青藏高原北部古近系新建岩石地层单位——祖尔肯乌拉山组

将青藏高原北部祖尔肯乌拉山一带,广泛分布的一套近水平熔岩被状产出的、同位素年龄为古近纪始新世中晚期的中酸性熔岩(岩性主要为安粗岩、粗面岩、橄榄玄粗岩夹火山角砾岩),新建为正式组级岩石地层单位祖尔肯乌拉山组,指定了正层型和副层型剖面,并进行了详细描述。     

韧性剪切带变形特征及控金机制——以丹东四道沟金矿为例

四道沟金矿位于丹东韧性剪切带中部。矿区出露岩石多为构造岩,依据变形强度可分为未变形残块(变质长石石英砂岩)、初糜棱岩(糜棱岩化变砂岩)、糜棱岩(主要是绢云石英糜棱岩)和超糜棱岩四类,横穿剪切带这四类岩石多次出现、规律组合。矿体产出的位置、形态以及矿化类型均受控于这几类岩石的空间分布格式。四道沟金矿的矿体产于中等变形程度的鳞片状构造带中,其上盘实际为一个巨大的变砂岩透镜体,它起了“封闭”的作用,使含金流体在其下盘聚集、沉淀,而鳞片状构造带下盘由糜棱岩和超糜棱岩组成的强变形带可透性好,为含金流体来源通道。在此基础上总结出韧性剪切带控金机制——金活化、迁移通道和聚集空间。     

叶绿素a与初级生产力之间的相关关系

利用日本以南海域调查资料,对表层叶绿素a含量(SC)、真光层内叶绿素a积分值(IC)及初级生产力(PP)之间的相关关系作检验。研究表明:在高生产力海域SC、IC和PP之间存在显著的相关性,SC可以作为水域中浮游植物现存量及其生产状况的指标。在低生产力海域SC、IC和PP三者之间均不相关。文章分析了SC、IC和PP三者相关性差异的原因,指出用SC作为浮游植物现存量及其生产力指标时应持谨慎态度。     

CHIMEHERB人工皮治疗烧伤临床总结

用青岛海洋大学生物材料研究所研制、海威生物材料有限公司生产的CHIMEHERB人工皮治疗烧伤50例.其中用于切、削痂创面10例,Ⅲ°创面20例,肉芽创面12例,供皮区创面3例.削痂创面一次覆盖面积最大23％,切痂创面13％.人工皮下可移植点状小皮片,亦可移植微粒皮,是一种较好的覆盖创面的生物材料.治疗浅Ⅱ°烧伤可使创面愈合时间提前2～4d(天);用于深Ⅱ°创面愈合时间为19～21d.人工皮治疗Ⅱ°创面,最大贴敷面积为60％.它对烧伤肉芽创面有促进周围上皮生长加速创面愈合的作用.     

渤海秋季浮游植物色素的种类及分布特征

浮游植物色素的调查研究是陆架浅海渔场生态环境调查研究的重要内容之一,本文主要介绍了1987年秋季(9月22日～28日)浮游植物色素调查研究的初步结果,通过对渤海四个断面19个测站浮游植物色素样品的分析.现共分离出11种,鉴定出的有10种.结果发现,与传统分类学所鉴定出该海域浮游植物的种类基本一致.认为生活在渤海中的浮游植物种类十分繁多,已鉴定为39属106种,其中硅藻类浮游植物点总种类的90％以上,尚有甲藻、绿藻等.这一结果为深入研究渤海生态环境及渔业资源的开发利用提供了重要资料.     

中国海相盆地油气资源动态评价与有利勘探方向

中国海相盆地是油气大突破的重要领域。立足中国含油气盆地分析,通过全球超大陆旋回,认为元古代以来3个克拉通海相盆地总体经历了4个地史阶段,明确了海相层系原型盆地演化序列与并列迭加特点,总结梳理了3类原型4种控源模式,表明原型盆地决定了烃源岩发育的环境及分布模式,编制了三大盆地主要层系分类型烃源岩分布图,并明确了烃源岩特征;基于海相烃源岩生烃-排烃-滞留油气动态演化模式,建立了海相层系烃源岩有效性动态评价和“常规-非常规”一体化资源评价等方法技术体系。基于新方法计算了海相层系生排烃量和资源量,明晰了重点盆地油气资源潜力分布。提出了大于10亿t资源量区带15个、5~10亿t级区带13个,指出了下步海相层系勘探的重点领域和方向。     

Effects of geosorbent and solution properties on sorption and desorption of PAHs

Characteristics of phenanthrene and pyrene’s sorption and desorption on two local soils in solutions of simulated groundwater, simulated lung fluid, and simulated saliva were studied with batch equilibrium experiments to understand the fate of PAHs in the karst region of southwestern China and to assess the environmental exposure and the health risk of PAHs. The results showed that the sorption and desorption isotherms of phenanthrene and pyrene on two target soils in the three solution systems could be adequately described by the Freundlich model, while the fitted isotherm parameters for the simulated groundwater solution distinguished notably from those for the simulated body fluid solutions. For the sorption experiments, in the simulated groundwater, the n values were 0.722 and 0.672 for phenanthrene and were 0.724 and 0.663 for pyrene, respectively, on the yellow soil and the limestone soil; The log K_F values were 3.118 and 3.323 for phenanthrene and were 3.648 and 3.846 for pyrene, respectively, on the yellow soil and the limestone soil. In the simulated body fluids, the n values for phenanthrene and pyrene ranged from 0.622 to 0.836 and from 0.590 to 0.865, respectively, and the log K_F values of phenanthrene and pyrene ranged from 2.845 to 3.327 and from 3.344 to 3.779, respectively. For the desorption experiments, in the simulated groundwater, the n values were 0.662 and 0.744 for phenanthrene and were 0.702 and 0.647 for pyrene, respectively, on the yellow soil and the limestone soil. The log K_F values were 3.666 and 3.686 for phenanthrene and were 4.128 and 4.225 for pyrene, respectively, on the yellow soil and the limestone soil. In the simulated body fluids, the n values for phenanthrene and pyrene ranged from 0.612 to 0.668 and from 0.631 to 0.819, respectively, and the log K_F values of phenanthrene and pyrene ranged from 3.134 to 3.407 and from 3.533 to 3.839, respectively. The limestone soil had relatively higher log K_F values but lower K_OC values compared to those of the yellow soil, indicated that the nature of sorbent soils played the dominant role in sorption and desorption behaviors of PAHs. The experimental results showed a remarkable differences in sorption and desorption behaviors of PAHs in simulated body fluids and groundwater. The nonlinearities of measured isotherms and the measured sorption capacities of soils in simulated body fluids were significantly lower than corresponding those in the simulated groundwater, and HI values for simulated body fluids systems were significantly smaller than corresponding those for the simulated groundwater systems. The results underscore cautions in assessing environmental exposure and health risks of PAHs based on their sorption–desorption data in simulated groundwater as this is traditionally done.

     

Diffusion in garnet: a review

With improvements on high-pressure experimental techniques in multi-anvil apparatus and the development of new analytical tools, major progress has been made on diffusion in garnets in the past several decades. The data obtained in the experimental determination of diffusion coefficients in garnets are of fundamental importance for diffusion modeling and timescales of geological and planetary processes. In this review, we have compiled experimental data on self-diffusion (Si, O, cations), trace element diffusion (Li, Y, Ga, Cr, Sr, REEs), and interdiffusion (Ca–Fe/Mg, Si–Al) in garnet in the light of new advances and recent applications. In addition, some empirical relationships among diffusion parameters (pre-exponential factor D ₀, activation energy E, ionic radius) are also discussed. We hope that this review can provide a useful data digest and guide to future study of diffusion in garnet.     

区域构造分析与GIS技术在湘中地区锑矿成矿预测中的应用

本文从区域构造分析和ＧＩＳ技术两个方面,对湘中地区锑矿找矿前景进行了概略评价,指出了找矿目标与找矿远景地段。     

东亚夏季风的研究进展及其需进一步研究的问题

回顾了近年来关于东亚夏季风的结构特征以及年际、季内的变化特征及其成因的研究进展;并且回顾了关于东亚夏季风的数值模拟和可预测性的最新研究进展,特别是系统地回顾了东亚夏季风与印度季风特征的异同以及ENSO循环、西太平洋暖池和青藏高原在东亚夏季风的年际、季内变化的作用。还提出在关于东亚夏季风变化及其模拟和预测等方面需进一步研究的问题。