梅雨锋生次级环流对暴雨的作用

本文采用了MM4中尺度数值模式对1991年7月5日08时至6日20时发生在江淮流域的梅雨锋暴雨过程进行了模拟。在模拟较理想的基础上，利用模式输出的高分辨率的动力协调资料，就暴雨过程中锋生次级环流各强迫项对暴雨的作用进行了诊断研究。结果表明：锋生次级环流对暴雨形成具有重要的作用，但在暴雨过程不同时期各项的作用差异很大。     

新疆7级强震前的围空特征

讨论了新疆40年代以来所发生的8次7级强震前的围空现象。结果表明,除1974年巴里坤7.1级地震因资料不全外,7级强震前均出现明显的围空现象。研究发现,这种围空一般都经历了三个过程,时间通常为10—20年。最后分析讨论了7级强震前围空的特征以及判别指标。这将为今后确定强震危险区提供依据。     

北京大庄科花岗质杂岩体中包体定位的动力学机理之探讨

北京大庄科花岗杂岩普遍含有微粒—细粒暗色包体,其中石英闪长岩和石英二长岩含包体较多,二长花岗岩含少量包体,淡色花岗岩和闪长岩含包体甚少。在含包体较多的岩体内,包体在岩体中部的分布量较多。计算结果表明,包体越小沉浮半径愈大、参数F值愈小的岩体,含包体愈多;岩体内岩浆上升速度大、包体下沉速度小以及F值小的部位,包体滞留量大。各岩体包体分布的多少,是由包体在寄主岩浆内的扩散系数、混合程度、岩浆携带力和基性岩浆混入量等因素综合决定的。     

Chromite deposits in China and their origin

The major chromite resources of China occur in ophiolites and continental intrusions. Podiform chromite deposits are mainly developed in the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic ophiolitic mantle sequences. They occur as tabular, lenticular, or irregular masses hosted by dunite lithologies, or dunite lenses, or harzburgite associated with dunite lenses. Main stratiform deposits occur within the Archean Northern China craton and are named as the Gaosi-type deposits, which are contained in intrusions similar to their Alaskan-type counterparts and are characterised by their ring-shaped ores. Stratiform deposits are also found in Phanerozoic ophiolites. Chromites in the ophiolites are chemically divided into high-A1 and high-Cr types, both of which plot in the alpine type field. Chromites from the Gaosi-type deposits belong to high-Fe type, possessing uniform Al contents. The podiform chromitites were generated from magmatic pockets in the mantle sequences, whereas those deposits (such as the Dadao deposit) in cumulate sequences had a similar origin but crystallized at shallower depths. Stratiform Gaosi-type deposits should have formed by accumulation of chromites which were in equilibrium with an ultramafic magma with a uniform Al content.     

东北平原农田防护林网区土地资源系统结构及动态

本文在对东北平原农田防护林网区土地资源系统基本结构分析的基础上,利用典型区域的数据对该土地资源系统动态进行分析。本区的土地资源系统进入广泛的农业开发时间仅五、六十年,但经过强人工作用,已从垦殖期转入衰竭期。只有以人工再生(高投入)的方式才能保证土地资源的永续利用,维持系统的良性循环。否则,仅仅依赖自然再生(低投入)为主要的物质能量返回形式,必然导致粮畜生产带走物质能量,造成土地肥力得不到必要补充,形成土地资源日益衰竭的恶性循环系统。     

攀钢,攀矿场地边坡地震稳定性研究

本文在总结分析攀钢、攀矿昔格达层滑坡基本特征的基础上,对区内滑坡进行了地震稳定性计算,给出了经不同方法治理后的滑坡的地震稳定系数;同时采用“因子迭加”方法对究研区进行边坡稳定性区划,划分出相对的稳定区、欠稳定区和不稳定区,为抗震减灾和土地的开发利用提供了科学依据。     

汤原断陷断裂构造特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用

汤原断陷是典型的受断裂控制的陆相盆地。盆地内断裂极为发育。断裂的发育主要有 Ｎ Ｅ向和 Ｎ Ｗ － Ｎ Ｗ Ｗ 方向,断裂的分布具有东西分带,南北分群的特征。按断裂的成因类型可划分出７ 种类型。断裂对油气生成、运聚及成藏的控制作用主要表现在：基底大断裂控制了烃源岩的展布,主干断裂控制了圈闭的形成和分布,断裂为油气运移提供了通道作用,断裂的封闭性为油气的聚集成藏提供了遮挡条件。     

超新星遗迹X射线研究

在此介绍我们基于ＡＳＣＡ 和ＲＯＳＡＴ 等Ｘ 射线天文卫星,对３Ｃ３９７ 、Ｇ３２７ ．１１ ．１ 、Ｇ２１ ．５０ ．９ 和ＲＸＪ１７１３ ．７３９４６ 等超新星遗迹的物理特性进行的分析,简要地讨论了３Ｃ３９７ 的非平衡电离双热分量和双极泡结构以及Ｇ３２７ ．１１ ．１ 和Ｇ２１ ．５０ ．９ 中隐匿脉冲星的性质,并提出ＲＸＪ１７１３ ．７３９４６ 和ＡＤ３９３ 客星之间可能的关系。     

Windows下静止卫星云图处理软件

使用可视化开发工具在微软Windows操作系统下开发了一套针对科研和教学使用的GMS-5静止卫星云图处理软件,它使用方便灵活,基本功能完备,能够完成气象研究中对静止卫星云图处理的基本要求。该软件的主要功能有：云图叠加地图与经纬网格、亮温等值线处理、云图平均、云图数字增强、云图转存为常用格式图像文件等。     

A water quality model for the Patuxent estuary: Current conditions and predictions under changing land-use scenarios

A water quality model was developed for the Patuxent estuary using the modeling framework CE-QUAL-W2 (called W2) to address the impact of current and projected land-use changes (stress) on the water quality. The W2 code, supported by the Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, is a two-dimensional (longitudinalvertical) model designed for hydrodynamic and water quality simulations of reservoirs and estuaries. The code was configured for the Patuxent estuary using a finite-difference grid for the water column. Also incorporated into the model calculations are flow and nutrient load results from a watershed model. The integrated model was calibrated with data of 1 yr from 1997 to 1998 by matching results with measured temperature, dissolved oxygen, chlorophylla, and nutrient levels in the water column. The calibrated model was used to predict the water quality effects of different watershed land-use scenarios. Model projection results suggest that reductions of nutrient loads would lead to improvement of anoxic conditions in the bottom waters of the lower Patuxent estuary.