桂东大瑶山南缘社山花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素特征: 对区内加里东期成岩成矿作用的制约

利用激光剥蚀(MC)-ICP-MS方法对桂东大瑶山南缘的社垌钨钼矿床中的花岗岩类进行研究, 精确限定社山黑云母花岗闪长岩(SD256)中锆石的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为438.7±3.0 Ma(MSWD=0.22), 侵位于平头背石英砂岩的花岗闪长(斑)岩脉(SD190)形成于438.1±2.6 Ma(MSWD=0.28);花岗岩中新生岩浆锆石的Hf同位素特征较为一致, 176Hf/177Hf比值分布于0.282 406~0.282 518, 对应的ε_Hf(438 Ma)值变化于-3.7~0, 两阶段Hf模式年龄(T_DM2)集中在1 226~1 417 Ma之间.这表明大瑶山地区社山花岗闪长岩类的形成时间在438 Ma左右(加里东期), 成岩成矿作用可能与中元古代新生地壳物质(1.2~1.4 Ga)的部分熔融密切相关.结合区域内已有可靠年龄进行分析, 认为华南加里东期成岩成矿作用应该不是呈简单的北东向分布, 而是呈面状展布, 且该期构造-岩浆-成矿运动可能是引起华南地区在印支期、燕山早期发生大规模的岩浆作用和金属成矿作用的关键原因之一.      

渤海西南岸6000年古海岸线重建及影响因素解析

全新世大暖期的海平面上升对全球海陆变迁产生了重大影响,重建这一时期的古海岸线对研究古海岸环境演化及预测未来海岸线变迁都具有重要意义,特别是在沿海低洼地带.本文以渤海西南沿岸为典型区域,收集具有完整测年的6ka B.P.左右的51个钻孔埋深数据,内插得到区域沉积层厚度图;再对已有文献中的钻孔高程数据重新订正,根据构造分区拟合出不同区域的相对海平面变化曲线;最后结合区域陆地现代数字高程模型(DEM),利用已有的古海岸线重建模型,构建了6ka B.P.的DEM,进一步分析全球海平面变化及构造运动作用在海岸线变迁中的影响.结果表明,全新世最大海侵时期,渤海西南岸陆地面积减少了2.08× 104km2,0m等高线深入内陆最远达约129km,在构造抬升或稳定区域,到达现在海岸6m高程附近,而快速下沉区则可达到8～10m等高线附近.沿岸相对海平面变化自菜州湾东岸向渤海湾西南岸逐渐降低,最高在现代海平面以上4m多,最低处略高于现代海平面,受构造升降作用影响明显.基于雷达剖面进一步估算,全球海平面变化在相对海平面变化的贡献量为上升1.52m,构造作用的影响为,莱州湾东岸3m,莱州湾南岸0.37m,现代黄河三角洲地区-0.36m,渤海湾西南岸-0.70m.     

城市化进程对湖南长株潭地区气温变化的影响

利用1961~2012年湖南省长株潭地区8个气象站的逐日气温观测数据,以郊区站作为背景场,分析了长株潭地区城市化对年和季平均气温、最高气温、最低气温的影响,在此基础上结合1990年代后长沙市人口、GDP及建成区面积,探讨了城市化进程与城乡温差的关系。结果表明:近52 a来长株潭地区呈现增温趋势,年平均气温、最高气温、最低气温的城市化影响贡献率分别为24.0%、21.2%、15.2%,城市化对长株潭地区年平均气温影响最大,年最高气温次之,年最低气温影响最小。城市化贡献率的最大值都出现在夏季,而其最小值平均气温和最低气温出现在冬季,最高气温出现在春季。城乡温差与长沙市人口、GDP呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.69、0.41,表明城市化进程对城区的气温变化有显著影响。     

基于Flex与AnyMap技术的气象灾害应急响应系统

运用Flex技术、AMF协议和FluorineFx框架,以AnyChart Flash图表家族的AnyMap地图控件的二次开发接口为平台,Action Script 3作为开发语言,提出基于Flex与AnyMap的气象灾害应急响应系统构建框架。利用该框架完成了广东省气象灾害应急响应实时发布系统的开发。与传统开发技术相比,该系统不仅界面绚丽简洁、操控方便、性能优越,还大大缩短了气象灾害应急响应发布和更新的时间,减轻了业务人员的工作强度,提高了气象灾害应急响应信息的发布水平。     

胶州湾底栖生物多样性初探

用１９９１－１９９５年胶州湾１０个监测站的资料，采用Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ－Ｗｅａｖｅｒ指数，Ｐｉｅｌｏｕｓ均匀度指数，种的丰盛度指数以及Ｓａｎｄｅｒｓ稀疏曲线进行大型底栖生物多样性比较。结果表明，在胶州湾，粉砂－粘土混合型的沉积环境中大型底栖生物多样性高于匀质的粗砂底质。     

壳聚糖超滤复合膜研制

以聚醚砜（ＰＥＳ）、聚偏氟乙烯（ＰＶＤＦ）超滤膜、聚己内酰胺（尼龙－６）微孔滤膜为多孔支撑膜,将天然聚合物壳聚糖通过流涎法制成超滤复合膜。该复合膜性能优良,在操作压力为０．２５ＭＰａ的条件下,它对聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）的截留率及其渗透速度,分别为８７．２％～９８．４％和２．１～５９．０Ｌ／（ｍ２ｈ）。壳聚糖超滤复合膜性能的优劣与支撑膜的材质、孔径、壳聚糖的浓度、添加剂的分子量及成膜时的条件有关。     

赫氏黄盖鲽受精卵孵化与仔幼鱼培育初步研究

于１９８６年，用人工受精的卵孵化或经驯养自然产卵、孵化室内饲育的方法，进行了人工培苗试验，结果表明：在繁殖期的４－５月份，捕自海内的亲鱼，经催产或驯养，均可在室内产卵孵化。在室内用硅菏、等鞭金藻、扁藻、贻贝幼体、皱褶臂尾轮虫、齿虫幼体和贝肉组成的饵料系列作饵料；受精卵和幼体在水温９．５－２５℃、盐度２９．２－３１．６‰，ｐＨ７．８８－８．１７，ＤＯ８．７－６０．７ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＮＨ４－Ｎ４４－１１８μ     

Measurements of the water-following capability of holey-sock and TRISTAR drifters

Since 1985, a number of measurements have been made in deep water to determine the water-following characteristics of mixed layer drifters with both holey-sock and TRISTAR drogues at 15 m depth. The measurements were done by attaching two neutrally buoyant vector measuring current meters (VMCMs) to the top and the bottom of the drogues and deploying the drifters in different wind and upper ocean shear conditions for periods of 2–4 h. The average velocity of the VMCM records was taken to be a quantitative measure of the slip of the drogue through the water, observed to be 0.5-3.5 cm s⁻¹. The most important hydrodynamic design parameter which influenced the slip of the drogue was the ratio of the drag area of the drogue to the sum of the drag areas of the tether and surface floats: the drag area ratio R. The most important environmental parameters which affected the slip were the wind and the measured velocity difference across the vertical extent of the drogue. A model of the vector slip as a function of R, vector wind and velocity difference across the drogue was developed and a least squares fit accounts for 85% of the variance of the slip measurements. These measurements indicated that to reduce the wind produced slip below 1 cm s⁻¹ in 10 m s⁻¹ wind speed, R > 40. Conversely, if the daily average wind is known to 5 m s⁻¹ accuracy, the displacement of the R = 40 drifter can be corrected to an accuracy of 0.5 km day⁻¹.     

Spatiotemporal characteristics of sea ice transport in the Baffin Bay and its association with atmospheric variability

Sea ice export through the Baffin Bay plays a vital role in modulating the sea ice cover variability in the Labrador Sea.In this study,satellite-derived sea ice products are used to obtain the sea ice area flux (SIAF) through the three passages in the Baffin Bay (referred to as A,B,and C for the north,middle,and south passages,respectively).The spatial variability of the monthly sea ice drift in the Baffin Bay is presented.The interannual variability and trends in SIAF via the three passages are outlined.The connection to several large-scale atmospheric circulation modes is assessed.Over the period of 1988–2015,the average annual (October to the following September) SIAF amounts to 555×10~3 km~2,642×10~3 km~2,and 551×10~3 km~2 through Passages A,B,and C,respectively.These quantities are less than that observed through the Fram Strait (FS,707×10~3 km~2) of the corresponding period.The positive trends in annual SIAF,on the order of 53.1×10~3 km~2/(10 a) and 43.2×10~3 km~2/(10 a)(significant at the 95%confidence level),are identified at Passages A and B,respectively.The trend of the south passage (C),however,is slightly negative (–13.3×10~3 km~2/(10 a),not statistically significant).The positive trends in annual SIAF through the Passages A and B are primarily attributable to the significant increases after 2000.The connection between the Baffin Bay sea ice export and the North Atlantic Oscillation is not significant over the studied period.By contrast,the association with the cross-gate sea level pressure difference is robust in the Baffin Bay (R equals 0.69 to 0.71,depending on the passages considered),but relatively weaker than that over FS (R=0.74).