生烃热模拟实验与实际地层情况更为接近,能更有效地评价烃源岩生烃潜力.      

雪峰山中段含金剪切带特征及其动力学机制浅析

雪峰山中段为区域性剪切变形带,区内分布了众多与剪切带有关的金矿床（点）。作者分析了区域地质背景和剪切带特征,认为剪切带的规模、产状及形态,受控于发生剪切带变形的相对构造软弱层;剪切作用机制取决于水平挤压与剪切带的交切关系。     

孤立金属尖端的电晕触发阈值

为了得到金属尖端在发生电晕放电时尖端处的电场强度,该文首先采用实验室实验得到不同高度、不同形状、不同材质的金属尖端发生电晕放电时的环境电场阈值;再采用有限元法计算二维泊松方程,得到尖端处电晕触发阈值,由此得出以下结论:环境电场阈值随金属尖端高度的增大基本呈线性减小趋势,随着尖端越来越尖,环境电场阈值呈先减小后增大的变化趋势;高度、形状对金属物尖端处电晕触发阈值无影响,尖端处电晕阈值为定值;给出尖端处电晕触发阈值为158.75 kV·m-1与空间分辨率的拟合公式,可为今后电晕放电数值模拟中判断电晕放电的起始时刻提供参考。     

Dynamic selection of emergency plans of geological disaster based on case-based reasoning and prospect theory

Natural Hazards - The Three Gorges reservoir area in the Yangtze River economic belt has frequent geological disasters. To assist decision-makers make effective emergency decisions based on their...     

城乡结合部土壤质量变化特点与可持续性利用对策——以开封市为例

运用自然地理学、土地资源学和生态学等多学科的基本理论,以开封市为例,通过可对照的土壤采样分析,选取ｐＨ、全氮、有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、阳离子代换量等养分因子,经标准化处理,运用经修改的内梅罗公式,尝试性地评价了城乡结合部土壤的总体质量,并对比分析了典型的、不同的土地利用方式及其变化条件下的土壤质量变化,定量地说明了城乡结合土壤质量的变化,证实了目前的维持、提高土壤质量、高产出的方法只能是高