Seasonal variation in functional phytoplankton groups in Xiangxi Bay, Three Gorges Reservoir

We describe the phytoplankton dynamics and structure in Xiangxi Bay, Three Gorges Reservoir. Samples were collected monthly in the surface waters between August 2007 and July 2008. We identified 10 principle functional groups. C-strategists and S/R-strategists with a wide range of tolerance dominated the phytoplankton assemblage. Seasonal variation was related to water column stability because of changes in hydraulic operation in October, January, and May. Functional group C (Asterionella formosa) and P (Au...     

单环刺螠纤溶酶Ⅱ的基因克隆

单环刺螠纤溶酶( UFE)是由本实验室分离纯化出的l组包括4个分子量组分的纤溶酶,各个组分均有提高受试机体继发性纤溶活性的能力,并具有显著的抗凝活件和纤溶活性以及较好的生物安全性.根据该纤溶酶Ⅱ的N-末端氨基酸序列设计简并引物,通过3'-RACE PCR获得该组分蛋白质的部分编码序列,进一步通过5’-RACE PCR获得单环刺螠纤溶酶基因全长cDNA编码序列906 bp,其中开放阅读框795 bp.该基因全长cDNA BLASTx比对结果表明,其编码产物与丝氨酸蛋白酶家族成员具有较高的同源性,通过PROSITE的ScanProsite软件分析得出,该蛋白质含有1个trypsin domain(第32-264位),在NCBI的CDD数据库中分析结果显示该酶是1种胰蛋白酶样丝氨酸蛋白酶.     

Fe-ZSM-5分子筛催化降解染料废水的研究

传统的Fenton均相亚铁盐催化剂处理染料废水,具有难以避免的二次污染和亚铁离子流失问题。分子筛催化剂相比传统催化剂具有高效环保的特点,在催化氧化染料废水领域有着良好的前景。本文通过液相离子交换法制备了Fe-ZSM-5非均相分子筛催化剂,替代传统的亚铁盐催化剂,应用X射线衍射对制备的Fe-ZSM-5分子筛催化剂进行表征,表明随离子交换次数的增加,Fe-ZSM-5催化剂负载的铁量上升,且较好地保持了分子筛结构,有利于提高亚铁离子的催化能力。通过实验确定了Fe-ZSM-5催化剂催化反应的最佳温度、pH值、Fe-ZSM-5的用量、反应时间等工艺参数,比较了Fe-ZSM-5催化剂和传统Fenton均相催化剂降解染料废水的脱色率和废水中铁离子的残留量,结果表明Fe-ZSM-5的脱色率达到98.5%,相比于Fenton均相催化剂的脱色率提升约3%;两种催化剂的铁离子残留量差别显著,Fe-ZSM-5催化剂处理的废水中只产生微量的Fe离子,可以认为Fe-ZSM-5非均相分子筛催化剂有效地解决了催化剂损耗和二次污染问题。     

阿拉善高原近60年的气候变化

阿拉善高原处于季风边缘区,生态环境极其脆弱,对气候干湿变化的响应极为敏感。利用近60a的逐月气温和降水量资料,采用非参数Mann-Kendall和Mann-whitney阶段性转换检验方法,分析了其变化趋势。结果表明,研究区气温在1988年前后发生突变,在该跃点后的19882010年的平均气温比19551987年要高1℃以上,有明显的增温趋势。而年降水量则无明显的增加趋势,尽管部分站点在1991年前后有微弱的增加迹象,但是区域尺度的降水突变还不存在,气候仍以暖干化为主,暂不能得出气候向暖湿转变的结论。     

枞阳县陶家巷工区找矿潜力分析

本文对枞阳县陶家巷工区成矿地质特征,物化探特征,地球化学特征,矿化蚀变特征等进行分析,研究显示区内成矿元素Cu、Pb、Zn等含量高于地壳背景值,断裂构造发育,断裂带内铜矿化、硅化等明显。断层发育,NE向断层发育,多以硅化带形式出现。裂隙发育,具不同程度的硅化高岭土化,局部充填有褐铁矿化脉。陶家巷一高庙山低缓异常带、方家湾地存在重磁同高异常。与已知矿化舍铜破碎带重合。结果表明,陶家巷大刨山铜矿深部及外围、城山岩体与围岩接触带、夏家井、方家湾、五印庵一团山小学和高庙山具有较好的找矿潜力。     

甘肃永靖黑方台地区灌溉诱发作用与黄土滑坡响应

黑方台地区自灌溉以来,诱发了大量的滑坡,但缺乏系统地对研究区的滑坡历史分析研究 在黑方台滑坡历史分析的基础上,研究灌溉引起的地下水位上升过程与滑坡的历史关系,对比分析不同时期的地下水位对滑坡稳定性、滑坡体积及后壁垮塌速度的影响.历史数据分析表明,灌溉引起的水位上升与滑坡发生的频率、体积存在明显的相关性,选取的典型滑坡稳定性计算结果显示滑坡具有多期逐级后退式特征,随着灌溉时间的增长,滑坡体积逐渐减小,但发生频率逐渐增大,基于DEM数据计算的滑坡变形也验证了计算结果.研究成果基本反演了灌溉引起的黄土滑坡历史过程,对黑方台滑坡的综合治理提供了数据支撑.     

非均质随机分布对岩石热破裂影响的数值试验

采用随机固热耦合数学模型及有限元分析方法,仅将热膨胀系数和热传导系数作为随机变量,在正态和韦泊两种随机分布下,采用平面应变模型,对热应力引起的岩石热破裂的变化进行了详细研究,模拟了岩石热破裂的整个过程,揭示了概率分布形式、分布参数m对岩石热破裂的影响,讨论了岩石热破裂与时间t的关系,温度与参数m的关系,温度与时间的变化规律,并研究了热破裂率随时间和温度的变化规律。     

塔里木盆地腹地第四纪沉积物粒度特征及其沉积环境

利用MS-2000型激光粒度仪及相关软件,对位于塔里木盆地腹地的塔中KT2号钻孔进行粒度测试与分析,绘制频率曲线图、概率累计曲线图等,结合其他测试数据、资料,进行沉积环境分析.结果表明塔里木盆地在早更新世以河湖相沉积为主,其晚期出现了风成相沉积;中更新世早期以洼地湖泊相沉积为主,但风成相沉积作用明显加强,至中更新世晚期,发展成为以风成相为主,经晚更新世到全新世,沙漠大规模形成,并逐步发展.气候总体由温暖湿润变为寒冷干旱.     

Effects of precipitation and landuse on runoff during the past 50 years in a typical watershed in the Loess Plateau, China

In the past century, great progress has been made worldwide in our understanding of forest-water relationship. The successful forestation programs implemented in China-which have improved the ecological environmental conditions-have gained the attention of many researchers and highlighted the relationship between forestation and water yields. The arid and semi-arid Loess Plateau has received attention from water engineers and eco-hydrological researchers in China because of a shortage in water resources. We selected one of the oldest stations conducting soil and water conservation experiments, the Xifeng soil and water conservation station, and chose the Nanxiaohe catchment and its paired catchments （Yangjiagou catchment and Dongzhuanggou catchment） as our research areas. Trends in precipitation, air temperature, streamflow over the past 50 years, and the effect of changing land use on streamflow were analyzed. The Mann-Kendall test showed that precipitation had a negative trend （downward trend）, whereas air temperature showed a positive trend （upward trend） from the past to present in the Nanxiaohe catchment. However, the trends seen in precipitation, air temperature did not contain any ＂jumping points.＂ The paired catchment approach is used to detect the effects of land cover change on hydrology in the Yangjiagou and the contrast catchment, i.e., Dongzhuanggou catchment in our study. The results showed a large change in land use in the Yangjiagou catchment from 1954 to 2008. An increase in forested land （from 0% to 40.08% from 1954 to 2008） and a reduction of bare land （from 51.26% to 5.50% from 1954 to 2008） accounted for a large part of the change in land use. However, the land use changed little in the contrast catchment. The comparison of streamfiow in the paired catchments showed that forestation reduced streamflow by 49.63% （or 6.5 mm） each year.