Flow cytometry and pigment analyses as tools to investigate the toxicity of herbicides to natural phytoplankton communities

Characterisation of natural phytoplanktonic communities is currently being advanced through flow cytometry and high resolution pigment analyses. To date, toxicological methods to assess impacts of herbicides on natural phytoplankton populations are lacking. Here, we report the novel use of these techniques in combination to study changes in phytoplankton populations exposed to 2-methylthio-4-tertiary-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-s-triazine (Irgarol 1051), a herbicide used in antifouling paints. Flow cytometry results revealed that following a 72-h exposure to approximately 100 ngL(-1), eukaryote abundance was less than half that in the controls. High performance liquid chromatographic analyses of pigments demonstrated that 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin was selectively lost relative to the control. This carotenoid is specific to the prymnesiophytes which are key constituents of phytoplanktonic communities within temperate marine waters. Values of EC(50) (72 h) as low as 70 ngL(-1) were calculated from the selective reduction in this compound. Concentrations substantially exceeding this level have been reported in UK and other European coastal waters.     

Relationship between Granite and Eclogite on the Southern Margin of the Qilian Mountains: Evidence from Zircon SHRIMP Agesof the Aolaoshan Granite

Zircon SHRIMP ages of the Aolaoshan granite on the south margin of the Qilian Mts. range from 445±15.3 to 496±7.6 Ma (averaging 473 Ma), belonging to the Early Ordovician. Geochemically, the granite is similar to I-type granite and, tectonically, was formed in an island-arc environment based on relevant diagrams for structural discriminations. Considering also the regional geology, the authors suggest that the granite is part of an ultrahigh-pressure belt on the south margin of the Qilian Mts. and that its formation bears a close relationship to this belt.     

《地球物理学报》被著名检索系统引证情况

《地球物理学报》已进入ＳＣＩ、ＣＡ、日本科技文献速报、俄罗斯文摘杂志、ＣＳＣＤ(中国科技论文统计源数据库 )、ＣＳＣＩ(中国科学引文索引 (数据库 ) )等 2 0余种国内外检索系统。被引证情况列举如下ＣＳＣＩ年被引频次影响因子基金和资助论文比例地区分布数1 9986590 .60 0 0 .77 1 51 999 793 0 .6880 .84 1 6　 (地球科学类中排位第一 ) (地球科学类中排位第二 )ＣＳＣＤ( 1 994— 1 998年数据统计 )年 1 9981 997 1 9961 9951 994总　计总被引频次 53 2 93 2 4 83 3 0 7 2 2 1 2 4 75(在全国百名表中排位第十 )编辑部电话 /传真 :0…     

南非太古代林波波带麻粒岩带南缘的主要剪切变形带

太古代高级区的林波波带(LB)位于卡普瓦尔和津巴布韦克拉通间,中心带(CZ)是由主要为东-东北向的走向滑移韧性剪切带从南边缘带(SMZ)和北边缘带(NMZ)分离出来的。而南边缘带是先前主要为麻粒岩的高级片麻岩区,它们复杂而广泛的外来体变形和出现主要地壳剪切带为特征。这些剪切带出现在南部边缘带内,并且与卡普瓦尔克拉通低级变质的花岗岩绿岩地体相接触。经研究南部边缘带经历了两次明显的构造旋回:形成于麻粒岩条件下的早期褶皱构造运动(T_1),和同样形成于麻粒岩条件下的较年轻的剪切构造运动(T_2)。两次构造运动的相互叠加,在露头和区城内均形成了复合型褶皱。卡普瓦尔克拉通与南部边缘带的过渡带是以地壳重力增加和传导性增加为特征,地球物理资料也证实了南部边缘带的高级岩向南逆掩推覆到Hout河剪切带附近的低级岩石     

Sequence of the Cenozoic Mammalian Faunas of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China

In the Linxia Basin on the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau, the Cenozoic strata are very thick and well exposed. Abundant mammalian fossils are discovered in the deposits from the Late Oligocene to the Early Pleistocene. The Dzungariotherium fauna comes from the sandstones of the Jiaozigou Formation, including many representative Late Oligocene taxa. The Platybelodon fauna comes from the sandstones of the Dongxiang Formation and the conglomerates of the Laogou Formation, and its fossils are typical Middle Miocene forms, such as Hemicyon, Amphicyon, Platybelodon, Choerolophodon, Anchitherium, and Hispanotherium. The Hipparion fauna comes from the red clay of the Liushu and Hewangjia Formations, and its fossils can be distinctly divided into four levels, including three Late Miocene levels and one Early Pliocene level. In the Linxia Basin, the Hipparion fauna has the richest mammalian fossils. The Equus fauna comes from the Wucheng Loess, and it is slightly older than that of the classical Early Pl     

PETROLOGIC AND GEOCHRONOLOGIC STUDIES OF THE KONGUR SHAN DETACHMENT SYSTEM, CENTRAL PAMIR

PETROLOGIC AND GEOCHRONOLOGIC STUDIES     

Toxicity of 1,4-dichlorobenzene in sediments to juvenile polychaete worms

Investigation of sediment contamination associated with a marine sewage outfall in Victoria (BC, Canada) found elevated concentrations of 1,4-dichlorobenzene (1,4-DCB). Juvenile polychaete worm (Neanthes) growth was significantly reduced at or near the outfall, roughly corresponding to elevated 1,4-DCB concentrations. There are few data on 1,4-DCB toxicity to marine organisms and no published literature on its toxicity to benthic marine organisms. To determine whether reduced polychaete growth (measured as dry weight) was due to 1,4-DCB exposure, a laboratory investigation was conducted. Uncontaminated marine sediment was spiked with 1,4-DCB and juvenile Neanthes were exposed in 20-d sublethal toxicity tests. There were no adverse effects on survival at any test concentration; mean survival was 80–100%. Statistically significant decreases in average dry weight only occurred at the highest 1,4-DCB concentration (19,900 μg/kg, dry weight); this represented a 1,4-DCB concentration more than 10 times higher than previously measured at the outfall (1710 μg/kg, dry weight). There were no adverse effects on survival or dry weight at the range of concentrations previously measured in sediments from the vicinity of the outfall.     

An electrochemical RNA hybridization assay for detection of the fecal indicator bacterium Escherichia coli

Monitoring waters for indicator bacteria is required to protect the public from exposure to fecal pollution. Our proof-of-concept study describes a method for detecting fecal coliforms. The coliform Escherichia coli was used as a model fecal indicator. DNA probe-coated magnetic beads in combination with the electrochemical monitoring of the oxidation state of guanine nucleotides should allow for direct detection of bacterial RNA. To demonstrate this concept, we used voltammetry in connection with pencil electrodes to detect isolated E. coli 16S rRNA. Using this approach, 10(7) cells of E. coli were detected in a quantitative, reproducible fashion in 4h. Detection was achieved without a nucleic acid amplification step. The specificity of the assay for coliforms was demonstrated by testing against a panel of bacterial RNA. We also show that E. coli RNA can be detected directly from cell extracts. The method could be used for on-site detection and shows promise for adaptation into automated biosensors for water-quality monitoring.