我国产区的几种海水和淡水贝壳珍珠层粉成分的初步对比研究

为了系统研究和比较我国产区的一些海水和淡水贝壳珍珠层的物相和元素成分,我们采集了2种淡水育珠三角帆蚌壳和8种海水贝壳,其中4种是海水育珠马氏珠母贝壳,另4种是其它海水贝壳,并进行预处理以制备其贝壳珍珠层。然后使用X射线衍射、氨基酸分析、原子吸收光谱、原子荧光光谱法对贝壳珍珠层进行分析。结果表明这10种贝壳珍珠层的矿物物相都十分简单,主要由文石组成,仅含少量的方解石,并且它们的物相成分无明显的差别,难以通过X射线衍射（XRD）分析技术加以鉴定。与其它4种海水贝壳珍珠层相比,马氏珠母贝和三角帆蚌壳珍珠层的氨基酸含量明显大些。各种贝壳珍珠层的微量元素Na、Pb、Hg、As、Cu、Se、Cr、Mn的含量,与其品种基本无关,但可能与其生长的水环境有关。     

赣南西华山钨矿床成矿流体演化特征

赣南西华山钨矿床是一个闻名中外的大型石英脉型钨矿床。为探讨成矿流体性质以及演化过程,本文对西华山石英脉型钨矿床主成矿阶段含矿石英脉中流体包裹体进行了岩相学、显微测温学研究和激光拉曼光谱分析。结果显示,西华山钨矿床的流体包裹体以H2O-NaCl型为主,局部发育H2O-NaCl-CO2型。流体热焓-盐度图解表明成矿流体以混合作用为主,局部沸腾在热液系统演化中作用不大。通过对沸腾包裹体的测温数据进行计算,得出西华山脉型钨矿成矿压力约为27～87 MPa,矿床形成深度约为1.0～3.3 km。     

基于ArcGIS＋DEM的三眼峪泥石流水动力条件分析

通过对甘肃省舟曲三眼峪特大泥石流灾害的现场调查,从泥石流形成的地形地貌条件和水动力条件人手,以ArcGIS为平台,运用DEM数据,分析了特大泥石流灾害的三区地形地貌特征、固体松散物特征、降雨特征以及泥石流静力学和动力学特征。结果表明：三眼峪三区为泥石流的形成和径流流通提供了极为有利地形条件;固体松散物质补给量潜力巨大,会导致堰塞坝的放大效应;诱发此次特大山洪泥石流是一场局地性、短时强度大的暴雨过程,泥石流容重在2．10t·m^-3左右,属于高容重黏性泥石流;泥石流屈服应力在8000Pa以上,大小眼峪（降雨汇流区）及三眼峪（泥石流堆积区）泥石流流速分别为8．97m／s、7．06m／s和6．02m／s,洪峰流量分别为1659m^3／s、1553m^3／s和1896m^3／s,冲击力分别为46676tf、40236tf和21182tf,其破坏力巨大,危害严重,使得泥石流在汇流区破坏力巨大以切蚀为主,受地形影响,三眼峪出口处,冲击力减小,泥石流发生堆积。     

天然地震与人工爆破波形信号HHT特征提取和SVM识别研究

天然地震和人工爆破信号属于非线性非平稳信号,而传统信号分析方法是针对线性系统平稳信号的,本文采用希尔伯特—黄变换(Hilbert-Huang Transform,简称HHT)试图提取可明确区分天然地震和人工爆破事件的波形特征.通过经验模态分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,简称EMD)把原信...     

玻尿酸合成酶的鲨鱼源单域抗体筛选

在鲨鱼等软骨鱼类体内存在天然的缺失轻链、仅包含重链的抗体,源于这种重链抗体可变区的片段称为单域抗体(single domain antibody)。目前单域抗体研究中的抗原主要来源于水溶性蛋白或病原体,筛选膜蛋白鲨鱼源单域抗体的领域接近空白。本研究以重组表达的小球藻病毒玻尿酸合成酶(一种膜蛋白)为抗原,经过免疫、建库、淘选、验证等步骤获得了抗原特异性条纹斑竹鲨(Chiloscyllium plagiosum)单域抗体序列。随后利用大肠杆菌表达了该单域抗体,通过等温滴定量热技术(ITC)测定了其与抗原的亲和力,证实了以膜蛋白作为抗原制备鲨鱼源单域抗体的可行性。     

N,N''''-双癸酰基乙二胺二乙酸钠的合成与性能研究

以乙二胺和氯乙酸为原料,在低温常压下合成乙二胺二乙酸(EDDA),再以EDDA与癸酰氯反应制得N,N'-双癸酰基乙二胺二乙酸钠.采用核磁共振波谱确证了其结构;对产品的临界表面张力、起泡及稳泡能力、乳化能力及润湿渗透性能进行表征.在25℃时,N,N'-双癸酰基乙二胺二乙酸钠溶液的临界表面张力为28.1mN/m,临界胶束浓度为1.6×10-3 mol/L.显示出该产品有优良的起泡稳泡性能、乳化性能及润湿渗透性能,是1种优良的表面活性剂.     

新旧地形图编号及范围解算方法

在深入分析新、旧地形图分幅及编号规则的基础上,建立了新地形图编号算法模型、新地形图图幅范围解算模型以及新、旧地形图编号转换算法模型。解决了地形图编号的快速检索与图幅范围解算等问题。     

北太平洋波浪输运和西边界流的季节变化

西边界流输运可以用Sverdrup理论推算出来.本文首先利用ECMWF再分析风场数据,计算了44年的月平均的风应力旋度及Sverdrup体积输运,在北太平洋3条纬度上对Sverdrup体积输运进行积分,得到Sverdrup体积输运的季节变化,从中发现,在向赤道流动的方向上,Sverdrup体积输运在冬季存在最大值,夏季存在最小值;同样利用ECMWF再分析波浪数据,计算了44a的月平均的Stokes体积输运,在相同纬度上对Stokes体积输运进行积分,得到Stokes体积输运的季节变化,从结果中发现,在向赤道流动的方向上,Stokes输运在冬季存在最大值,在夏季存在最小值.在本文中设定R=T_(st)/T_(sv)×100%,T_(st)为Stokes体积输运,T_(sv)为Sverdrup体积输运,发现Stokes输运和Sverdrup输运存在同位相的季节变化,并且(-R)冬季平均值在5%以上,年平均值在2%～3%左右,从而推断出波浪诱导的输运对Sverdrup输运,既对西边界流有不可忽视的贡献.     

2018年秦皇岛风暴潮前后岸基站及浮标主要水质参数变化分析

对2018年8月秦皇岛风暴潮期间3个入海口岸基站及邻近海域浮标的监测数据进行分析,结果显示:风暴潮导致入海口水体中COD、总磷、总氮和氨氮含量均明显升高;风暴潮2 d之后,3个入海口邻近海域均发生赤潮,此次赤潮的发生与风暴潮导致陆源入海污染物骤然大幅升高有关。此次风暴潮导致秦皇岛人造河口、大蒲河口和七里海3个岸基监测站的COD监测日均值最高分别达到15.83 mg/L、8.70 mg/L和7.92 mg/L,约升高至前期的2倍、1.5倍和2倍;人造河口总氮变化不大,大蒲河口和七里海总氮升高30%左右;大蒲河口总磷变化不大,人造河口总磷为前期的3.5倍,升高幅度最大,七里海总磷为风暴潮之前两日的2倍,但未超过前一周的最高浓度;风暴潮当天及第二天,人造河口、大蒲河口、七里海氨氮日均值陆续达到最高,分别为2.34 mg/L、1.11 mg/L和0.12 mg/L,分别为风暴潮前两日的7倍、3.5倍和10倍。风暴潮过后,入海口临近海域发生赤潮,浮标监测到叶绿素a最高值为76.4μg/L,pH和溶解氧也大幅升高。分析表明,此次风暴潮导致的入海口污染物突然大幅升高为风暴潮之后的赤潮发生提供了充足的营养基础。     

PRESENT KINEMATICS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTHERN YUMUSHAN ACTIVE FAULT AND ITS RESPONSE TO THE NORTHEASTWARD GROWTH OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU

Qilian Shan and Hexi Corridor, located in the north of Tibetan plateau, are the margin of Tibetan plateau's tectonic deformation and pushing. Its internal deformations and activities can greatly conserve the extension process and characteristics of the Plateau. The research of Qilian Shan and Hexi Corridor consequentially plays a significant role in understanding tectonic deformation mechanism of Tibetan plateau. The northern Yumushan Fault, located in the middle of the northern Qilian Shan thrust belt, is a significant component of Qilian Shan thrust belt which divides Yumushan and intramontane basins in Hexi Corridor. Carrying out the research of Yumushan Fault will help explain the kinematics characteristics of the northern Yumushan active fault and its response to the northeastward growth of the Tibetan plateau.Because of limited technology conditions of the time, different research emphases and some other reasons, previous research results differ dramatically. This paper summarizes the last 20 years researches from the perspectives of fault slip rates, paleao-earthquake characteristics and tectonic deformation. Using aerial-photo morphological analysis, field investigation, optical simulated luminescence(OSL)dating of alluvial surfaces and topographic profiles, we calculate the vertical slip rate and strike-slip rate at the typical site in the northern Yumushan Fault, which is(0.55±0.15)mm/a and(0.95±0.11), respectively. On the controversial problems, namely "the Luotuo(Camel)city scarp" and the 180 A.D. Biaoshi earthquake, we use aerial-photo analysis, particular field investigation and typical profile dating. We concluded that "Luotuo city scarp" is the ruin of ancient diversion works rather than the fault scarp of the 180 A.D. Biaoshi earthquake. Combining the topographic profiles of the mountain range with fault characteristics, we believe Yumu Shan is a part of Qilian Shan. The uplift of Yumu Shan is the result of Qilian Shan and Yumu Shan itself pushing northwards. Topographic profile along the crest of the Yumu Shan illustrates the decrease from its center to the tips, which is similar to the vertical slip rates and the height of fault scarp. These show that Yumu Shan is controlled by fault extension and grows laterally and vertically. At present, fault activities are still concentrated near the north foot of Yumu Shan, and the mountain ranges continue to rise since late Cenozoic.