山西省汾河灌区地下水系统分析

本文运用有关地下水系统理论，对山西省汾河灌区地下水资源作系统分析。灌区水资源系统由地表水系统与地下水系统构成。地下水系统具有双层含水结构；浅层潜水——承压水系统和中层承压水系统。由于含水系统本身特点及人工开采影响，浅层水对中层地下水垂直越流补给。地下水属松散孔隙水。地下水运动以全向为主，水平运动为辅。     

位于预测区边缘附近的地震统计检验问题

对位于地震预测工作所圈定的地震危险区附近的地震的统计检验问题 ,一直是地震预测研究中一个颇有争议的问题。本文以中国地震局全国年度地震趋势会商的情况为例 ,对这一问题进行了探讨。结果表明 ,将所划定的地震危险区适度扩大 ,即将现有的地震危险区范围向外扩大约 0 5° ,可以显著地提高预测地震的“命中率”。但从统计检验的角度说 ,这样做并不能提高实际地震预测的能力 ,亦即并不能使R值有显著的提高。     

Multiplet relative location approach and waveform correlation correction and their application

Introduction When the distribution of a cluster of earthquakes is concentrated, distance between hypocen-ters is much smaller than the event-station distance and than the scale length of the velocity het-erogeneity in the hypocenter region; in this case, the ray path from each hypocenter to a common station will be almost the same. The relative location method can be applied to accurate location of the cluster in the above case. In this approach, the relative location is calculated with the ar…     

黄骅坳陷二氧化碳气成因类型及分布规律

二氧化碳气是经济价值很高且应用前景十分广阔的非烃气体。黄骅坳陷二氧化碳气有多种成因类型,即有机成因、热变质成因和壳 幔混源成因,其中前两种分布较广泛。对于不同成因的二氧化碳气,其分布控制因素有所不同。有机成因二氧化碳气主要分布于生油凹陷周围,是烃类气体的次要伴生产物,并远离大断裂分布。热变质成因二氧化碳气主要分布在深部碳酸盐岩发育、岩浆活动较强烈的地区,并在大断裂附近富集;二氧化碳的含量比有机成因的高,但比壳 幔混源成因的低。壳 幔混源成因二氧化碳气主要出现在深大断裂附近,其分布虽然局限,但纯度是最高的。二氧化碳富集的地区常常是次生溶蚀作用较强的地区,因此也是寻找深部次生优质油气储层的有利地区。     

小秦岭Q8号金矿床地质特征及深部资源潜力分析

小秦岭金矿团田Q8号矿脉金矿床受地层、区域变质—混合岩化、岩浆活动及构造控制。矿区混合岩化强烈，岩浆活动频繁，构造复杂。矿脉规模大，赋存矿体数量多，是目前陕西小秦岭金矿田中延深深度最大、赋矿标高最低的金矿床。根据矿床地质特征分析，矿床仍有深延条件，其深部资源潜力较大。     

Deep structure of the Longling–Ruili fault underneath Ruili basin near the eastern Himalayan syntaxis: insights from magnetotelluric imaging

Magnetotelluric (MT) geophysical profiling has been applied to the determination of the deep structure of the Longling–Ruili fault (LRF), part of a convergent strike-slip fault system, underneath thick Caenozoic cover in Ruili basin in southwestern Yunnan, China. The recorded MT data have been inverted using a two-dimensional (2-D) nonlinear conjugate gradients scheme with a variety of smooth starting models, and the resulting models show common subsurface conductivity structures that are deemed geological significant. The models show the presence of a conductive (5–60 Ω m) cover sequence that is thickest (1–1.5 km) in the centre of the basin and rapidly pinches out towards the margins. A half-graben structure is interpreted for the Ruili basin. This is underlain by about 7–10 km thick upper crustal layer of high resistivity (>200–4000 Ω m) that is dissected by steep faults, which we interpret to flatten at depth and root into an underlying mid-crustal conductive layer at about 10 km depth. The mid-crustal layer does not appear to have been severely affected by faulting; we interpret it as a zone of partial melt or intracrustal detachment. The MT models suggest SE directed thrusting of basement rocks in the area. The Longling–Ruili fault is interpreted as a NW-dipping feature bounding one of the identified upper crustal fragments underneath Ruili city. We suggest that MT imaging is a potent tool for deep subsurface mapping in this terrain.     

北山地区照壁山金矿床地质特征及成因

照壁山金矿床是北山地区中部金矿集中区最具代表性的金矿床之一,金矿化主要在黑云母花岗岩株内或沿其与志留系公婆泉群火山-沉积岩的接触带产出,黑云母⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar同位素年龄为296±5 Ma.金矿体主要由含金石英脉,网脉和细脉浸染状块体组成,金属矿物主要有黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、自然金和银金矿,脉石矿物为石英和绢云母.围岩蚀变自含金矿脉(体)向外,分别为硅化、绢云母化和绿泥石化;另外,沿岩体与火山-沉积岩接触带常可观察到黄铁绢英岩化.微量元素和硫、氧、氢及铅同位素数据表明:黑云母花岗岩是同碰撞造山期深源岩浆与地壳物质相互作用的结果,成(岩)矿物质主要来自壳幔混合源,含矿热液是岩浆热流体与大气降水混合的产物.海西期花岗质岩浆活动不仅为金矿床的形成提供了物质和热力来源,而且是成矿热液对流循环的"发动机",成矿体系温、压降低是导致金沉淀与富集的重要控制因素.     

内蒙古东七一山萤石矿床的稀土元素地球化学特征及成因

运用等离子质谱和等离子体光谱对内蒙古东七一山萤石矿的萤石矿石和围岩样品的稀土元素进行了系统分析.结果表明,矿石的∑REE<30×10-6,LREE为5×10-6～15×10-6,HREE<5×10-6,Y<20 ×10-6;而围岩的∑REE>290×10-6,LREE>240×10-6,HREE>40×10-6,Y>70×10-6.可将萤石矿石的稀土元素的分布型式分为轻、重稀土富集型两类一类矿石的∑REE多小于29×10-6,LREE/HREE和La/Yb分别大于7和12,δEu、δCe的变化范围分别为0.85～1.10,Ce、Eu基本不显异常;另一类的∑REE 约18×10-6 ,LREE/HREE和La/Yb分别小于3和2,δEu为0.45～0.70,δCe为0.70～0.90,具明显的负Eu异常,Ce微具负异常.矿石与围岩的稀土地球化学研究显示,该萤石矿系岩浆热液成因.     

甚低频电磁法对脉状矿床勘查评价的意义——以金、铅锌(银)和萤石矿为例

脉状矿床是重要的矿床类型之一。其矿体往往赋存于断裂构造之中，甚低频电磁法（VLF-EM）以其成本低廉、轻便高效，以及对脉状矿（化）体特有的灵敏性而具有特色。文章通过对以脉状形式产出的金、铅锌（银）及萤石矿的VLF-EM找矿勘查实例，探讨了VLF-EM对这类矿床勘查的有效性和优越性，结果表明该方法对脉状矿床勘查评价有重要意义。     

Seismological study on the crustal structure of Tengchong volcanic-geothermal area

Introduction The Tengchong volcanic-geothermal area is located on the northeast edge of the collision zone between Indian and Eurasian plates, and belongs to Eurasian volcanic zone (the MediterraneanHimalayanSoutheast Asia volcanic zone). In Tengchong area, the Quaternary volcanic, geothermal and seismic activities are all intensive. These phenomena have been drawing the attention of many geoscientists in the world. Their studies are concerned with geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and cr…