Patterns in the Turkish reinsurance claim data, 1998–2002: An application of the extreme value theory

The devastating 1999 Marmara and Düzce earthquakes led to a significant increase in the earthquake studies in Turkey in geological, engineering and financial aspects. Extreme Value Theory (EVT) has a range of applications from stock market changes to natural disasters like floods and hurricanes. Here EVT is fitted to the ordinary and earthquake reinsurance claims of Turkey.     

Measurements of gradients of gravity in mines

¶rt;am mu ¶rt; m mua nu¶rt;nmuaa u nmm a u n¶rt;nuu, m nmm m u u amu m ma u. auam mam a¶rt;ua¶rt;um ama mamau, nu nu nu ¶rt;u m¶rt;.     

On the expanding earth hypothesis

Summary The hypothesis of an expanding Earth is discussed on the basis of lunar laser ranging It is provcd that the given data do not indicate a secular increase in the principal moment of the Earth's inertia which would have to occur if the Earth were really expanding.

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¶rt;amunma au u mu u ammuu a¶rt;u u ¶rt;a n a auu . aam, m n mu ¶rt;a m umamu amaua ma uuu u, m ¶rt; nmmam auu, u n¶rt; u m.

     

Über die Verteilung der aus Gezeitenbeobachtungen bestimmten gravimetrischen Faktoren in Europa

auamaumuu am, n u a¶rt;u nuu n ¶rt;a ₂, ₂, ₁ u ₁ (u. 1–4). na ¶rt;a ¶rt;am au ¶rt;um au an¶rt;u mu naam. a n¶rt;aam unam nu nuu nna m uu u u mmu mam ¶rt; uu u a a mau n.

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Vorgetragen am 2. Internationalen Symposium Geodäsie und Physik der Erde, Potsdam, Mai 1973.     

Triaxiality of Halley's Comet

There are many aspects of observational evidence that cometary nuclei have irregular or nonspherical shape. The triaxial figure of the Halley's Comet nucleus is a well known fact. Therefore, the nucleus shape plays a significant role in consideration of the formation and evolution of comets and several attempts have been made to explain their nonsphericity. These studies were mainly based on the random-walk schemes for the aggregation processes. Although some results indeed lead to irregularities and deviation from sphericity, the spherical or irregular shape seem to be prevailing results. On the other hand the triaxial figure can be formed by the tidal and rotational forces. Thus, the assumption that the shape of the cometary nucleus due to some of these effects is in principle acceptable. In here assumed scenario already evolved cometary nucleus is situated as a satellite in the gravitation field of a planetary-like body. Since the rigidity of the nucleus is low, it may be easily transferred in the state of a synchronous satellite and in its shape could be imprinted the dynamical effects from this epoch. Here presented results indicate, that such a possibility should be seriously considered. The theory of this process is applied to the nucleus of comet Halley. It is shown, that the nucleus might be synchronously orbiting around a planetary-like hypothetical body with a period of 0.7 days. The minimal bulk tensile strength of the cometary material of about 10² N m^–2 is estimated.     

The estimate of the deceleration in the earth's rotation due to the sun

The tidal long-term decrease in the angular velocity of the Earth's rotation has been estimated on the basis of the angular momentum tidal balance in the Earth-Moon-Sun system. The observed (LLR) tidal long-term decrease in the Moon's mean motion, the apparent secular acceleration in the mean longitude of the Sun and the long-term decrease in the 2nd degree zonal geopotential parameter were used.Presented at the XXth General Assembly of the I.A.G., Vienna, August 15, 1991.     

Geoidal potential free of zero-frequency tidal distortion

It has been proved that the geoidal valueW ₀ is not dependent on the system used for defining the geoid surface. It is the same for the zero-frequency tidal system, mean system and tide-free system. It has been suggested,W ₀ be adopted as primary constant defining the length dimensions of celestial bodies.     

The mean curvature of the external equipotential surface and the vertical gravity gradient as functions of stokes's constants

Summary The mean curvature of the equipotential surface and the vertical gradient of gravity are expressed in terms of a development into a series of spherical harmonics [1, 2, 4], neglecting terms of the order of 10^–8. The curvature anomalies have been computed using the satellite data [3]. The symbols used are the same as in [5].Dedicated to 90th Birthday of Professor Frantiek Fiala     

Converting Radial Distortions Due to Geopotential Models to Geopotential Stokes Coefficients

A methodology for improving geopotential models has been developed. Theoretical relations have been derived converting coefficients in harmonic expansions for radial distortions due to geopotential models into geopotential Stokes coefficients. Terms of the order of 10 ^–10 in magnitude have been retained.