X射线荧光光谱法测定地质样品中的氯和硫

使用粉末压片-X射线荧光光谱法测定地质样品中的Cl和S，探讨了样品放置时间、环境以及建立真空的时间对测量结果的影响。Cl的精密度(RSD，n=6)小于10％，S的精密度(RSD，n=6)小于5％。Cl和S的方法检出限分别为14和11μg／g，采用国家标准物质分析验证方法，其结果与标准值相符。     

地下水放射性同位素测年方法研究进展

放射性同位素测定地下水年龄是研究煤矿区含水层系统中地下水的赋存条件、运移规律和含水层系统中地下水资源可更新能力的重要手段,对煤矿水灾害防治和地下水资源的可持续利用至关重要,近年来它已成为国际水文地质研究的热点问题。在详细阐述地下水放射性同位素测年及分类方法的基础上,对国内外有关地下水测年方法的原理和优缺点进行了分析评述。并讨论了目前地下水测年方法中存在的一些问题,指出地下水放射性同位素测年方法研究的发展趋势和亟待加强研究的关键问题。      

断裂封堵综合分析技术在孔雀河地区的应用

断裂在油气运移、聚集、成藏和保存过程中起着通道作用和封堵作用,通过该项研究可以分析受断裂控制圈闭的现今含油气性,进而为油气勘探的研究和部署提供更加翔实的科学依据。为此,利用地震地质综合信息识别断裂封堵性的3种技术方法——"断面物质涂抹法"、"断面应力分析法"和"断裂横向封堵系数法",对塔里木盆地孔雀河地区典型的开启性和封堵性断裂进行了研究,总结出研究区断裂在横向上和纵向上开启或者封堵的"临界值"分别为5 MPa、0.3 MPa,断裂横向封堵系数越大越有利于油气成藏,只有综合应用多项资料和方法,才能对断裂对油气的封堵性能做出更加合理的判定,发现同一断裂的封堵性随其所处地层时代、岩性和空间位置的不同而不同,探讨了研究区断裂在不同形成期次对各种圈闭的油气成藏控制作用。基于有井区的研究结果对无井地区的断裂进行了封堵性预测,为该区块的圈闭评价提供了依据。     

2012年5月22日贵州西部大暴雨成因分析

该文利用地面观测资料、NCEP再分析资料(水平分辨率2.5°×2.5°),国家卫星气象中心发布的FY-2E的TBB等资料,对2012年5月22日贵州西部大暴雨过程的天气形势、水汽通量及水汽通量散度、温度平流、涡度平流、假相当位温、中尺度云团、湿位涡等进行了分析。结果表明:强降水主要是由于南支槽前的西南暖湿气流配合北方南下的冷空气,冷暖平流和正负涡度的交汇,MCC在贵州生成并发展维持的共同影响造成的。此次暴雨过程发生在对流层中低层MPV1负值区和MPV2的正值区以及θse的高能区内。湿位涡的正压项与斜压项综合反映了暴雨区对流不稳定和斜压不稳定状况。这一判据将大气中的对流不稳定和斜压不稳定很好地联系在一起,为暴雨天气的诊断和实际预报提供了一种思路。这次过程是由MCC在贵州的生成并发展维持造成的。云团具有很强的MCC特征,降雨强度的时间分布与MCC的强度范围有很好的对应关系。     

Changing structure of the precipitation process during 1960–2005 in Xinjiang, China

Using daily precipitation data spanning 1960–2005 from 51 meteorological stations in Xinjiang province, China, spatial and temporal changes in consecutive maximum wet days in the year, summer, and winter were investigated. Fifteen precipitation extreme indices, which reflect the attributes of consecutive maximum wet days, were defined, and the modified Mann–Kendall test was applied to detect the tendencies, and changes in the indices were evaluated through linear regression with the F test. Results showed that: (1) two consecutive wet days occurred most frequently in the year and summer, and the fractional contributions and precipitation intensities decreased as the duration increased; in winter, one wet day had the maximum possibility, fractional contributions decreased and intensities increased as the duration increased. (2) The possibility of consecutive wet days which had short durations reduced, while those of long durations increased; annual fractional contributions of short durations decreased, while those of long durations increased; summer and winter fractional contribution of all durations decreased first and then increased; the intensities of all durations increased. (3) The wet tendency was identified in Xinjiang; the wet trend in Southern Xinjiang was more significant than Northern Xinjiang in summer, while in winter the wet tendency in Northern Xinjiang was more pronounced.     

应用TOVS资料变分分析技术增加青藏高原地区摸式初始场信息

首次在测站稀少的高原地区引入经变分技术处理的 TOVS卫星资料 ,通过动力诊断探讨了解决高原地区测站少、数值预报模式初始场信息误差大的技术关键问题 ,提出了采用TOVS反演资料在高原地区增加模式初始场信息的构思 ,并应用变分法处理 TOVS反演资料 ,显著地提高了高原初始场信息的可靠性 ;并从动力诊断分析角度 ,进一步证实了 TOVS反演资料的应用有利于提高高原动力系统特征的描述能力 ,并显著改善水汽输送通道分布及其层结稳定度等有关初始场信息的客观性     

臭氧对水稻叶片伤害、光合作用及产量的影响

OTC- 1型农田开顶式气室 ,对水稻进行不同臭氧浓度处理的长期接触试验 ,结果表明 :当试验浓度超过 1 0 0× 1 0 - 9时将对水稻叶片造成直接伤害 ,从而使水稻的光合能力和产量降低。     

Ecological risk assessment of eutrophication in Songhua Lake, China

The Songhua Lake in the Northeast China is chosen as a study case in this paper. Monitoring of samples and analysis 18 indexes related to the eutrophication in the Songhua Lake had been conducted in 2002–2004. Ecological risk assessment methods are employed here. The study results showed that total phosphorus and total nitrogen were main risk factors to impact on the eutrophication of the Songhua Lake, and influence of the phosphorus on the lake eutrophication was larger than that of nitrogen. Algal growth potential test was also conducted to validate the results. High phosphorus and high nitrogen concentrations were mostly distributed in Huifahekou and Jiaohe sites of the Songhua Lake. Threshold values of total phosphorus, total nitrogen and Chl-a concentrations from dose-effective examination were 0.065 mg/L, 0.843 mg/L, and 11.90 μg/L, respectively. The probability of the eutrophication appeared in the Songhua Lake was 0.69, of them, risk-free type area was 19.21% of total lake area, slight risk type area was 30.10%, middle risk type area was 16.50%, heavy risk type area was 25.8%, hyper risk type area was 8.39%. In order to control the eutrophication in the Songhua Lake, maximum permission discharges of total phosphorus and total nitrogen to the lake would be 2,123.78, 7,018.82 t/a, respectively.     

Structural characteristics and geochronology of migmatites in the North Dabie Complex unit: Timing of post-collisional deformation

Extensive migmatization and large-scale post-collisional intrusions occurred in the Dabie orogen, east-central China, during the Early Cretaceous, characterized by distinct deformation preserved in migmatites in the North Dabie Complex unit. The North Dabie Complex unit can be subdivided into three areas based on detailed field observations: the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton, the Luotian area and the Yuexi area. Banded migmatites crop out in the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton while anisotropically deformed migmatites occur in the Luotian area, and both types coexist in the Yuexi area. Microscopy reveals similar micro-structures are in migmatites from the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton, the Yuexi area and border of the Luotian area, while static recrystallization appears in migmatites from the core of the Luotian area. The Lattice-Preferred Orientation of dynamically recrystallized quartz grains in the migmatites are measured using electron backscattered diffraction, revealing prism <a> slip or <c> slip in migmatite from the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton and the Yuexi area and in one sample from the Luotian area. A Type I crossed girdle is developed in another sample from the Luotian area, indicating top-to-the-SE shearing that developed under greenschist facies conditions. Zircon U-Pb dates from four migmatites reveal that mainly Early Cretaceous ages are from the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton, only four Early Cretaceous ages are from the Luotian area, and all zircons from the Yuexi area record Indosinian metamorphic ages. Although zircon U-Pb results show multiple migmatization events, all samples record a migmatization age of about 132 Ma, suggesting an orogen-scale event at that time. The subsolidus deformation in migmatites indicates that deformation were soon after migmatization. Overall, this study shows that deformation in migmatites of the North Dabie Complex unit occurred somewhat later than the migmatization (~132 Ma) at about 131 Ma. The most likely mechanism for thinning of the thickened crust in the Dabie orogen involved removal of the upper along the detachment fault and ductile adjustment of lower crust during development of the North Dabie metamorphic core complex.     

东坡矿田构造层次与内生成矿作用及其隐伏矿床预测

在矿床地质研究程度极高的郴县东坡矿田,近几年相继发现了野鸡尾石英斑岩型锡矿床和红旗岭锡矿床等,这表明该矿田仍有找矿潜力。根据我们对东坡矿田构造层次与成矿关系等的研究发现,东坡矿田的内生多金属矿床均产出在构造层次发生梯变地带(段),从而提出从构造层次的角度预测隐伏内生矿床的四条基本原则,并在东坡矿田提出了东坡山、横山岭、龙头岭三个隐伏矿床预测区。因此矿田构造层次的研究是矿田控岩控矿构造研究的一个新领域,对成矿预测具有重要意义。