湖南漠滨金矿成矿地质地球化学特征

在对漠滨金矿成矿地质地球化学阐述的基础上,探讨了该矿床及邻区同类型金矿中金的赋存规律与找矿标志及其相关成矿问题。     

中国晚奥陶世岩相古地理

本文是笔者等的中国早、中、晚寒武世和早、中奥陶世岩相古地理诸文的继续。在对华北地区、华南地区和西北地区寒武纪和奥陶纪定量岩相古地理研究及编图成果的基础上,结合其他地区（主要是蒙兴地区、昆仑秦岭地区、西藏地区、海南岛和台湾地区）的地质资料,编制出了中国晚奥陶世岩相古地理图,并撰写出本文。华北地区、华南地区和西北地区的研究程度较高,其岩相古地理图和文字论述都是定量的。其他地区的研究程度较低,其岩相古地理图和文字论述则是定性的或概略性的。在中国晚奥陶世,早、中、晚寒武世和早、中奥陶世一直存在的“两槽和三台相间分布”的岩相古地理基本格局已经改变,天山北山蒙辽吉槽地中的北山槽地和蒙辽吉槽地已不再是槽地而变成了台地。因此,准噶尔台地、北山台地、蒙兴台地、蒙辽吉台地和华北台地就连在一起了,形成了一个庞大的北方台地群。这是一个重大变化。其他古地理单元也与以前各世的大不相同或有所不同。这是晚奥陶世晚期大规模海退的结果。     

增强地热系统热储层-盐水-CO2相互作用

增强型地热系统(EGS)是采用人工形成地热储层的方法,从低渗透性岩体中经济地采出深层热能的人工地热系统。以CO₂为载热流体的增强地热能系统(CO₂-EGS)是实现CO₂减排和深部地热资源开发的有效手段,系统运行时的水-岩-气相互作用对热储层孔渗特征有着重要影响,最终会影响储层的产热能力。笔者利用高温高压反应釜模拟CO₂-EGS高温下的热储层-盐水-CO₂的相互作用,通过对实验中反应液离子成分变化和岩样扫描电镜进行分析,结果表明:实验后的钾长石和方解石出现溶解现象,且方解石溶蚀剧烈;岩样表面出现极少量次生方解石和钠长石,并有新矿物析出,其主要组成元素为C、O、Si、Fe,为菱铁矿的中间产物。通过TOUGHREACT建立反应性溶质运移模型,模拟上述实验的化学反应过程,模拟结果和实验数据拟合较好。该研究可为CO₂-EGS的水-岩-气作用机制提供地球化学数据。     

加拿大纽芬兰岛重要金属矿地质特征及找矿方向

纽芬兰岛铜、镍、铀和稀有稀土矿化发育,成矿潜力巨大。铜矿化类型有火山岩型和与长英质侵入岩有关类型两种,主要找矿方向为火山岩分布区,如Buchans-Rouberts Arm、Humber、Avalon、Grey River区域。镍矿化类型有辉长岩型、镁铁质片麻岩型和火山热液型,主要找矿方向为古生代辉长-闪长质侵入岩和前寒武纪镁铁质片麻岩分布区,如Powderhorn Lake、Layden和岛中北部蚀变安山岩与滑石-碳酸盐岩接触带。铀矿化类型有火山岩型、变质沉积岩型和花岗岩型,主要找矿方向为过碱性火成岩分布区,如Rocky Brook、North Brook、Wigwam Brook、Grand Codroy No.4和Bay du Nord群地层分布区。稀有稀土矿化与变质沉积岩在高级变质过程中部分熔融而成的过碱性花岗岩有关,而含绿柱石花岗伟晶岩则与过碱性岩浆岩系列关系密切,主要找矿方向为Fortune Bay、Clode Sound、Trinity Bay和Lost Pond区域。     

XRF Determination of 17 Trace Elements in Geological Samples Using an Extended Compton Scattering Correction Procedure

This work is intended to explore a fast and effective apoproach to the determination of various trace elements in geological samples throuth improvement and simplification of the method developed by Reynolds (1963,1967),Absorption correction was made for the Fe content to eliminate the effect caused by inconsistency in mass absorption coefficients among the samples.A computer-aid regression analysis was performed on a number of standards of various compositions,which resulted in a set of calibration equations for directly converting X-ray intensities to concentrations.An analytical error of 10-30% was involved in the analyses of most elements.     

辽宁鞍山齐大山铁矿床地球化学特征及地质意义

为研究辽宁齐大山铁矿床的成矿物质来源及形成环境,选取典型铁矿石进行主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素分析测试。结果显示,铁矿石主要由TFeO和SiO_2组成,其他主量元素及微量元素、稀土元素含量均较低,页岩标准化稀土元素配分曲线呈轻稀土元素相对亏损、重稀土元素相对富集型,具有一定的Eu、Y、La的正异常和弱的Ce异常,以及较高的Y/Ho值。研究表明,齐大山铁矿是由极少碎屑物质加入的化学沉积岩,其成矿物质主要来源于热水和海水的混合作用,是在海底一定缺氧的环境下形成的,矿床是与海相火山沉积有关的前寒武纪火山沉积型铁矿。     

东海陆架盆地台北坳陷新地层单位——月桂峰组

在微体古生物和岩石地层学分析基础上 ,建立了东海陆架盆地台北坳陷新的地层单元——月桂峰组。月桂峰组分布于东海陆架盆地台北坳陷西带 ,由灰黑色泥岩、砂岩组成 ,上覆灵峰组、下伏石门潭组。它属古近纪古新世沉积 ,并推测可能为古新世早期。该地层相当于苏北盆地阜宁组一段。月桂峰组中微体化石特征表明月桂峰组当时沉积环境可能为淡水湖泊     

Existence of Microsatellites in Expressed Sequence Tags of Common Carp （Cyprinus carpio L. ） Available in GenBank dbEST Database

Common carp expressed sequence tags （ESTs） were analyzed for the existence of microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats （SSRs）. In the NCBI dbEST database, a total of 10612 sequences were registered before December 31, 2004. A complete search of 2-6 nucleotide microsatellites resulted in the identification of 513 SSR-containing ESTs, accounting for 4.8% of the total. Cluster analysis indicated that 73 sequences of SSR-containing ESTs fell into 27 groups and the remaining 440 ESTs were independent. A total of 467 unique SSR-containing ESTs were identified. These EST-SSRs contained a vari- ety of simple sequence types, and di- and tri-nucleotide repeats were the most abundant, accounting for 42.1% and 27.9% of the whole, respectively. Of the dinucleotide repeats, CA/TG was the most abundant, followed by GA/TC. BLASTx search showed that 38.1% of the SSR loci could be associated with genes or proteins of known or unknown function. BLASTx searches of SSR-containing ESTs also showed high frequencies （98/179） of hits on zebrafish sequences.     

Flood susceptibility modelling using advanced ensemble machine learning models

Floods are one of nature's most destructive disasters because of the immense damage to land, buildings, and human fatalities.It is difficult to forecast the areas that are vulnerable to flash flooding due to the dynamic and complex nature of the flash floods.Therefore, earlier identification of flash flood susceptible sites can be performed using advanced machine learning models for managing flood disasters.In this study, we applied and assessed two new hybrid ensemble models, namely Dagging and Random Subspace(RS) coupled with Artificial Neural Network(ANN), Random Forest(RF), and Support Vector Machine(SVM) which are the other three state-of-the-art machine learning models for modelling flood susceptibility maps at the Teesta River basin, the northern region of Bangladesh.The application of these models includes twelve flood influencing factors with 413 current and former flooding points, which were transferred in a GIS environment.The information gain ratio, the multicollinearity diagnostics tests were employed to determine the association between the occurrences and flood influential factors.For the validation and the comparison of these models, for the ability to predict the statistical appraisal measures such as Freidman, Wilcoxon signed-rank, and t-paired tests and Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve(ROC) were employed.The value of the Area Under the Curve(AUC) of ROC was above 0.80 for all models.For flood susceptibility modelling, the Dagging model performs superior, followed by RF,the ANN, the SVM, and the RS, then the several benchmark models.The approach and solution-oriented outcomes outlined in this paper will assist state and local authorities as well as policy makers in reducing flood-related threats and will also assist in the implementation of effective mitigation strategies to mitigate future damage.     

Seaweed cultivation: Traditional way and its reformation

INTRODUCTIONSeaweedcultivationisthemosteffectivewayforobtaininglargeamountofseaweedproducts.Thoughseaweedcultivationhasahistoryofonlyafewdecades,itsdevelopmentisfast (Fei,1 996) .Thetotalproductionofcultivatedseaweedatpresentisabout 62 50× 1 0 3tonsfreshweight,ofwhichLaminariaaccountsfor 3 1 0 0× 1 0 3tons,Undaria 2 2 0 0x 1 0 3tons,Porphyra 750× 1 0 3tons,Gracilariasp .1 0 0× 1 0 3tons,EucheumaandKappaphycus 1 0 0× 1 0 3tons,otherkindofseaweeds 1 0 0× 1 0 3tons.Theestimatedtotal…