中国海相盆地油气资源动态评价与有利勘探方向

中国海相盆地是油气大突破的重要领域。立足中国含油气盆地分析,通过全球超大陆旋回,认为元古代以来3个克拉通海相盆地总体经历了4个地史阶段,明确了海相层系原型盆地演化序列与并列迭加特点,总结梳理了3类原型4种控源模式,表明原型盆地决定了烃源岩发育的环境及分布模式,编制了三大盆地主要层系分类型烃源岩分布图,并明确了烃源岩特征;基于海相烃源岩生烃-排烃-滞留油气动态演化模式,建立了海相层系烃源岩有效性动态评价和“常规-非常规”一体化资源评价等方法技术体系。基于新方法计算了海相层系生排烃量和资源量,明晰了重点盆地油气资源潜力分布。提出了大于10亿t资源量区带15个、5~10亿t级区带13个,指出了下步海相层系勘探的重点领域和方向。     

Diffusion in garnet: a review

With improvements on high-pressure experimental techniques in multi-anvil apparatus and the development of new analytical tools, major progress has been made on diffusion in garnets in the past several decades. The data obtained in the experimental determination of diffusion coefficients in garnets are of fundamental importance for diffusion modeling and timescales of geological and planetary processes. In this review, we have compiled experimental data on self-diffusion (Si, O, cations), trace element diffusion (Li, Y, Ga, Cr, Sr, REEs), and interdiffusion (Ca–Fe/Mg, Si–Al) in garnet in the light of new advances and recent applications. In addition, some empirical relationships among diffusion parameters (pre-exponential factor D ₀, activation energy E, ionic radius) are also discussed. We hope that this review can provide a useful data digest and guide to future study of diffusion in garnet.     

Micromorphology of landslide soil——Case study on the Jibazi landslide in Yunyang in the Three Gorges Region, China

Introduction The studies on landslides in the Three Gorges Region were conducted, e.g., those on affecting factors and forming mechanism of landslide (YIN Kunlong et al. 1998, DENG Qinglu et al. 2000, CHEN Yongbo et al. 2003, XU Qiang et al. 2003), on ris…     

煤田数字测井国外施工及仪器常见故障的处理

测井人员参与国外能源勘探项目越来越多,受国外语言环境、自然环境、运输条件、设备性能及地质条件等复杂因素的制约,国外煤田数字测井施工存在诸多不便,同时受煤田数字测井仪器配件的限制,也增加了检修测井仪器故障的难度.因此参与国外数字测井的技术人员应在充分了解项目所在国家及工作区的地理环境、气候条件、交通、通讯、民俗等情况的前提下,备齐相应的材料、配件及工具.在总结测井工作经验的基础上,提出了测井工作中应熟悉掌握的故障排解方法,以实例介绍了常见故障如开机无显示、测量不正常、绝缘不好、接触不好、电路开路故障、放大倍数不匹配、采样间隔不正确等故障现象与测井曲线特征,并给出了快速处理故障的方法.     

北冰洋楚科奇边缘地的地球物理场与构造格局

利用高分辨率水深、重力、地磁和多道反射地震数据,综合分析了楚科奇边缘地及其周边区域的地形地貌和地球物理场特征,划分了区域构造单元。研究表明,楚科奇边缘地不仅是楚科奇大陆架外缘独特的地形单元,也是一个相对独立的构造单元,与周边的加拿大洋盆、阿尔法-门捷列夫大火山岩省、北楚科奇陆架盆地和阿拉斯加被动陆缘等构造单元在地球物理场和区域构造上具有截然不同的特征。楚科奇边缘地是一个地壳减薄的微陆块,新生代早、中期发生了大规模的E-W向构造拉伸作用,基底断块的差异性升降塑造了当前的地形地貌和沉积层的发育。边缘地可能形成于北楚科奇盆地侏罗纪-早白垩纪的张裂作用,而内部盆-脊相间排列的构造格局则可能与加拿大海盆相边缘地俯冲作用停止后的均衡调整有关。     

一种可能的非稳态流变的超糜棱岩

辽宁省四道沟金矿床的黑色超糜棱岩为丹东韧性剪切带早期强烈活动的产物,它相当于前人划分的所谓“含石墨绢云石英片岩”、“石墨片岩”类。这类岩石发育了特征的黑色滑面构造。研究表明,黑色滑面的物质构成并非石墨,而是一些以绢云母成分为基础的黑色极细粒似玻璃物质,它们的形成可能反映了岩石快速滑动变形的结果。因此,这类超糜棱岩的流变学性质不是典型的稳态流变,面属于非稳态流变。黑色超糜棱岩本身即可能为一种非稳态流变的超糜棱岩。     

30-60-day Oscillations of Convection and Circulation Associated with the Thermal State of the Western Pacific Warm Pool during Boreal Summer

This study focuses on the characteristics of the 30-60-day oscillation (MJO) associated with the interannual variability of the thermal state in the western Pacific warm pool. The composite results show that the amplitude of MJO convection over the tropical western Pacific tends to intensify (reduce) in the WARM (COLD) case. The negative correlations between MJO convection in the WARM and inthe COLD cases are examined to be significant over most of the Asian-Pacific region. The evolutions of MJO convection and lower circulation, on the one hand, exhibit larger differences between the WARM and COLD cases, but on the other hand, display a unique feature in that a well-developed MJO cyclone (anticyclone) is anchored over the Asian-Western Pacific domain at the peak enhanced (suppressed) MJO convection phase over the western Pacific warm pool, either in the WARM or in the COLD case. This unique feature of MJO shows a Gill-type response of lower circulation to the convection and is inferred to be an inherent appearance of MJO. The context in the paper suggests there may exist interactions between MJO and the interannual variability of the thermal state in the western Pacific warm pool.     

The Upper Devonian orbital cyclostratigraphy and numerical dating conodont zones from Guangxi,South China

The hierarchically organized laminae, bundles, bundlesets and superbundlesets which correspond to a sub-Milankovitch, obliquity or precession, eccentricity and long eccentricity cyclothems, respectively, have been distinguished from the Upper Devonian Fras-nian-Famennian (F-F) transitional carbonate successions deposited in the carbonate-basin and slope facies of Guangxi, South China. The durations of cyclothems are 8000-10000a, 16667a or 33333a, 100000a and 400000a, respectively. The ratio of eccentricity to precession, eccentricity to obliquity, and long eccentricity to eccentricity is 1 : 6, 1 : 3 and 1 : 4 in the Devonian, respectively. Orbital cyclostratigraphical studies show that the durations of the conodont falsio-valis Zone, transitans Zone, punctate Zone, Lower hassi Zone, Upper hassi Zone, jamieae Zone, Lower rhenana Zone, Upper rhenana Zone, linguiformis Zone, Lower triangularis Zone, Middle triangularis Zone and Upper triangularis Zone are 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, 0.3, 0.4, 0.2, 0.8, 0.6, 0.8, 0.3, 0     

晚泥盆世磷质微球粒—可能的动物卵细胞

广西上泥盆统斜坡-盆地相灰岩中存在着数量丰富、保存完好的磷质微球粒.其大小250μm±,球状、椭球状,部分微球粒表面具脐状或对称型脐状浅凹.在球切剖面上微球粒的球壳、球幔和球幔中的斑块分异清楚.显微激光拉曼光谱微区分析表明:球壳、球幔和球幔斑块的共有成分是磷、碳.特有成分铁主要存在于球幔斑块中.这种成分特征与动物卵细胞在成岩和后生过程中经脱水、脱羧、脱甲基、脱氨基和脱硫后的细胞膜、细胞质和细胞器的成分较为一致.球壳和球幔与牙形石属Palmatolepis sp.的齿片和齿台的显微激光拉曼光谱微区分析结果非常类似,说明二者的成分和物质结构有较大的亲缘性.我们认为这种磷质微球粒很可能是牙形石动物排出的卵细胞,球壳、球幔和球幔斑块可能分别代表卵细胞的细胞膜、细胞质和细胞器,类似于现今的鱼卵.脐状或对称型脐状浅凹可能代表卵细胞的动、植物极和以其为始端进行有丝分裂的开始.我们的资料不支持磷质微球粒为牙形石动物分泌的珍珠的推断.该发现对正确识别地层记录中微球粒的特征和成因,揭示牙形石动物的分类位置、繁殖、演化和绝灭提供了新的资料.