一种互补的矢量地图数据数字水印算法

针对当前矢量地图数据数字算法应对各类水印攻击的不同优劣特性,提出了一种变换域算法和空间域算法互补结合的水印算法,通过两者结合,优劣互补。实验表明,该算法对绝大多数攻击具有较好的鲁棒性,是一种比较好的水印嵌入方法。     

南海礁栖海藻共附生真菌Pestalotiopsis neglecta SCSIO41 403次级代谢产物研究

研究南海礁栖腔节藻Coelarthrum sp.共附生真菌Pestalotiopsis neglecta SCSIO41403的次级代谢产物。采用中压正相柱层析色谱法和半制备高效液相色谱法, 对真菌发酵产物进行分离纯化, 制备获得6个次级代谢产物单体化合物, 使用核磁共振、质谱等波谱学方法, 结合其理化性质以及文献数据对比, 分别鉴定为: gamahorin (1)、microsporaline C (2)、7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-4,6-dimethylphthalidc (3)、demethyl nectriapyrone A (4)、4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (5)和4-hydroxyphenethyl acetate (6)。这6个化合物均为首次从该菌株发现, 其中化合物1、2、5和6是首次从海洋动植物共附生真菌中发现。抗菌活性筛选显示其中化合物3对白色念珠菌有明显抑制活性。     

The Effects of Line-Wing Cutoff in LBL Integration on Radiation Calculations

There are three basic methods in radiative transfer calculations, i.e., line-by-line (LBL) integration, correlated k-distribution method, and band model. The LBL integration is the most accurate of all, in which, there are two quadrature algorithms named in this paper as integration by lines and by sampling "points when calculating atmospheric transmittance in the considered wavenumber region. Because the LBL integration is the most expensive of all, it is necessary and important to save calculation time but increase calculation speed when it is put into use in the daily operation in atmospheric remote sensing and atmospheric sounding. A simplified LBL method is given in this paper on the basis of integration by lines, which increases computational speed greatly with keeping the same accuracy. Then, we discuss the effects of different cutoff schemes on atmospheric absorption coefficient, transmittance, and cooling rate under both of accurate and simplified LBL methods in detail. There are four cutoff schemes described in this paper, i.e., CUTOFFs 1, 2, 3, and 4. It is shown by this numerical study that the way to cut off spectral line-wing has a great effect on the accuracy and speed of radiative calculations. The relative errors of the calculated absorption coefficients for CUTOFF 2 are the largest under different pressures, while for CUTOFF 1, they are less than 2% at most of sampling points and for CUTOFFs 3 or 4, they are ahnost less than 5% in the calculated spectral region, however, the calculation time is reduced greatly. We find in this study that the transmittance in the lower atmosphere is not sensitive to different LBL methods and different cutoff schemes. Whereas for the higher atmosphere, the differences of transmittance results between CUTOFF 2 and each of other three cutoff schemes are the biggest of all no matter for the accurate LBL or for the simplified LBL integrations. By comparison, the best and optimized cutoff scheme is given in this paper finally.     

Geochemistry of the high-Mg andesites at Zhangwu, western Liaoning: Implication for delamination of newly formed lower crust

Ten volcanic samples at Zhangwu,western Liaoning Province,North China were selected for a sys-tematic geochemical,mineralogical and geochronological study,which provides an opportunity to ex-plore the interaction between the continental crust and mantle beneath the north margin of the North China craton.Except one basalt sample(SiO2= 50.23%),the other nine samples are andesitic with SiO2 contents ranging from 53% to 59%.They have relatively high MgO(3.4%―6.1%,Mg#=50―64) and Ni and Cr contents(Ni 27×10?6―197×10?6,Cr 51×10?6―478×10?6).Other geochemical characteristics of Zhangwu high-Mg andesites(HMAs) include strong fractionation of light rare earth elements(LREE) from heavy rare earth elements(HREE),and Sr from Y,with La/Yb greater than 15,and high Sr/Y(34― 115).Zircons of andesite YX270 yield three age groups with no Precambrian age,which precludes ori-gin of the Zhangwu HMAs from the partial melting of the Precambrian crust.The oldest age group peaking at 253 Ma is interpreted to represent the collision of the Siberia block and the North China block,resulting in formation of the Central Asian orogenic belt by closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.The intermediate age group corresponds to the basalt underplating which caused the wide-spread coeval granitoids in the North China craton with a peak 206Pb/238U age of 172 Ma.The youngest age group gives a 206Pb/238U age of 126±2 Ma,which is interpreted as the eruption age of the Zhangwu HMAs.The high 87Sr/86Sri(126 Ma)>0.706 and low εNd(t)= ?6.36―?13.99 of the Zhangwu HMAs are distinct from slab melts.The common presence of reversely zoned clinopyroxene phenocrysts in the Zhangwu HMAs argues against the origin of the Zhangwu HMAs either from melting of the water saturated mantle or melting of the lower crust.In light of the evidence mentioned above,the envisaged scenario for the formation of the Zhangwu HMAs is related to the basaltic underplating at the base of the crust,which led to the thickening of the lower crust and formation of lower crustal eclogite,followed by foundering of the eclogitic lower crust into the asthenosphere.The foundered eclogite then melted and the resul-tant melts interacted with surrounding peridotite during their upward transport,which finally produced the high-Mg andesites.This well explains the high-Mg adakitic characters and absence of ancient in-herited zircon in the Zhangwu lavas.     

新型氢化物发生技术--可移动还原床氢化物发生器Ⅰ.可移动还原床氢化物发生器的结构及特征

发展了一种新型的氢化物发生技术--可移动还原床氢化物发生器,可以实现微升级样品的分析而不需要对样品进行酸化和使用气-液分离器.给出了装置的结构、操作,试验并优化了固体还原剂与有机酸的质量配比、反应腔体体积、进样量等反应条件.该技术易于实现自动化,可作为液相色谱、毛细管电泳和其他色谱分离技术与光谱检测技术之间的接口.     

基于水淘选分级的长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中磷的形态分布和迁移转化

磷是一种重要的生源要素,在河口、边缘海的初级生产中发挥重要作用,了解沉积物中磷的形态分布和迁移转化有助于深入了解该区域生态系统动力学。于2013年3月在长江口及邻近海域采集了表层沉积物样品,利用水淘选方法对沉积物进行了分级,并采用化学连续提取法分析了未分级和分级沉积物样品中的6种磷形态含量:可交换态磷、活性有机磷、铁结合态磷、自生磷灰石磷、碎屑磷和难分解有机磷,讨论了该区域沉积物中磷的形态分布、选择性输运过程和迁移转化。沉积物中总磷含量在14.0~18.4 μmol/g,其中碎屑磷是其主要成分,占54.5%,其次是有机磷和难分解有机磷,分别占到15.1%和13.1%。不同粒级沉积物中磷形态含量不同,可交换态磷、活性有机磷、铁结合态磷、自生磷灰石磷和难分解有机磷随粒级增加含量逐渐降低,而碎屑磷主要集中在粗粒级（大于32 μm）沉积物中。基于各粒级磷形态的质量分布,发现小于32 μm粒级的沉积物中各磷形态含量从长江口向浙闽沿岸逐渐增加,向外海方向逐渐减小,而大于32 μm沉积物的变化趋势与此相反,体现了不同形态磷的选择性输运。随粒径增大,总有机碳对有机磷比值（TOC/Or-P）先降低后升高,在大粒级沉积物中,TOC/Or-P比值较高主要是因为陆源有机碳贡献较高,而在小粒级沉积物中,主要是由于有机磷的迁移和转化更为活跃,体现了细颗粒物中有机磷相对有机碳的优先分解。本研究表明,从分级的角度可以对河口、边缘海的磷循环有一个更全面的认识。     

The effects of land use on runoff and soil nutrient losses in a gully catchment of the hilly areas： implications for erosion control

1 Introduction Soiland waterlossisoneofthe worldwide environm entalissuesthreatening sustainable land use in semiarid areas.However,soiland water loss is highly variable in space and time,and its variability resultsfrom m any factorsoperating ata wide ran…     

金乌贼(Sepia esculenta)蛋白抗氧化肽的酶解制备及活性评价

采用木瓜蛋白酶水解金乌贼(Sepia esculenta)蛋白, 利用超滤、凝胶色谱和反相高效液相色谱从金乌贼蛋白水解物中制备抗氧化肽, 采用氨基酸序列分析仪和质谱(ESI-MS)确定抗氧化肽结构, 采用自由基清除实验和脂质过氧化抑制实验对多肽抗氧化能力进行评价。结果表明, 金乌贼蛋白经木瓜蛋白酶水解和分离纯化得到1个抗氧化肽(AEH-P3), 经氨基酸序列分析和质谱(ESI-MS)确定其结构为Ala-Pro-Pro-Glu-Asn-Gly-Met-Ala-Gln-Met (APPENGMAQM), 分子量为1045.22Da。体外抗氧化实验结果表明: AEH-P3对DPPH自由基(EC50 4.01mg/mL)、羟自由基(EC50 4.66mg/mL)、ABTS自由基(EC50 3.44mg/mL)和超氧阴离子自由基(EC50 6.03mg/mL)具有良好的清除作用, Ala-Pro-Pro-Glu-Asn-Gly-Met-Ala-Gln-Met (APPENGMAQM)亦显示出了良好的脂质过氧化抑制作用, 可以用于抗氧化相关的功能食品、药物或者食品添加剂。     

多元统计在大洋玄武岩同位素端元识别中的应用

应用因子分析的方差最大旋转和非线性映射方法对海洋玄武岩Sr、Nd、Pb同位素数据在多维空间中的数据结构进行了分析。研究表明这些数据在多维空间中呈五角形结构,并对应5个地幔端元:大西洋中脊玄武岩(DMM),圣埃伦那(HIMU),鲸岛(EMI),萨摩亚岛(EMII)和DS(EMIII).其中DS(EMIII)是本文新识别出来的一个地幔端元,它可能是重新进入地幔的具有较高古老放射成因Pb的下地壳物质。