土钉墙数值模拟在干船坞坞墙中应用探讨

从减少基坑开挖过程中坞墙位移和控制坞壁渗水角度出发,利用数值模拟分析,探讨在深基坑开挖中得到广泛应用的普通土钉墙和用于船坞坞室基坑开挖中的复合土钉墙技术,将联合劲性水泥土搅拌桩的复合土钉墙用于干船坞的坞墙结构。从工程探讨角度,研究土钉联合劲性水泥土搅拌桩、预应力锚杆的复合土钉墙在干船坞这一特定条件下的应用问题,并通过分析模拟结果,为干船坞坞墙设计施工过程中安全问题提出一些注意点     

河套盆地北部344 ka以来沉积环境演化

通过对河套盆地北部获取的377 m钻孔岩芯进行沉积相及粒度特征分析,并结合多种测年手段,揭示了河套盆地北部中更新世晚期以来的沉积环境演变过程。根据粒度参数特征变化把钻孔划分为6个沉积环境阶段:344~326 ka为滨湖相沉积环境;326~165 ka为半深湖相沉积环境;165~130 ka为滨湖三角洲相沉积环境;130~100 ka为浅湖相沉积环境;100~10 ka为滨湖—河流相沉积环境;10 ka~今为河漫滩相沉积环境。河套盆地中更新世晚期到晚更新世期间存在统一的古大湖,晚更新世以后古大湖分解并消失。      

湖北省竹山县绿松石矿床成因研究

对竹山县绿松石矿床分布、矿床构造、地球化学特征等的分析表明,竹山县绿松石矿的形成受到地层、岩性及构造断裂双重控制;富含成矿元素铜、磷,岩性为黑色碳泥质板岩及碳硅质板岩(黑色岩系)的下寒武统水沟口组既为绿松石矿的赋矿层又为矿源层;线状分布的断裂构造控制了绿松石矿床的分布规律和矿床规模;矿床形成于地表水的风化淋滤和再沉积(沉淀)作用,矿液温度介于17℃～35℃之间。     

微量水δ(~(17)O)和δ(~(18)O)CoF_3法线外同时测试新技术

三氧同位素(16O、17O、18O)组成特征可有效示踪天然水循环及其环境效应,微量水δ(17O)和δ(18O)CoF3法同时测试新技术的建立,可为三氧同位素定量研究提供有效的分析手段,特别是能够捕捉到像光合作用、呼吸作用等生物过程中发生的同位素分馏现象。在国内首次建立了微量水δ(17O)和δ(18O)CoF3法线外同时测试新技术,样品量仅需2μL,整个制样时间约40min。采用在质谱测试前对待测样品在100℃下预热10 min,待O2完全解吸后再进行质谱测试的方法,避免了制样和测试过程中的记忆效应及分馏效应,δ(17O)和δ(18O)的分析精度分别达到±0.07‰和±0.14‰。该法使用固体试剂CoF3替代了剧毒的气态氟化物BrF5,使得制样流程更加安全可靠且样品量少,适用性强,具有很大的推广应用价值。     

Distribution Prediction of Middle-deep Lacustrine Source Rocks in Eocene Wenchang Formation in the Kaiping Sag,Pearl Mouth Basin

Oil and gas shows are rich in drilling wells in Kaiping sag,however,large oilfield was still not found in this area.For a long time,it is thought that source rocks were developed in the middle-deep lacustrine facies in the Eocene Wenchang Formation,while there is no source rocks that in middle-deep lacustrine facies have been found in well.Thickness of Wenchang Formation is big and reservoirs with good properties could be found in this formation.Distribution and scale of source rock are significant for further direction of petroleum exploration.Distribution characterization of middle-deep lacustrine facies is the base for source rock research.Based on the sedimentary background,fault activity rate,seismic response features,and seismic attributes were analyzed.No limited classification method and multi-attributes neural network deep learning method were used for predicting of source rock distribution in Wenchang Formation.It is found that during the deposition of lower Wenchang Formation,activity rate of main fault controlling the sub sag sedimentation was bigger than 100 m/Ma,which formed development background for middle-deep lacustrine facies.Compared with the seismic response of middle-deep lacustrine source rocks developed in Zhu I depression,those in Kaiping sag are characterized in low frequency and good continuity.Through RGB frequency decomposition,areas with low frequency are main distribution parts for middle-deep lacustrine facies.Dominant frequency,instantaneous frequency,and coherency attributes of seismic could be used in no limited classification method for further identification of middle-deep lacustrine facies.Based on the limitation of geology knowledge,multi-attributes of seismic were analyzed through neural network deep learning method.Distribution of middle-deep lacustrine facies in the fourth member of Wenchang Formation is oriented from west to east and is the largest.Square of the middle-deep lacustrine facies in that member is 154 km²and the volume is 50 km³.Achievements could be bases for hydrocarbon accumulation study and for exploration target optimization in Kaiping sag.     

XD-10DK型小口径电动顶驱钻机的研制与应用

为了解决新疆地区铀矿勘探设备落后、劳动强度大、安全隐患多、钻效提升困难等难题,研制了XD-10DK型小口径电动顶驱钻机,该钻机采用了模块化设计、交流变频电机直驱、负载双通道、数字化检测、顶部驱动等多项先进技术。经过在准噶尔盆地车排子地区3个钻孔的现场试验,提高了铀矿勘探自动化程度和钻进效率、降低了工人的劳动强度、改善了工人的工作环境、保障了施工设备和人员安全。为新疆地区铀矿勘探乃至全国的岩心钻机更新换代提供了借鉴。     

北京平原地区地质系统

经过几代人的工作,北京平原地质工作取得了丰硕的成果,在基础地质、水文地质、工程地质和环境地质等领域都有重要进展。本文通过北京平原三维地质结构分析,认为北京平原的地下水资源、工程地质、地面沉降、地裂缝灾害等地质问题均受三维地质结构控制,各种地质现象都处在一个统一的地质系统之内。第四系三维结构控制着第四系孔隙水资源的赋存、平原的工程地质特征和地面沉降的分布和演化;基岩的三维结构控制基岩裂隙水、岩溶水资源和地热资源的赋存状态;平原隐伏断裂对平原的地貌、基底形态起控制作用,对地裂缝,地面沉降等地质灾害的形成和发展有重要影响。这些由三维地质结构控制的地下水子系统,隐伏断裂子系统以及工程地质、地面沉降等地质问题,共同组成了北京平原区地质系统。     

塔河油田海西早期岩溶古水系识别方法及其特征

塔河油田海西早期形成了复杂的碳酸盐岩岩溶缝洞系统,其发育规模在东部地区和西部地区表现出显著的差异性。岩溶水作为岩溶发育的关键因素,在不同地质背景下表现出的水文学特征及水动力作用与岩溶缝洞系统的发育密切相关。为了深入认识和阐述岩溶储层发育机制,基于三维地震资料,通过地震属性技术结合现代岩溶理论成果恢复了塔河油田埋深5 000m以下的古水文网络,精细描述了水系发育特征。研究结果表明:东部地区地表水系统具有较大汇水量,水系以强烈的垂向侵蚀作用为主,发育了完整的地表-地下双重水系型水文网络系统;西部地区地表水以水平溶蚀作用为主,地貌较为平缓,尚未产生大型地下水系网络系统,属于地表水系型水文网络系统。东、西部地区地表、地下水文系统动力学机制的不同,为这2个地区岩溶储层发育的差异性提供了合理解释。     

Structures of the Bohai Petroliferous Area, Bohai Bay Basin

This paper, for the first time, deals with a more systematic study of the structures in the Bohaipetroliferous area that covers nearly one third of the Bohai Bay basin. The study mainly involves the effects of preexisting basement faults on the basin formation, the characteristics of basin geometry and kinetics, the modelling of the tectonic-thermal history, the polycyclicity and heterogeneity in the structural evolution and the natural seismic tomographic images of the crust and upper mantle. The authors analyze the features of the dynamic evolution of the basin in the paper and point out that the basin in the Bohai petroliferous area is an extensional pull-apart basin.     

大直径加重管绳索取心技术在页岩气勘探中的应用研究

根据页岩气、煤层气勘探对钻探技术的特殊要求,进行了大直径绳索取心技术的探索研究。文中重点介绍了加重管组合式绳索取心钻具的结构、作用原理及特点,以及施工试验效果。通过施工实践的启示,对大直径绳索取心技术的发展提出了几点认识。