模式水平扩散参数化的数值分析与试验

为了研究整个对流层中水平扩散系数（Ｋｙ）随高度变化的参数化形式以及平流格式的数值扩攻对物质浓度分布的影响及二者对模式结果影响的相互关系,本文用“高分辨对流层物质交换模式”（ＥＭ３）对三咱不同ＫＹ参数化型能对行星边界层（ＰＢＬ）内受下垫面影响的高湍流ＰＢＬ以上整个对流层受水平风切变产生的切变湍流分层结构具有良好的描述能力;模式采用几乎无数值扩散二阶矩守恒的Ｐｒａｔｈｅｒ平流差分格式代替模式Ｓｍｏｌａ     

中国中老年人红细胞压积参考值与地理因素的关系

海拔高度是影响中老年人红细胞压积参考值最主要的因素,随着海拔高度的逐渐增大,中老年人红细胞压积参考值也在逐渐增大,相关性很显著,用逐步回归分析的方法推导出二个回归方程,依据中老年人红细胞压积参考值与地理因素的依赖关系把中国分为青藏区,西南区,西北区,东南区,华北区,东北区等６个区。     

反射宇宙中子法的应用研究

摘要：反射宇宙中子法是一种工程物探新方法。本文论述了宇宙中子、反射宇宙中子的形成过程和反射宇宙中子测量装置的研制及其初步应用。由于反射宇宙中子法不受工业电、磁的干扰和不对民用建筑产生破坏,因而该方法在工业和民用建筑密集区进行工程地质填图,可显示其优越性。     

Pattern Characteristics of Foreshock Sequences

—Earthquake clusterings in both space and time have various forms, in particular, two typical examples are the foreshock sequences and earthquake swarms. Based on the analysis of 8 foreshock sequences in mainland China during 1966–1996, this study concentrates on the pattern characteristics of foreshock sequences. The following pattern characteristics of foreshock sequences have been found (1) the epicenters of foreshock sequences were densely concentrated in space; (2) the focal mechanisms of foreshocks were similar to that of the main shock. Such consistency of focal mechanisms with main shocks did not exist in aftershock series as well as in several earthquake swarms; (3) we found no case in mainland China during the past thirty years that a main shock is preceded by an earthquake clustering with inconsistent focal mechanisms. Finally, we found 5% of the main shocks in mainland China are preceded by foreshock sequences.     

青金石中有序结构畴与无序结构畴交生的畴结构新类型

在黝方石、蓝方石的青金石等富含（ＳＯ４）＾２－的方钠石族矿物的有序结构中,常见有沿着一个或几个方向的结构调制,并还常伴随出现反相畴、双晶畴等畴结构。通过透射电镜研究,作者在产于俄罗斯南贝加尔的青金石中,观察了到了一种由尺度都很小（长径约在１０ｎｍ以内）的有序结构畴与无序结构畴相互交生的畴结构新类型。其畴界弈曲而不规则,但相邻畴的晶格都是相互连续而完全共格的。这种畴结构是由无序青金石在其有序化过程的     

A Sedimentological Study of Carboniferous Bauxitic Formations in North China

The authors have found in their studies many new genetic types of microtextures of bauxite. A sedimentological genetic classification of bauxites based on these features and a division of the microfacies types of bauxites formed in major microenvironments are proposed. Four kinds of sedimentary sequence of bauxitic sediments have also been recognized. On these bases, a generalized sedimentary model of Carboniferous bauxites in North China is presented, in which storm-turbidite currents play an important role in the formation and enrichment of bauxite deposits.     

Capacities and failure modes of suction bucket foundation with internal bulkheads

Suction bucket foundations can be divided into four compartments by cruciform internal bulkheads, thereby yielding better capacity in certain conditions than those without internal bulkheads. As yet, no systematic study has been conducted regarding the effects of cruciform internal bulkheads on the capacities of suction bucket foundations. In this study, we established a large number of finite element models of suction bucket foundations with and without cruciform internal bulkheads and of solid embedded circular foundations. We found the uniaxial capacities and failure modes of suction bucket foundations with various depth ratios to remain basically unaffected by internal bulkheads in uniform clays. However, in inhomogeneous clay with high strength heterogeneity, we observed the uniaxial moment and horizontal capacities and corresponding failure modes of suction bucket foundations with a low depth ratio to be obviously affected by internal bulkheads. In this case, the uniaxial moment capacities, in particular, as well as the horizontal capacities of suction bucket foundations with cruciform internal bulkheads become obviously greater than those without internal bulkheads. Under combined loading, we found the failure envelopes of suction bucket foundations with and without cruciform internal bulkheads and of solid circular foundation to also be basically consistent in uniform clays. However, in inhomogeneous clay with high strength heterogeneity, cruciform internal bulkheads can obviously change the shapes of the failure envelopes of bucket foundations with a small depth ratio. We conclude that when the acting vertical load or foundation depth is relatively small, suction bucket foundations with cruciform internal bulkheads can be subjected to larger moment and horizontal loads in soft clays with high strength heterogeneity.     

1961-2005年中国霾日气候特征及变化分析

利用1961-2005 年中国霾日统计资料, 对中国霾的时空气候分布特征、变化趋势进行了详细分析, 并探讨了霾变化的可能原因及其与太阳总辐射、日照时数变化的关系。结果表明: 近45 年来, 中国年和四季霾日的空间分布特征均呈现东多西少的空间分布态势, 东部地区集中在三个多发区, 分别为长江中下游、华北和华南; 季节变化, 除东北地区、青藏高原、西北西部四季霾日均很少且变化不明显外, 其余大部分地区均呈现为冬季多, 夏季少, 春秋 季居中的特点。近45 年, 全国平均年霾日数呈现明显的增加趋势, 2004 年为最高值。我国东部大部地区主要呈现增加趋势, 尤其霾多发地区, 如长江中下游、珠江流域及河南西部等 地, 霾日增加幅度大, 趋势显著, 人类活动造成的大气污染物增加及天气气候变化是这些地区霾日呈现增加趋势的可能原因, 我国西部地区和东北大部地区则以减少趋势为主。华北、长江中下游地区、华南地区霾日变化趋势与日照时数变化趋势相反, 霾的增加是造成太阳总 辐射减少的主要原因之一。东北地区、西北地区、西南地区、青藏高原霾日变化和日照时数变化均呈现不明显的减少趋势, 但由于这些地区霾日发生少, 其变化不会对日照时数和太阳总辐射变化造成很大的影响。