基于多期DEM数据的滑坡变形定量分析

滑坡的定量变形分析是滑坡研究中的难点问题.为揭示黑方台灌区滑坡的变形演化过程,借助1977年、1997年、2001年和2010年4个时期测制的地形图资料,以ArcGIS为平台,建立了基于多期DEM数据的滑坡变形定量分析模型,并对黑方台塬边32处滑坡分阶段进行了变形量与变形速率计算.1977-1997年,滑坡后壁后移侵蚀速率平均为4.47m/a;1997-2001年,后移侵蚀率平均为3.46m/a;2001-2010年,后移侵蚀率平均为1.10m/a.同时建立了灌溉量与滑坡变形量的相关关系式,并对滑坡的变形演化趋势进行了预测,到2015年,滑坡后壁后移距离平均为0.79m,到2020年,滑坡后壁后移距离可减少到0.20m.     

羌塘盆地中生代源岩中动物型原沥青的成因及意义

通过对羌塘盆地中生代碳酸盐岩中广泛存在的环状、串珠状动物型原沥青进行显微傅立叶红外、热模拟及光性变化特征的研究，结果发现；动物型原沥青形成于有孔虫的壳壁（外皮），在不同温度的热模拟实验中，其光性变化与镜质组具有明显的相关性，与沥青的热演化特征基本相似，因此，其反射率（Rb)可作为青藏高原中生代碳酸盐岩源岩成熟度评价的基础。     

云南金平铜厂斑岩铜钼矿区岩体锆石Ce4+/Ce3+比值及其对成矿的指示意义

对金沙江—红河成矿带南段铜厂斑岩铜钼矿区含矿的石英正长斑岩和无矿的细粒正长岩开展了锆石的Ce4+/Ce3+比值、δCe及δEu值的研究,结果显示含矿的4个石英正长斑岩样品的锆石Ce4+/Ce3+比值变化范围为208～336,平均比值为265,δCe值变化范围为17.6～60.6,平均值为33.8,δEu值变化范围为0.592～0.628,平均值为0.611,不含矿的1个细粒正长岩样品的锆石Ce4+/Ce3+比值为61,δCe值为8.50,δEu值为0.424,含矿的石英正长斑岩的锆石Ce4+/Ce3+比值、δCe及δEu值均明显高于不含矿的细粒正长岩,反映了与成矿有关的岩浆具有相对高的氧化状态。对比金沙江—红河成矿带北段的玉龙斑岩铜钼矿带和中段的马厂箐斑岩铜钼矿的含矿与无矿岩体,它们的锆石Ce4+/Ce3+比值与南段铜厂斑岩铜钼矿含矿及无矿岩体具有基本类似的特征,含矿岩体的锆石Ce4+/Ce3+比值通常大于200,而不含矿岩体的锆石Ce4+/Ce3+比值基本上都小于120。这种差异对进一步认识金沙江—红河成矿带斑岩铜钼矿的岩浆氧逸度特征具有重要的理论意义,对斑岩铜钼矿的找矿工作具有一定的指导意义。     

德兴铜矿花岗闪长斑岩成岩过程分异的初始岩浆流体HF、HCl浓度特征

用全岩锆饱和温度计和角闪石Al压力计计算得到德兴花岗闪长斑岩体的平均结晶温度为(790±50)℃,压力为(198±60)MPa。以此温压条件为前提,根据化学反应平衡时各组分浓度与反应吉布斯自由能的关系,在假设磷灰石中F-、Cl-与OH-理想替位的前提下,运用电子探针测试及计算得到的花岗闪长斑岩中斑晶矿物磷灰石F-、Cl-、OH-浓度,计算得到磷灰石结晶时流体中HF、HCl的活度分别为0.00079和0.196mol/L。这个浓度代表了岩浆结晶早期分异的初始岩浆流体中HF和HCl的含量特征,且HCl的有效浓度远远大于HF,暗示德兴花岗质岩浆分异的初始岩浆流体富含能与成矿元素Cu形成稳定络合物的挥发性组分Cl,有利于形成花岗质岩浆热液铜矿床。     

老挝钾盐矿床钾元素测定

比较两种测试方法后,认为老挝钾盐矿区中可同时采用原子吸收法和容量法,取得理想结果     

Geochronology and Geochemistry of Early Cretaceous Granitic Plutons in the Xing’an Massif, Great Xing’an Range, NE China: Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

In this study, we present zircon U-Pb ages, whole-rock geochemical data and Hf isotopic compositions for the Meiguifeng and Arxan plutons in Xing'an Massif, Great Xing'an Range, which can provide important information in deciphering both Mesozoic magmatism and tectonic evolution of NE China. The zircon U-Pb dating results indicate that alkali feldspar granite from Meiguifeng pluton was emplaced at ～145 to 137 Ma, and granite porphyry of Arxan pluton was formed at ～129 Ma. The Meiguifeng and Arxan plutons have similar geochemical features, which are characterized by high silica, total alkalis, differentiation index, with low P_2O_5, CaO, MgO, TFe_2O_3 contents. They belong to high-K calc-alkaline series, and show weakly peraluminous characteristics. The Meiguifeng and Arxan plutons are both enriched in LREEs and LILEs(e.g., Rb, Th, U and K), and depleted in HREEs and HFSEs(e.g., Nb, Ta and Ti). Combined with the petrological and geochemical features, the Meiguifeng and Arxan plutons show highly fractionated I-type granite affinity. Moreover, the Meiguifeng and Arxan plutons may share a common or similar magma source, and they were probably generated by partial melting of Neoproterozoic high-K basaltic crust. Meanwhile, plagioclase, K-feldspar, biotite, apatite, monazite, allanite and Ti-bearing phases fractionated from the magma during formation of Meiguifeng and Arxan plutons. Combined with spatial distribution and temporal evolution, we assume that the generation of Early Cretaceous Meiguifeng and Arxan plutons in Great Xing'an Range was closely related to the break-off of Mudanjiang oceanic plate. Furthermore, the Mudanjiang Ocean was probably a branch of Paleo-Pacific Ocean.     

华南热液铀矿成矿作用若干问题探讨

华南地区基底铀背景值较高,区域热液铀矿形成于晚中生代-古近纪(K-E)的地壳拉张期。区内各类型热液铀矿床在成矿时代、温压条件、矿物组合及热液蚀变等方面有一定的共同特征,根据热液铀矿床的分布可划分为三大成矿带。铀成矿与伸展构造关系密切,且成矿流体、物质可能为不同来源;铀成矿期铀主要以碳酸铀络合物形式运移。     

平流层爆发性增温期间行星波的活动

利用逐日的NCEP再分析资料分析了1978～2004年期间发生的18次强爆发性增温时平流层中下层行星波1波和2波的异常以及极涡崩溃的形式.分析表明, 爆发性增温前期1波都异常增幅, 波振幅达到峰值之后的一段时间内发生爆发性增温, 然而在增温过程中行星波2波的变化却有明显不同, 可分为三种情况: (1) 在增温前期, 行星波2波很弱; 在增温期间, 行星波2波异常发展, 伴随着极涡崩溃的形式是由偏心型向偶极型过渡. (2) 在增温前期, 行星波2波较强; 在增温期间, 行星波2波明显减弱, 极涡的变化形式是远离极地, 在极地外围活动, 但不发生分裂.(3) 在增温前期, 行星波2波不太强; 在增温期间, 行星波2波有所发展, 但始终强不过1波, 极涡的变化是先偏离极地, 然后发生不对称的变形.作者还计算和分析了EP通量及其散度, 利用波流相互作用理论对这三种行星波的异常变化及其与爆发性增温的关系进行解释.     

黑龙江多宝山、铜山大型斑岩铜(钼)矿床中辉钼矿的铼-锇同位素年龄

黑龙江多宝山、铜山大型斑岩铜（钼）矿床的成岩成矿年龄以往确定主要为华力西中晚期至印支期（３１１－２１９Ｍａ），本次研究测得辉钼矿ＲｅＯｓ等时线年龄为５０６±１４Ｍａ。它和用其他方法测定的同位素年龄有较大差别，从而为进一步讨论矿床的成矿作用提供了新的线索，推断此数据可能反映辉钼矿源岩下奥陶统酸性火山碎屑岩的年龄。研究还发现辉钼矿中１８７Ｏｓ的含量特高，且估算储量很大，具有巨大的潜在经济价值。     

STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POLLUTING FOG IN GUANGZHOU AREA IN SPRING

Samples of fog water collected in the area of Guangzhou during February, March and April of 2005 are used in this work to study the chemical composition of fog water in polluting fog there. Three typical episodes of polluting fog are analyzed in terms of ionic concentration and their possible sources. It is found that the concentration of various ions in fog water is much higher than those in rainwater. Fog not only blocks visual range but contains liquid particles that result in high degree of pollution and are very harmful to human health. SO₄⁼ is the anion with the highest concentration in fog water, followed by NO₃^-.For the cation, Ca⁺⁺ and NH₄⁺ are the highest in concentration. It is then known that rainwater is more acidic than fog water, indicating that ionic concentration of fog water is much higher than that of rainwater, but there are much more buffering materials in fog water, like NH₄⁺ and Ca⁺⁺. There is significant enrichment of Ca⁺⁺, SO₄⁼, and Mg⁺⁺ in fog water. In the Guangzhou area, fog water from polluting fog is mainly influenced continental environment and human activity. The episodes of serious fog pollution during the time have immediate relationships with the presence of abundant water vapor and large amount of polluting aerosol particles.