基于安卓平台的室内实时定位

针对目前利用WiFi信号进行室内定位实时精度较低的问题,该文提出了一种改进的K最近邻算法。由于室内人体走动对于WiFi信号的不规律干扰,使得室内实时定位的精度带有很大的不确定性。为了实时地消除外界干扰带来的误差,改进的K最近邻算法增加了外部节点来监测周围WiFi信号的强度变化,通过将获取的信号强度与指纹数据库中对应节点的信号强度比对,获取差值,并应用于节点周围的客户端,来实时地校正客户端的定位结果。利用此算法在Android平台上的实验表明,该算法定位简单,可以较为明显地改善节点周围2.4m范围内的实时定位精度,使平均精度能提高0.8~1m左右。     

Dynamical Downscaling of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis for China:Climatic Means during 1981–2010

This study presents a dynamically downscaled climatology over East Asia using the non-hydrostatic Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model, forced by the Twentieth Century Reanalysis(20CR-v2). The whole experiment is a 111-year(1900–2010) continuous run at 50 km horizontal resolution. Comparisons of climatic means and seasonal cycles among observations, 20CR-v2, and WRF results during the last 30 years(1981–2010) in China are presented, with a focus on surface air temperature and precipitation in both summer and winter. The WRF results reproduce the main features of surface air temperature in the two seasons in China, and outperform 20CR-v2 in regional details due to topographic forcing. Summer surface air temperature biases are reduced by as much as 1°C–2°C. For precipitation, the simulation results reproduce the decreasing pattern from Southeast to Northwest China in winter. For summer rainfall, the WRF simulation results reproduce the correct magnitude and position of heavy rainfall around the southeastern coastal area, and are better than 20CR-v2. One of the significant improvements is that an unrealistic center of summer precipitation in Southeast China present in 20CR-v2 is eliminated. However, the simulated results underestimate winter surface air temperature in northern China and winter rainfall in some regions in southeastern China. The mean seasonal cycles of surface air temperature and precipitation are captured well over most of sub-regions by the WRF model.     

Evaluation of the simulation capability of the Wavewatch Ⅲ model for Pacific Ocean wave

Wave climate analysis and other applications for the Pacific Ocean require a reliable wave hindcast. Five source and sink term packages in the Wavewatch III model(v3.14 and v4.18) are compared and assessed in this study through comprehensive observations, including altimeter significant wave height, advanced synthetic aperture radar swell, and buoy wave parameters and spectrum. In addition to the evaluation of typically used integral parameters, the spectra partitioning method contributes to the detailed wave system and wave maturity validation. The modified performance evaluation method(PS) effectively reduces attribute numbers and facilitates the overall assessment. To avoid possible misleading results in the root mean square error-based validations, another indicator called HH(indicating the two authors) is also calculated to guarantee the consistency of the results. The widely used Tolman and Chalikov(TC) package is still generally efficient in determining the integral properties of wave spectra but is physically deficient in explaining the dissipation processes. The ST4 package performs well in overall wave parameters and significantly improves the accuracy of wave systems in the open ocean. Meanwhile, the newly published ST6 package is slightly better in determining swell energy variations. The two packages(ACC350 and BJA) obtained from Wavewatch III v3.14 exhibit large scatters at different sea states. The three most ideal packages are further examined in terms of reproducing waveinduced momentum flux from the perspective of transport. Stokes transport analysis indicates that ST4 is the closest to the NDBC-buoy-spectrum-based transport values, and TC and ST6 tend to overestimate and underestimate the transport magnitude, respectively, in swell mixed areas. This difference must be considered,particularly in air–wave–current coupling research and upper ocean analysis. The assessment results provide guidance for the selection of ST4 for use in a background Pacific Ocean hindcast for high wave climate research and China Sea swell type analysis.     

“从源到汇”的时间尺度——根据U系同位素计算海洋沉积物的搬运时间

东亚边缘海陆源碎屑沉积物的"从源到汇"过程是我国陆海相互作用和海洋地质研究的重要内容。目前我国已开展的沉积物源汇研究大多集中于源汇过程中的"源"和"汇"2个端元的讨论,而对沉积物从源到汇的过程尤其是时间尺度缺乏系统和定量的探讨。根据234 U/238 U比值定量计算沉积物的搬运时间,是国际上最近发展的一种同位素地球化学示踪方法,已经成功应用于世界多条河流和海洋沉积物的搬运时间计算。对该方法的理论基础和应用情况进行了系统的介绍,该方法在我国的应用和推广将有助于深化我国东部边缘海不同构造—气候—人类活动背景下河流入海沉积物的从源到汇过程研究。     

区域现场地震工作系统的安装与调试

针对灾害性地震发生后,地震应急部门的现场工作要求,设计了区域现场地震工作系统。提供可靠的地震现场调查和通讯手段,及时掌握震情、灾情信息,有效地进行应急指挥与调度。本文详细介绍了区域现场地震工作系统的设计思路、技术流程、设备功能和应用效果。     

大型地下洞室施工过程中的可靠性分析

通过对Monte-Carlo随机有限元和系统可靠度计算的? 分支法的研究分析,考虑把二者联合起来分析洞室施工过程安全性,提出了一种大型地下洞室开挖过程中可靠度评价的方法。以海南工程为例,对地下洞室开挖过程中的每一步进行可靠性评价,分析比较了多层耦合法与分层逆作法之间洞室施工过程中的稳定性,比较了二者的优缺点。从而对多层耦合法施工有一个全面的了解和比较,为今后的大型洞室快速施工提供科学依据。     

工程岩体分类方法在小浪底工程中的应用

利用国内外常用的RMR(Rock Mass Ruting)和Q工程岩体分类体系,对小浪底工程中的地下工程进行了岩体的分类研究,并根据分类结果提出了地下工程的支护措施,估计了岩体的抗剪强度和变形模量。工程实践结果表明,分类结果是合适的,依据分类结果制定的支护方案是合适的。运行结果表明工程处于稳定状态。     

莱州湾东岸海涂开发与景观生态建设

分析了莱州湾东岸海涂资源的特点,对目前海涂资源开发的主要方式及开发过程中出现的问题,如地下海水入侵日趋严重、河道挖沙对海涂的破坏和海涂环境污染不断加剧等进行了研究。结果表明：该区淡水资源严重缺乏,地下水采补失调,地下海水入侵严重;河道、海滨挖沙现象严重,影响海涂的平衡与稳定;水体污染严重,治理难度大;海洋灾害频繁。探讨了莱州湾东岸海涂开发与景观生态建设的原则及主要内容。     

APPLICATION OF SFM PHOTOGRAMMETRY METHOD TO THE QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF ACTIVE TECTONICS

High-precision and high-resolution topographic data are the basis of quantitative study of active tectonics. The appearance and rapid development of photogrammetry method provide an economical and effective technical means for obtaining high precision terrain data. Compared with traditional measurement methods, the photogrammetry method can be carried out in a wide range without being limited by the ground visibility conditions, and the measurement cost is also relatively low. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of computer vision theory and efficient automatic feature matching algorithm, a 3D reconstruction technique called "Structure from Motion"(SfM)was introduced into the photogrammetry method, greatly improving the automation of the photogrammetry method. This paper mainly introduces the basic principle and the development of photogrammetry method, and also summarizes the application of photogrammetry method in the study of active tectonics, and finally demonstrates the great application potential of photogrammetry method in the quantitative study of active tectonics by displaying a specific application example.