改进D-LinkNet模型在国产卫星影像云检测中的应用

大部分国产卫星波段少,利用传统方法难以进行云检测。本文提出了基于改进D-LinkNet模型的云检测算法,并应用于国产卫星遥感影像的云检测。首先,利用自然资源部国土卫星遥感应用中心提供的人工勾云样本生成二值图标签;其次,对D-LinkNet50的编码器进行改进,使用带有通道注意力机制的ResNeSt50-Block替换原始的ResNet50-Block;然后,对损失函数进行加权,测试分析发现只用交叉熵损失作为损失函数时,检测精度更高;最后,使用条件随机场（CRF）对预测结果进行后处理。试验结果表明,改进D-LinkNet模型在测试集上的IoU提升了1.93%,精度提升了2.45%,保持了较好的云边缘信息,云检测效果高于原D-LinkNet模型。     

Compiling distribution of karst in Southern China and Southeast Asia

As China and Southeast Asian countries have accelerated and globalized their economic development, karst environmental problems have become increasingly prominent and studying on and compiling maps of karst geology is quite important. Therefore, based on a wide collection of data in Southeast Asian countries, a cooperative map compilation has been carried out internationally. Through comprehensive research and analysis, a unified understanding has been achieved in terms of compiling principles, contents and representing methods, Distribution of Karst in Southern China and Southeast Asia (1/5 000 000) has been compiled, which provides foundations for environmental protection and scientific studies of karst geology.     

Simulated Heat Sink in the Southern Ocean and Its Contribution to the Recent Hiatus Decade

A set of numerical experiments is designed and carried out to understand a heat sink in the Southern Ocean in the recent hiatus decade. By using an oceanic general circulation model, the authors focus on the contributions from two types of forcing: wind stress and thermohaline forcing. The simulated results show that the heat sink in the upper Southern Ocean comes mainly from thermohaline forcing; while in the deeper layers, wind stress forcing also plays an important role. These different contributions may be due to different physical processes for the heat budget. The combination of these two types of forcing shows a significant heat sink in the Southern Ocean in the recent hiatus decade, and this is consistent with the observations and conclusions of a similar recently published study.     

苏鲁榴辉岩带的矿物地球化学研究及意义

石榴石和单斜辉石作为榴辉岩的主要造岩矿物,其微量元素地球化学特征对深入研究化学组成等方面有重要意义。苏鲁榴辉岩带中石榴石和单斜辉石中的主要微量元素与全岩呈很好的正相关关系。石榴石和单斜辉石的轻重稀土元素含量呈相互消长的互补关系。Ga、Cr、Zn主要赋存于石榴石和单斜辉石中,重稀土、Y、Co、Sc主要赋存于石榴石中,V、Ni主要赋存于单斜辉石中,轻稀土和Sr在胶东榴辉岩中主要赋存于单斜辉石中,但在鲁南榴辉岩中可能赋存于磷灰石和绿帘石等矿物中。胶东榴辉岩为地幔成因,鲁南榴辉岩壳幔成因均有。苏鲁榴辉岩自西向东成岩温度逐渐升高,成岩压力增加。     

辽宁海岛统计数据变化原因探究

辽宁海岛的历次统计数据有差异,主要原因有两点:一是海岛实体自身的变化,二是统计对象范围与标准不同。辽宁海岛数量将呈现动态变化,必须切实加强对海岛的保护。     

Seasonal Gametogenesis of Host Sea Anemone (Entacmaea quadricolor) InhabitingHong Kong Waters

Studying gonadal development of annual cycle can reveal the process of gametogenesis and reproductive period, and evaluate fertility and source utilization of a species. Host sea anemones are conspicuous members of tropical and subtropical reef ecosystems, but little is known about its biology including reproductive seasonality. Here we reported a one-year study on the gametogenesis and reproduction of host sea anemone(Entacmaea quadricolor) inhabiting Hong Kong waters. E. quadricolor tissues were sampled in 12 occasions from 5 m and 15 m depths of water, respectively. Histological sectioning of the tissues showed that E. quadricolor was dioecious, and populational ratio of female to male was 1:1.6. The gonadal development was asynchronous within an annual cycle, which included proliferating, growing, maturing, spawning, and resting stages. The spawning occurred between August and October when surface seawater temperature reached the annual maximum(28℃), suggesting that temperature is an important factor modulating the gonadal development and mature of E. quadricolor.     

2013年四川省飞机增雨作业典型个例分析

2013年四川及西南部分地区春旱严重,省人工影响天气办公室积极组织实施飞机增雨作业共37架次,对上述地区农业抗旱、空中水资源开发、生态环境改善等方面发挥了重要作用。选取4月4日20时飞机人工增雨作业个例,对干旱监测、天气条件、作业条件监测、作业方案及效果评估等进行详细分析。此次增雨作业后,作业区降水回波强度面积明显增强,降水量也在作业后有增大的过程,作业区普降小到中雨,部分地方大雨。利用区域雨量对比的方法计算得出此次增雨作业影响面积2.9万km2,3 h增加降水量11972万m3。     

植酸酶对凡纳滨对虾生长性能和体成分的影响

在凡纳滨对虾饲料中添加不同量微生物植酸酶(0,500,1000,2000 U/kg),观察虾的存活率、增重率、饲料系数及虾体和虾壳成分,研究饲料中添加植酸酶对凡纳滨对虾生长性能的影响。结果表明:饲养8周后,饲料中添加500~2000 U/kg植酸酶对凡纳滨对虾增重率、存活率和饲料利用无显著影响(P>0.05);植酸酶添加各组与对照组虾体的水分、粗蛋白、脂肪、灰分、总钙和总磷含量差异不显著;虾壳中粗灰分和钙含量在500和1000 U/kg组显著高于对照组和2000 U/kg组(P<0.05),虾壳磷含量在各饲料组间差异不显著。血清磷浓度在对照组和2000 U/kg组显著高于500 U/kg组(P<0.05),血清钙浓度在组间差异不显著,血清碱性磷酸酶活性以对照组最高,显著高于500和1000 U/kg组。结果说明,在特定试验条件下,饲料中添加植酸酶对凡纳滨对虾幼虾的虾壳和血清成分有显著影响(P<0.05),对幼虾生长性能影响不显著(P>0.05)。     

口蹄疫病毒VP1植物表达载体的构建

P1 T重组质粒上含有口蹄疫病毒 (FMDV)GD10分离株的p1cDNA片段 ,以此为模板 ,用PCR方法扩增其中的VP1基因 ,获得大小约 6 40bp的片段。该片段用BglⅡ和BstEⅡ酶切消化后克隆至表达载体 pCAMBIA130 5 .2 ,转化EcoliTOP10感受态细胞。重组质粒经PCR、酶切及序列分析 ,证实VP1基因处于CaMV35S启动子控制 ,且读码框正确     

西秦岭糜署岭岩浆混合花岗岩地球化学特征及构造意义

西秦岭糜署岭岩体是壳幔岩浆混合的产物。从寄主岩石和基性端元暗色微细粒镁铁质包体的主要元素、稀土元素岩石地球化学研究入手，深入探讨了糜署岭岩体是壳源和幔源两类岩浆混合形成的混浆花岗岩，其岩石地球化学特征介于壳源和幔源两个端元之间并有显著的过渡特征，表明二者在岩浆侵位过程中发生过不同程度地物质成分交换。这对研究西秦岭中生代壳幔混合作用和地壳增生有重要意义。