基于多智能体的土地利用模拟与规划模型

利用多智能体和元胞自动机对城市土地资源的可持续利用进行了规划。根据环境经济学资源分配原理和可持续发展理论,提出结合多智能体及元胞自动机的微观规划模型,在时间和空间上合理分配及规划城市土地资源的利用,以避免浪费不可再生的土地资源。该模型由相互作用的多智能体层、元胞自动机层和环境因素层组成,可方便地探索不同土地利用政策下城市土地利用发展情景,能够为城市规划提供有用的决策依据。以广州市海珠区为实验区,在可持续发展为前提的规划下,模拟了1995-2010年的城市扩展的动态变化,并讨论了在不同规划情景下城市土地资源的利用效率及合理性。     

甘肃省城市化与土地集约利用耦合协调发展

土地集约利用能够促进城市化健康发展,而城市化水平又影响着土地集约利用水平,两者的耦合协调程度是影响城市发展的关键因素。本文对甘肃省12个地级市进行实证研究,构建城市化与土地集约利用的耦合协调发展度模型,定量评价两者之间的耦合协调发展状况,并且利用地理空间分析工具进行空间聚类分析。结果表明:多数市已经从拮抗期过渡到磨合期,但是还没有进入协调期,说明甘肃省城市化与土地集约利用之间还未完全达到完全协调发展的程度;甘肃省城市化与土地集约利用的耦合协调发展度普遍较低,从2003年开始呈现出逐年扩张的趋势。     

铜陵新桥层状菱铁矿成因的矿物学证据及成矿意义

安徽铜陵新桥矿区二叠系栖霞组底部和石炭系黄龙组—船山组之间产出层状、似层状菱铁矿矿层。开展菱铁矿矿层成因研究对于深入剖析区域层控矽卡岩型铜铁矿床成矿机制具有重要意义。本文利用粉晶X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）对菱铁矿矿石进行矿物学研究,结果发现菱铁矿矿石主要由菱铁矿、石英、伊利石和有机质等组成,菱铁矿颗粒粒径较小,表面具有成岩自生的自形石英硬模的微结构,SEM原位微区成分分析显示菱铁矿中除了主量元素铁,还含有大量的锰、锌和钙。矿石中存在两种微结构和不同成因的石英：表面具菱铁矿硬模和次生加大结构的碎屑石英;具六方双锥、单锥以及生物成因球形的自生石英。菱铁矿矿石的组成和矿物表面微结构表明其为沉积成因,非岩浆热液起源。富有机质和亚铁的沉积菱铁矿层和沉积胶状黄铁矿层协同作用,可能是铜陵地区乃至长江中下游成矿带层状铜铁矿床层控性重要制约因素,以及可能作为燕山期中酸岩浆演化的氧化性含铜成矿流体卸载成矿的地球化学还原障。

     

港口爆破施工的主要环境影响及评价方法

通过对常见的三种港口爆破施工方法——炸礁、爆破挤淤以及开山填海等的介绍,分析炸礁、爆破挤淤以及开山填海主要环境影响,并提出对三种施工方法环境影响的预测评价的方法。     

东平原狭蚌虫外壳的组织学研究

本文对东平原狭蚌虫外壳的组织结构进行了研究。外壳由内外角质层、内外上皮层和皮下结缔组织共同组成。外角质层厚,较规则。上皮细胞有柱状细胞和具有胞突的锥形细胞两种形态。同侧及相对两侧的上皮胞突相连接,构成了许多具有血细胞的血腔隙。     

QUEST on DASI: a South Pole CMB polarization experiment

QUEST on DASI is a ground-based, high-sensitivity, high-resolution (ℓ_max2500) experiment designed to map CMB polarization at 100 and 150 GHz and to measure the power spectra from E-modes, B-modes from lensing of the CMB, and B-modes from primordial gravitational waves. The experiment comprises a 2.6 m Cassegrain optical system, equipped with an array of 62 polarization-sensitive bolometers (PSBs), located at the South Pole. The instrument is designed to minimize systematic effects; features include differencing of pairs of orthogonal PSBs within a single feed, a rotatable achromatic waveplate, and axisymmetric rotatable optics. In addition the South Pole location allows both repeatable and highly controlled observations. QUEST on DASI will commence operation in early 2005.     

企业网络发育程度与区域创新能力研究

本文从分析企业网络的发育和完善程度出发，探讨影响网络创新能力的因素。文章指出，网络发育程度与创新能力(创新数量、创新发生的频率)是正相关的。从宏观上讲网络越密集、各种正式和非正式联系越有效、网络联系越稳定、网络自我更新能力越强、网络的开放性越强、网络越能根植于当地的良好的区域环境，越容易激发创新；从微观上讲，网络中行为主体的学习能力越强，其创新发生频率越高，创新能力越强。     

中国近代北方极端干湿事件的演变规律

Using monthly precipitation and monthly mean temperature, a surface humid index was proposed. According to the index, the distributed characteristics of extreme dryness has been fully analyzed. The results indicated that there is an obvious increasing trend of extreme dryness in the central part of northern China and northeastern China in the last 10 years, which shows a high frequency period of extreme dryness; while a low frequency period in the regions during the last 100 years. Compared with variation trend of the temperature in these regions, the region of high frequent extreme dryness is consistent with the warming trend in the same region.     

秦山核电站邻近水域石油降解细菌的生态学研究

本文分析了1989年4月(春),7月(夏),10月(秋)和1990年1月(冬)秦山邻近水域表层水中石油降解细菌的丰度和分布规律,同时比较了温度、含油量、营养盐、溶解氧、盐度等环境因素对其数量变动的影响。分析结果发现,测区表层水中石油降解菌数量最高值达1.1×10~5个/dm~3,最低值为400个/dm~3,季节变化波动于97～4.9×10~4个/dm~3之间,菌量变化与水温,含油量呈正相关,与盐度呈负相关趋势,认为测区高营养盐、高溶解氧状况可能不成为石油降解细菌生长繁殖的限制因子,并指出测区低丰度的石油降解菌数量与该海区低水平的油污是一致的。     

Storage and density of soil organic carbon in urban topsoil of hilly cities: A case study of Chongqing Municipality of China

Rapid urbanization results in the conversion of natural soil to urban soil,and consequently,the storage and density of the soil carbon pools change.Taking Chongqing Municipality of China as a study case,this investigation attempts to better understand soil carbon pools in hilly cities.First,the vegetated areas in the study area were derived from QuickBird images.Then,topsoil data from 220 soil samples(0-20 cm) in the vegetated areas were collected and their soil organic carbon(SOC) densities were analyzed.Using the Kriging interpolation method,the spatial pattern of SOC was estimated.The results show that the SOC density exhibited high spatial variability in the urban topsoil of Chongqing.First,the SOC density in topsoil decreased according to slope in the order 2°-6° < 25°-90° < 0°-2° < 6°-15° < 15°-25°.Second,the newly developed areas during 2001-2010 had a lower SOC density than the areas built before 1988.Third,urban parks and gardens had a higher SOC density in topsoil,residential green land followed,and scattered street green land ranked last.For hilly cities,the variability of terrain affects the distribution of SOC.The Kriging results indicate that Kriging method combining slope with SOC density produced a high level of accuracy.The Kriging results show that the SOC density to the north of the Jialing River was higher than the south.The vegetated areas were estimated to amount to 73.5 km2 across the study area with an SOC storage of 0.192 Tg and an average density of 2.61 kg/m2.