Electromagnetic field measurements at 60 Hz in the sea near Montauk Point, NY, and New London, CT

The 60-Hz electromagnetic fields in the Atlantic Ocean off Montauk Point, NY, and from Block Island Sound to the harbor in New London, CT, have been measured to determine the levels of interference to an extremely low frequency (ELF) receiver. Such data are needed to specify how close to the coastline an ELF receiver can come before 60-Hz external interference will degrade system performance. The data indicate that degradation to the ELF receiver from 60-Hz external interference will not occur offshore, but may occur within the confines of New London Harbor.     

Die Struktur des K2MgF4

Zusammenfassung Die Struktur des K₂MgF₄ wurde untersucht. Es ergab sich: Raumgruppe I 4/m m m ₂,a ₀ = 3,977 Å,c ₀ = 13,16 Å, Inhalt der Elementarzelle zwei Formeleinheiten. Die Struktur besteht aus Schichten zweidimensional-unendlich miteinander verknüpfter MgF₆-Koordinationsoktaeder, was rich auch in der Art der Spaltbarkeit und Optik äußert.

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Herrn Professor Dr.Carl W. Correns zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Oxygen and strontium isotope ratios in some ejecta from the Alban Hills volcanic area,Roman comagmatic region

CaSO₄ has been investigated at room temperature over the pressure range of 0 to 160 kbar. A reversible, sluggish transition that occurs at about 20 kbar with a volume change of about 4% has been confirmed. The x-ray powder data collected at pressure can be indexed on the monoclinic monazite structure cell (P2₁/n) which is considered to be the most likely model structure for the new HP CaSO₄ phase. The transition is largely distortional and involves rotation and displacement, but essentially preserves the chains of edge shared CaO₈₍₉₎ and SO₄ polyhedra found in the orthorhombic anhydrite (Bbmm) structure.     

Meridional transport of HCN from SL9 impacts on Jupiter

In July 1994, the Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL9) impacts introduced hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to Jupiter at a well confined latitude band around −44°, over a range of specific longitudes corresponding to each of the 21 fragments (Bézard et al. 1997, Icarus 125, 94-120). This newcomer to Jupiter's stratosphere traces jovian dynamics. HCN rapidly mixed with longitude, so that observations recorded later than several months after impact witnessed primarily the meridional transport of HCN north and south of the impact latitude band. We report spatially resolved spectroscopy of HCN emission 10 months and 6 years following the impacts. We detect a total mass of HCN in Jupiter's stratosphere of 1.5±0.7×10¹³ g in 1995 and 1.7±0.4×10¹³ g in 2000, comparable to that observed several days following the impacts (Bézard et al. 1997, Icarus 125, 94-120). In 1995, 10 months after impact, HCN spread to −30° and −65° latitude (half column masses), consistent with a horizontal eddy diffusion coefficient of K_yy=2-3×10¹⁰ cm² s⁻¹. Six years following impact HCN is observed in the northern hemisphere, while still being concentrated at 44° south latitude. Our meridional distribution of HCN suggests that mixing occurred rapidly north of the equator, with K_yy=2-5×10¹¹ cm² s⁻¹, consistent with the findings of Moreno et al. (2003, Planet. Space Sci. 51, 591-611) and Lellouch et al. (2002, Icarus 159, 112-131). These inferred eddy diffusion coefficients for Jupiter's stratosphere at 0.1-0.5 mbar generally exceed those that characterize transport on Earth. The low abundance of HCN detected at high latitudes suggests that, like on Earth, polar regions are dynamically isolated from lower latitudes.     

Supplemental satellites and lunisolar precession

Summary Two earth orbiting satellites with the same semimajor axes and eccentricities, but supplemental inclinations, define a direction — the bisector of their nodal lines — which is free from the secular motion due to the oblateness of the earth (Ciufolini 1986). We show that the inclination and the longitude of the node refer to the direction of the angular momentum of the earth. Because of the lunisolar precession and nutation, the longitude of the bisector so defined changes in a way dependent on the orientation of the angular momentum. If the relativistic Lense-Thirring precession is assumed, its measurement with two supplemental satellites will give information about the precessional and nutational constants.Research supported by the Piano Spazïale Nazionale of Italy.     

Zur geschichtlichen Entwicklung der amerikanischen Kupfererzeugung

Ohne Zusammenfassung