Validation of chemistry transport model of the lower atmosphere in the central European region of Russia using ground-based and satellite measurement data

A modern three-dimensional chemistry transport model is adopted for computation of air pollution with photo-oxidants in the Moscow megalopolis and in the several neighboring regions. Along the vertical, the model covers the entire troposphere and has a two-scale horizontal structure, when the resolution of the “inserted” domain is about 13 km. The model computation results are compared with the satellite tropospheric nitrogen dioxide measurements and ground-based measurements of the surface ozone concentration. The analysis results of one of the episodes of enhanced ozone content is considered as an example of a possible use of the model considered as a diagnostic tool for studying issues connected with the air pollution in the region under consideration.     

Mathematical Modeling of Complex Reaches of Large River Channels

Mathematical models based on shallow water equations and on an equation of bed deformations are proposed to use in designing hydraulic structures and in channel straightening operations in large rivers. Specific examples of application of computer models are cited.     

Determination of design hydrological characteristics with consideration of historical maxima

Application of information about the historical maxima in hydrological computations allows one to improve design hydrological performances and to pass in some cases from extrapolation to interpolation as a more reliable solution. In this paper, an analytical solution is given for a task of determination of empirical probabilities and parameters of distribution function taking into account any historical maxima, which are located inside as well as outside the time series of observations and for their mixed location. For particular case studies, an advantage of consideration of the historical maxima is shown in comparison with computations without these maxima. It has also been shown that the exponential function between maximum discharges in order of their reduction and ordinates of standard normal distribution are effective enough for fitting the upper part of empirical distribution function.     

The Character of Evolution of Rock Fracture Processes from Observations of Acoustic Emission and Time Variations in Radon Volumetric Activity

Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Laboratory experiments on monitoring the acoustic emission signals and time variations of volumetric activity of radon during uniaxial loading of a granite...     

Numerical Modeling of the Behavior of a Destructive Rain Flood on a Mountain River

Water Resources - The objective of this study was to provide the most accurate presentation of the behavior of a disastrous rain flood, which had resulted in destruction of a dam, casualties, and...     

Concentration and Isotopic Composition of Methane,Associated Gases,and Black Carbon over Russian Arctic Seas (Shipborne Measurements)

Oceanology - In Russian Arctic seas, observations of surface methane concentrations (CH4), ozone, nitrogen and carbon oxides, as well as the content of $${{\delta...     

WRF ARW and CHIMERE models for numerical forecasting of surface ozone concentration

Results of joint calculations with meteorological WRF ARW model and chemistry transport CHIMERE model are considered as a basis of the modern system of the air quality assessment and forecasting. The system was designed in the Russian Hydrometeorological Center and Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Detailed prognostic information about the atmosphere state provided by the WRF ARW was used in the CHIMERE model for describing the air mass transport processes, chemical transformation, and pollution deposition. Results of retrieval and forecast of surface ozone concentration as one of main air quality indicators are under consideration. Calculations of ozone concentrations for different configurations of a prognostic system differ in resolution of model grid and in the way the boundary conditions are prescribed.     

Scaling Astro-WISE to LOFAR long term archive

The Astro-WISE information system was developed to handle data processing for the KIDS survey. In this paper we describe the adaptation of the WISE concept to allow scaling to support archives containing tens of petabytes of stored data and the changes we introduced to accommodate the system for the LOFAR Long Term Archive. With this we provide an example of how Astro-WISE technology can be adapted to support a wider range and scale of data.     

Information systems playground—the target infrastructure

The Target infrastructure has been specially built as a storage and compute infrastructure for the information systems derived from Astro-WISE. This infrastructure will be used by several applications that collaborate in the area of information systems within the Target project. It currently consists of 10 PB of storage and thousands of computational cores. The infrastructure has been constructed based on the requirements of the applications. The storage is controlled by the Global Parallel File System of IBM. This file system takes care of the required flexibility by combining storage hardware with different characteristics into a single file system. It is also very scalable, which allows the system to be extended into the future, while replacing old hardware with new technology.     

The Astro-WISE datacentric information system

In this paper we present the various concepts behind the Astro-WISE Information System. The concepts form a blueprint for general scientific information systems (WISE) which can satisfy a wide and challenging range of requirements for the data dissemination, storage and processing for various fields in science. We review the main features of the information system and its practical implementation.