吉林省南部早太古宙上壳岩地球化学特征

吉林省南部早太古宙上壳岩是太古宙高级区的组成部分,它包括变质火山岩和变质沉积岩,其中各类变质火山岩的地球化学特征与康迪统计的太古宙同类岩石大致可此。本区上壳岩随SiO_2含量增高,ΣREE逐渐增高。各类岩石普遍具Ce、Eu的负异常,表明它们具相同的成岩环境。     

Indirect vs. Direct Effects of Anthropogenic Sulfate on the Climate of East Asia as Simulated with a Regional Coupled Climate-Chemistry/Aerosol Model

We intercompare a series of multi-year simulations with a coupled regionalchemistry-climate model for east Asia to assess the relative importance ofdirect and indirect (Type I) effects of anthropogenic sulfate on the climateof the region. Both direct and indirect aerosol effects induce a negativeradiative forcing that results in a cooling of the surface and in a decrease of precipitation. Under present day sulfur emissions,the direct aerosol effects prevail during the cold season, while the indirecteffects dominate in the warm season (when cloudiness is maximum over the region). When both the direct and indirect effects are included, the surface cooling varies in the range of –0.1 to over –1 K throughout the region and extended areas ofstatistically significant cooling are found in all seasons except winter.The indirect effects largely dominate in inhibiting precipitation, especiallyduring the summer. When doubling the sulfur emissions, the direct effects aresubstantially strengthened, while the indirect effects are only marginally affected. This indicates that the indirect effects over the region might be asymptotically approaching their maximum efficiency. Overall, the indirect effects appear necessary to explain theobserved temperature record over some regions of China, at least in the warm season.A number of uncertainties need to be addressed, such as due to Type IIindirect effects, modeling of the relationship between aerosol concentration and cloud optical properties, and contribution of aerosols other than anthropogenic sulfate.     

试谈党员是思想政治工作的主力军

思想政治工作是我们党的优良传统和政治优势，是我们党的传家宝。党的性质决定了党员必须是思想政治工作的主力军；气象事业结构调整要求党员必须是思想政治工作的主力军；气象事业改革发展体现了党员是思想政治工作的主力军；气象事业可持续发展需要党员是思想政治工作的主力军。     

挤扩支盘桩在地下建筑抗浮设计中的应用

对目前地下建筑的各种抗浮措施进行了分析,根据挤扩支盘桩的受力特征,提出了采用挤扩支盘桩作为抗浮桩的新思路,给出了挤扩支盘桩单桩承载力的计算公式和构造要求,阐述了该方法的施工要点,并结合工程实例进行了技术经济分析。工程实践表明,采用挤扩支盘桩解决地下建筑抗浮问题是一种比较经济、合理的新方法。     

Seasonal and extraseasonal predictions of summer monsoon precipitation by gems(1)

A semi-operational real time short-term climate prediction system has been developed in the Center of Climate and Environment Prediction Research (CCEPRE), Institute of Atmospheric Physics / Chinese Academy of Sciences. The system consists of the following components: the AGCM and OGCM and their coupling, initial conditions and initialization, practical schemes of anomaly prediction, ensemble prediction and its standard deviation, correction of GCM output, and verification of prediction. The experiences of semi-operational real-time prediction by using this system for six years 1989-1994) and of hindcasting for 1980-1989 are reported. It is shown that in most cases large positive and negative anomalies of summer precipitation resulting in disastrous climate events such as severe flood or drought over East Asia can be well predicted for two seasons in advance, although the quantitatively statistical skill scores are only satisfactory due to the difficulty in correctly predicting the signs of small anomalies. Some methods for removing the systematic errors and introducing corrections to the GCM output arc suggested. The sensitivity of pre-diction to the initial conditions and the problem of ensemble prediction are also discussed in the paper     

论吉林省韧性剪切带地质特征及分布规律

韧性剪切带是地壳较深层次的变形产物，具有特殊的构造特征，吉林省韧性剪切带主要分布于前寒纪和古生代变质岩系中，本文论述了吉林省韧性剪切带的地质特征及分布规律，讨论了韧性剪切带对金，多金属矿床的控制作用。     

硅灰石的发光性

紫外荧光分析和阴极射线发光分析表明,硅灰石的发光颜色与激活剂锰、猝灭剂铁的成分密切有关.由于两者含量不同显现不同颜色和亮度.硅灰石Mn~(2+)的辐射为500—700nm的宽谱带,峰位在565nm附近,峰位也受成分含量控制.铜陵、冯家山、小箕铺等地的硅灰石具较强的发光性,色纯艳.热发光分析表明,热发光峰的温度和数目能反映硅灰石的成因特点.硅灰石热发光峰通常出现255-280℃,240-255℃两个峰.     

介形虫壳元素成分的初步测试

用能谱仪初步测试了46个介形虫样品的元素成分,结果表明现代介形虫壳的元素成分变化小,Ca为其主要成分(含Ca94.12—99.8％),Si、Al含量很低。新生代介形虫壳的成分和现代介形虫壳的成分相似.中生代和古生代的介形虫壳含Ca量减少,Si、Al含量增高,还含微量的K、Mn、Fe、S、Mg等元素.介形虫壳成分的变化,推测与地质时期中介形虫的埋藏条件和石化程度等有关.     

黔南纯碳酸盐岩航摄影象特征

<正> 贵州南部是全国岩溶发育的典型地区之一。其范围系指苗岭以南,黔桂交界以北,凯里、三都以西,紫云、哑都以东的广大区域(见图1)。     

航空象片在区域岩溶地貌研究中的应用

<正> 我们在研究黔南地区岩溶发育规律的过程中,充分利用遥感遥测技术手段,对岩溶地貌形态成因类型及控制因素,分项系统地进行了四万平方公里1∶5万航片解译。在岩溶地貌的形态特征、地貌分带、同一岩溶期内地貌演化的横向变化、地质构造及岩性对地貌发育的影响、地下水的分布规律等方面,都收到了比较良好的效果,弥补了地面观察难以建立的空间概念,大大减轻了野外调查任务,可见遥感、遥测技术是一种省时、省力、见效快的工作方法,是研究区域岩溶发育规律及编制不同比例尺岩溶地质图不可缺少的重要手段。