顾及多因子影响的中国区域Tm模型精化研究

利用中国区域2015~2017年探空数据,建立一种顾及地表温度、地表水汽压、高程和纬度的中国区域大气加权平均温度T_m模型（BET模型）。以2018年探空站T_m数据为参考值,分析BET模型精度,并与Bevis模型和GPT3模型进行对比。结果表明,BET模型年均RMSE与bias分别为3.15 K和0.04 K,相比于Bevis模型、1°×1°分辨率的GPT3模型和5°×5°分辨率的GPT3模型,年均RMSE分别降低29.2%、32.8%和39.1%,年均bias分别降低96.4%、96.7%和97.4%,且该模型在中国区域不同高程和纬度上的精度与稳定性优于Bevis模型和GPT3模型。     

A Measure of Magnetic Field Discontinuity

In this paper we introduce a measure of magnetic field discontinuity, MAD, defined as Maximum Angular Difference between two adjacent magnetic field vectors. To examine the characteristics of the MAD, we have considered several active region models having a quadrupolar field configuration and computed MADs over these active regions by approximating the 3-D magnetic fields as an ensemble of charge potential fields or linear force-free fields. The computed MAD fields are studied in comparison with other flare activity indicators such as separators. It is found that (1) the region of high level MAD corresponds well with the separator, or practically the intersection of the separator with the plane of measurement, (2) it singles out local discontinuities of magnetic fields, and (3) the MAD can also be a measure of the evolutionary status of an active region.An observational test has been made for 2-D MADs, using the Yohkoh SXT observation of a flare in AR 6919 and the vector magnetogram taken at the Mees Solar Observatory during this flare activity. The high level contours of 2-D MAD are found to trace well the observed soft X-ray bright points, which indicates that the MAD could serve as a good flare activity indicator.     

HaleBopp彗星的爆发活动

９９６ 年９ 月至１１ 月间,对ＨａｌｅＢｏｐｐ 彗星进行了照相和光电观测．给出观测结果,包括几次爆发和可能的爆发活动     

工业SO2排放对东亚和我国温度变化的影响

根据东亚地区工业ＳＯ２排放资料和硫化物输送模式模拟得到的ＳＯ２－４气溶胶的区域分布状况,计算了ＳＯ２－４对地气系统的直接辐射强迫作用,并用能量平衡模式模拟了其对东亚和我国温度变化的影响。模拟结果和资料分析表明,８０年代以来在全球变暖的背景下,我国南方大部分地区平均气温（特别是日最高温度和白天温度）普遍下降。工业ＳＯ２排放引起的大气中ＳＯ２－４含量的增加可能是引起降温的主要原因之一     

Observations of Dynamic Turbulence in the Lower Stratosphere over Inner Mongolia Using a High-resolution Balloon Sensor Constant Temperature Anemometer

We present characterizations of the dynamic turbulence in the lower stratosphere measured by a new balloon-based system designed for detecting finer scale dynamic turbulence. The balloon-based system included a constant temperature anemometer(CTA) operating at a sampling rate of 2 k Hz at an ascent speed of 5 m s^-1(corresponding to a vertical resolution of 2.5 mm), an industrial personal computer, batteries, sensors for ambient temperature and humidity, an A/D converter, and others. The system was successfully launched to 24 km altitude over Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Province. Results show the spatial intermittence of the turbulence layers, with clear boundaries between turbulent and nonturbulent regions. This is the first time that the dynamic turbulence spectrum down to the viscous sub-range has been obtained throughout the lower stratosphere over China. With that, the energy dissipation rates of dynamic turbulence could be calculated with high precision. The profile of the dissipation rates varied from 7.37 × 10^-7 to 4.23 W kg^-1 and increased with altitude in the stratosphere.     

黄土高原末次间冰期气候的不稳定性特征

欧共体格陵兰冰芯计划(GRIP)中的冰芯资料揭示末次间冰期气候具有快速变化的不稳定性特征,而美国格陵兰冰盖计划(GISP2)却不曾发现其不稳定证据。本文通过黄土高原诸剖面的古气候代用指标综合分析认为,末次间冰期,特别是早期气候曾出现过较大幅度的气候波动,存在不稳定性特征,支持了GRIP结果,表明中国黄土含有极地北大西洋的气候信息,是全球变化研究的理想记录。      

太湖梅梁湾三维水动力学的研究──Ⅰ.模型的建立及结果分析

建立了一个太湖梅梁湾三线水动力学模型,模拟了框架湾的水平及垂直流场分布。结果表明：（1）表面流场与风向一致,而底层流场与表面流场的方向完全相反,表现为很明显的补偿流;（2）水平流速基本上自表层向下递减,过渡层的流速比表层和底层小;（3）在风场的作用下可产生垂直环流系统,其中在东南风的作用下产生逆时针的垂直环流（由南向北看）,而在西北风的作用下产生顺时针垂直环流;（4）垂直速度自岸边向湖中心递减,其量级远小于水平流速。     

太湖梅梁湾三维水动力学模型的研究 Ⅱ.营养盐随三维湖流的扩散规律

建立了太湖梁梁湾三维营养盐浓度扩散模型,研究了三维潮流的作用下,营养盐随风场的扩散情况。结果表明：（１）当梁溪河和闾江口两个污染源同时存在时,西北风最有利于营养盐浓度的扩散,顺着风向形成了一条西北－东南走向的污染带;而东南风却最不利于营养盐浓度的扩散,使得污染范围仅局限于污染附近。     

水合物赋存形式对石英砂电性特征影响的数值模拟研究

天然气水合物储层精确评价关系到储层的生产与开发过程.由于储层微观结构具有非均质性,且水合物合成分解过程中分布形式复杂,水合物储层物性变化规律尚不明晰,从而难以对储层水合物饱和度进行准确预测.为明确水合物赋存模式对电性特征的影响规律,本文基于石英砂样品采用随机模拟的方法实现了颗粒包裹型、孔隙填充型和团簇状分布三类赋存模式...     

新疆蛇绿岩就位机制

蛇绿岩是古代大洋岩石圈的残片 ,但它并不代表正常的洋壳 ,也不能无条件的与现代大洋进行对比。因为蛇绿岩形成环境具有多样性 ,既可以形成于大洋 ,也可以形成于洋中脊、弧后盆地、弧前盆地、岛弧、被动大陆边缘或小洋盆等。蛇绿岩可以形成于多种构造环境 ,在就位机制上也应存在多样化 ,依据新疆实际 ,将蛇绿岩分为 5种就位机制即 :克拉麦里型 (特提斯型 )、特克斯型 (环太平洋型 )、阔克萨勒型 (底辟型 )、唐巴勒型 (过渡型 )、西昆仑仰冲型 (特罗多斯型 )等