Results of the Study of Zircon (SIMS) from Granitoids of the Konstantinovskii Stock (Area of the Sukhoi Log Gold Deposit): Age,Sources, and Geological Consequences

Doklady Earth Sciences - The results of U–Pb geochronological (SIMS) study of zircons from granitoids of the Konstantinovskii Stock located 6 km from the Sukhoi Log gold deposit are reported....     

Variability of Thermocline Characteristics in the Range of the Black Sea Rim Current

Doklady Earth Sciences - The data collected in the course of the drifter experiment within the Rim Current zone allowed preliminary estimates of the thermocline response to a changing current...     

Particle Fluxes in Hydrothermal Vent Fields of the Southern Part of the Mohns Ridge

Doklady Earth Sciences - The first results of studies of vertical particle fluxes in a hydrothermal sedimentary system of a subpolar area of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge under the influence of...     

Comparative 3D DEM simulations of sand–structure interfaces with similarly shaped clumps versus spheres with contact moments

Acta Geotechnica - Three-dimensional simulations of a monotonic quasi-static interface behaviour between initially dense cohesionless sand and a rigid wall of different roughness during tests in a...     

Brittleness index predictions from Lower Barnett Shale well-log data applying an optimized data matching algorithm at various sampling densities

The capability of accurately predicting mineralogical brittleness index(BI)from basic suites of well logs is desir-able as it provides a useful indicator of the fracability of tight formations.Measuring mineralogical components in rocks is expensive and time consuming.However,the basic well log curves are not well correlated with BI so correlation-based,machine-learning methods are not able to derive highly accurate BI predictions using such data.A correlation-free,optimized data-matching algorithm is configured to predict BI on a supervised basis from well log and core data available from two published wells in the Lower Barnett Shale Formation(Texas).This transparent open box(TOB)algorithm matches data records by calculating the sum of squared errors be-tween their variables and selecting the best matches as those with the minimum squared errors.It then applies optimizers to adjust weights applied to individual variable errors to minimize the root mean square error(RMSE)between calculated and predicted(BI).The prediction accuracy achieved by TOB using just five well logs(Gr,pb,Ns,Rs,Dt)to predict BI is dependent on the density of data records sampled.At a sampling density of about one sample per 0.5 ft BI is predicted with RMSE～0.056 and R2～0.790.At a sampling density of about one sample per 0.1 ft BI is predicted with RMSE～0.008 and R2～0.995.Adding a stratigraphic height index as an additional(sixth)input variable method improves BI prediction accuracy to RMSE～0.003 and R2～0.999 for the two wells with only 1 record in 10,000 yielding a BI prediction error of＞±0.1.The model has the potential to be applied in an unsupervised basis to predict BI from basic well log data in surrounding wells lacking mineralogical measure-ments but with similar lithofacies and burial histories.The method could also be extended to predict elastic rock properties in and seismic attributes from wells and seismic data to improve the precision of brittleness index and fracability mapping spatially.     

A study of suffusion kinetics inspired from experimental data: comparison of three different approaches

Acta Geotechnica - Suffusion is a complex phenomenon characterized by a selective migration of the fine particles under the effect of three coupled processes: detachment, transport and possible...     

Improving Automated Geological Logging of Drill Holes by Incorporating Multiscale Spatial Methods

Mathematical Geosciences - Manually interpreting multivariate drill hole data is very time-consuming, and different geologists will produce different results due to the subjective nature of...     

ACTIVE TENDON CONTROL OF CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES

This paper considers the active vibration control of cables and cable/structure systems with an active tendon controlling the axial displacement of the cable anchor point. It is demonstrated that a force feedback based on a collocated force sensor measuring the tension in the cable is feasible and that this control configuration can be associated with control laws with guaranteed stability properties. Experimental results are presented on a cable with small sag and on a cable/structure system. They show that the control algorithm can provide the structure with several percent of active damping and that the parametric resonance does not occur when the natural frequency of the structure is twice that of the cable.     

SEISMIC IMPACT LOADING IN INELASTIC TENSION-ONLY CONCENTRICALLY BRACED STEEL FRAMES: MYTH OR REALITY?

Tension-Only Concentrically Braced Frames (TOCBF) exhibit deteriorating pinched hysteretic behaviour during strong earthquakes. Slender braces transit between an elastic buckling state, a restraightening state, in which they carry almost no load, an elastic tensile loading state as they are suddenly taut and, finally, a tensile yielding state. It has long been suspected that the sudden increase in tensile forces in the braces of TOCBSF creates detrimental impact loading on the connections and other structural elements. No experimental evidence, however, has been provided so far to confirm, or to quantify, this impact phenomenon. This paper addresses this issue through shake table tests of half scale, two-storey, TOCBF models. By normalizing the hysteresis loops of braces obtained from shake table tests to the yield strength of steel obtained from quasi-static tests, the increase in tensile forces in the braces was obtained. Results of dynamic tensile tests on steel coupons under similar strain rates as observed during the shake table tests showed that this increase in tensile forces is not the result of impact, but is rather caused by a yield strength increase of the steel under high strain rate. A procedure is proposed to estimate and account for this increase in tensile forces in the braces at the design stage.     

FLOW SEPARATION IN UNDISTURBED SOILS USING MULTIPLE ANIONIC TRACERS. PART 1. ANALYTICAL METHODS AND UNSTEADY RAINFALL AND RETURN FLOW EXPERIMENTS

Tracers provide one of the few ways of obtaining realistic information on the flows of water and solutes in undisturbed structured soils. Three fluorinated organic acids [pentafluorobenzoic acid, 2,6-diflurobenzoic acid and o-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid] and bromide were tested as anionic tracers in situations where the separation of different flow components is of interest. The fluorobenzoates were relatively conservative (approximately 90% for loam soil) although, in some instances, co-elution or complexation may lead to apparently non-conservative behaviour. Tracer mixtures applied to soils, were separated and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The relative mobilities of the tracers were studied during unidirectional steady flow in large undisturbed soil columns brought back to the laboratory. The breakthrough curves showed highly dispersive behaviour, with very early breakthrough of solute and a long tail. Contributions to the column outflow of different simultaneous applications of rainfall and return flow, labelled with different tracers, were separated using multicomponent mixing equations. The results show the importance of preferential flow and relatively immobile storage in the transport process.