A GIS-based Tupu Analysis of Dynamics of Saline-alkali Land in Western Jilin Province

Based on Tupu theory, this paper studied the dynamic changes, conversion modes, expansion intensity and landscape attributes of the saline-alkali lands in Changling County, Zhenlai County and Da'an City of the western Jilin Province in 1980-2000 with the help of GIS. The results show that the saline-alkali land rather sharply increased in Da'an during 1995-2000; the main conversion processes in the three counties were from grassland to saline-alkali land and from saline-alkali land to grassland; and the typical shapes, spatial expansion speed and mode, and landscape attributes of the saline-alkali land were different in the three counties, which were closely related to local topography, predominant wind orientation, water resources distribution, etc. The corresponding spatial expansion mode was marginality in Changling, random in Zhenlai and more kernels in Da'an, respectively. Landscape attributes also responded to the spatial-temporal dynamic changes of the saline-alkali land and the landscape indices of Da'an fluctuated greatly. The frame of this research may provide fundamental reference for landscape analysis and give some suggestions for regional sustainable development.     

Groundwater contamination source estimation based on a refined particle filter associated with a deep residual neural network surrogate

Hydrogeology Journal - Groundwater contamination source estimation (GCSE) involves an inverse process to match time-series monitoring data in sparse observation wells. It is commonly accompanied by...     

Investigation of thermal-hydro-mechanical coupled fracture propagation considering rock damage

Thermal-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupled fracture propagation is common in underground engineering. Rock damage, as an inherent property of rock, significantly affects fracture propagation, but how it influences the THM coupled fracturing remains stubbornly unclear. A pore-scale THM coupling model is developed to study this problem, which combines the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), the discrete element method (DEM), and rock damage development theory together for the first time. This model can more accurately calculate the exchanged THM information at the fluid-solid boundary and fluid conductivity dependent on fracture and rock damage. Based on the developed model, the synergistic effect of injected temperature difference (fluid temperature below rock temperature) and rock damage (characterized by the parameter “critical fracture energy”, abbreviated as “CFE”) on fracture propagation of shale are investigated particularly. It is found that: (1) the generation of branched cracks is closely related to the temperature response frontier, and the fracture process zone of single bond failure increases in higher CFE. (2) through the analysis of micro failure events, hydraulic fracturing is more pronounced in the low CFE, while thermal fracturing displays the opposite trend. The fluid conductivity of fractured rock increases with a higher injected temperature difference due to the more penetrated cracks and wider fracture aperture. However, this enhancement weakens when rock damage is significant. (3) in the multiple-layered rock with various CFEs, branched cracks propagating to adjacent layers are more difficult to form when the injection hole stays in the layer with significant rock damage than without rock damage.

     

乡村地质调查路径与支撑作用：以江苏仪征月塘为例

乡村综合地质调查是服务乡村振兴战略的基础工作。以江苏仪征月塘为例,结合乡村发展规划与需求,在研究区开展了国土空间利用现状调查、水土环境地质调查、特色自然资源调查、工程地质调查等综合地质调查工作,为乡村农田建设、特色自然资源开发利用、地质环境保护等提供地质依据与支撑,探索乡村地质调查路径,为今后构建乡村地质调查工作体系提供思路,延伸地质工作服务领域。     

公益性油气基础地质调查的进展与发展方向

在我国油气资源对外依存度不断攀升,能源安全形势日益严峻的背景下,油气调查评价和勘探开发仍是能源工作的重中之重.近年来,公益性油气调查工作聚焦自身优势,积极服务于国家能源安全,支撑油气资源管理与矿权体制改革成效显著,在油气勘探的新区、新层、新类型方面不断取得突破性成果.公益性油气调查在新疆塔里木盆地西北部温宿凸起新近系、沙井子构造带志留系,准噶尔盆地南缘的二叠系和三叠系均获得了工业油(气)流;在南方鄂西宜昌、黔北武陵山等复杂构造区的页岩气、松辽盆地的页岩油、四川盆地南部煤层气等资源的勘探均取得了重大突破,这些成果有力带动了能源企业的积极投入与勘探,有效彰显了公益性油气地质调查的引领和示范作用.深层油气资源的安全勘探、油气矿权空白区的基础地质调查及非常规油气的调查与勘探将是我国未来油气勘探重要的接替领域.公益性油气调查将以油气基础地质问题为抓手,积极探索油气勘探接替领域,为油气资源规划和管理做好支撑,力争为国家能源安全保障与重大发展战略做出更大的贡献.     

珠江口盆地阳江凹陷中新统潮控体系及其岩性圈闭勘探意义

阳江凹陷作为珠江口盆地西北部浅水边缘盆地珠三坳陷内次级负向构造单元,具有周缘隆起带及局部凸起障壁环境,中新世时期（19.1~13.8 Ma）阳江-一统断裂带两侧火山活动发育,研究区发育港湾状地貌限定下半封闭潮控海岸-河口湾背景.珠三坳陷勘探成熟的多为构造圈闭,而对于岩性圈闭的识别刻画研究尚处在起步阶段,其中阳江凹陷已发现6个含油构造,并部署19口钻井,具有良好的资料基础,中新统缺乏岩性潜力系统研究认识,地层岩性圈闭搜索、排序及优选亟待开展.应用钻测井资料、岩心资料和新采集三维地震资料,基于区域构造-火山活动背景,在高精度层序格架搭建和沉积充填序列框架上,聚焦于阳江凹陷潮控体系沉积特征、沉积相展布及演化规律,进而解剖潮控体系下潮汐砂坝的识别标志、分布规律及岩性圈闭发育特征.研究表明:阳江东凹中新统发育潮控河口湾-潮控三角洲沉积体系,有利岩性圈闭叠合区恩平2-8构造储集砂体为潮汐砂坝,对于珠江口盆地浅水区域潮控体系及岩性圈闭预测具重要理论与勘探意义,并为其他浅水边缘盆地岩性圈闭研究提供了参考借鉴.      

南海东北部陆坡天然气水合物区的滑塌和泥火山活动

本文研究了南海东北部陆坡天然气水合物区滑塌和泥火山活动的特征及表现形式,探讨了滑塌和泥火山活动对天然气水合物成藏的影响,提出了滑塌主导和滑塌、泥火山共同作用两种控制模式。根据地震数据、浅层剖面和海底地形数据解释,将研究区划分为规则滑塌区和泥火山活动影响区,并识别出泥火山、泥火山脊、凹槽、凹坑等特征地形。滑塌和泥火山活动是陆坡天然气水合物发育区重要的地形控制因素,两种活动共同作用产生复杂的地形特征。综合多条地震测线中似海底反射层(BSR)形态、连续性和滑塌、泥火山活动的关系,认为滑塌控制的区域,BSR连续,天然气水合物储藏较完整,泥火山活动区天然气水合物储藏也仅受到局部破坏。同时指出滑塌和泥火山活动对研究区长期天然气渗漏活动具有重要作用。     

应用平衡分配模型评价渤海湾和莱州湾沉积物重金属潜在生物毒性

为探讨渤海沉积物中重金属的生物毒性,采集了渤海湾和莱州湾共72个站点的表层沉积物,测定了酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)、同步萃取金属(SEM)、有机碳(TOC)等参数,应用平衡分配模型(EqP Model)评价了沉积物中重金属的潜在生物毒性。研究显示,有8个站点超过了EqP Model的毒性阈值,显示潜在生物毒性,而61%的站点应无生物毒性。本研究同时测定了沉积物的总含量,应用几种常用的沉积物质量基准进行了评价虽然有部分站点的Cu、Ni、Cr超过了基准值,但与渤海的背景值比较,这些基准值可能并不适用于评价渤海沉积物。研究显示,EqP Model可以更有效的评价沉积物中重金属的活性和生物毒性,尤其针对我国近岸海域的沉积物,TOC和AVS含量偏低而重金属生物毒性偏高的情况可能普遍存在,更应积极考虑应用EqP Model进行重金属生物毒性的评价。