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511.
We have characterized the outer-membrane decaheme cytochromes OmcA and MtrC from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 at the single-molecule level using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and tunneling spectroscopy (TS). These cytochrome proteins are of great interest because they are thought to mediate bacterial electron transfer reactions in anoxic waters that control the reductive dissolution of oxide minerals. In our study, to characterize the electron transfer properties of these proteins on a model surface, the purified cytochromes were chemically immobilized as molecular monolayers on Au(111) substrates via a recombinant tetra-cysteine sequence as verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Atomic force microscopy images confirm the monolayer films were ∼5-8 nm thick which is consistent with the apparent lateral dimensions of individual cytochrome molecules obtained with STM. Current-voltage TS of single cytochrome molecules revealed that OmcA and MtrC have different abilities to mediate tunneling current despite having otherwise very similar molecular and biochemical properties. These observations suggest that, based on their electron tunneling properties, the two cytochromes could have specific roles during bacterial metal reduction. Additionally, this study establishes single-molecule STM/TS as an effective means for revealing insights into biogeochemical redox processes in the environment. 相似文献
512.
地质雷达方法检测隧道衬砌质量研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在铁路、公路和电站等项目的建设中,隧道隐蔽工程所占比例较大。为了严格控制隧道的施工质量,检测方法由传统的破检向无损检测转变,并对无损检测的精度要求也越来越高。由于探地雷达技术具有高效率、高分辨率和异常图像直观等突出优点,因此,该方法广泛应用于隧道隐蔽工程的质量检测中。这里从地质雷达方法原理出发,从理论上研究了电磁波在隧道衬砌内的传播规律、反射能力和基本雷达图像特征,并结合工程实例,总结了正确判识各类雷达异常的经验,提出了常用的反演计算方法。 相似文献
513.
514.
Flat rare earth element patterns as an indicator of cumulate processes in the Lesser Qinling carbonatites, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cheng Xu Ian H. Campbell Charlotte M. Allen Zhilong Huang Liang Qi Huan Zhang Guishan Zhang 《Lithos》2007,95(3-4):267-278
The Lesser Qinling carbonatite dykes are mainly composed of calcites. They are characterized by unusually high heavy rare earth element concentrations (HREE; e.g. Yb > 30 ppm) and flat to weakly light rare earth element (LREE) enriched chondrite-normalized patterns (La/Ybn = 1.0–5.5), which is in marked contrast with all other published carbonatite data. The trace element contents of calcite crystals were measured in situ by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). Some crystals show reduced LREE from core to rim, whereas their HREE compositions are relatively constant. The total REE contents and chondrite-normalized REE patterns from the cores of carbonate crystals are similar to those of the whole rock. The carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of calcites fall within the range of primary, mantle-derived carbonatites. The initial Sr isotopic compositions (0.70480–0.70557) of calcites are consistent with an EM1 source or mixing between HIMU and EM1 mantle sources. However these sources cannot produce carbonatite parental magmas with a flat or slightly LREE enrichment pattern by low degrees of partial melting. Analyses of carbonates from other carbonatites show that carbonates have nearly flat REE pattern if they crystallize from a LREE enriched carbonatite melt. This implies that when carbonates crystallize from a carbonatite melt the calcite/melt partition coefficients (D) for HREE are much greater than the D for the LREE. The nearly flat REE patterns of the Lesser Qinling carbonatites can be explained if they are carbonate cumulates that contain little trapped carbonatite melt. Strong enrichment of HREE in the carbonatites may require their derivation by small degrees of melting from a garnet-poor source. 相似文献
515.
PET前端电子电路滤波器的设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了减小PET前端电子电路中信号的噪声干扰,提高信号的信噪比,本文设计了一个二阶无源RC滤波器.用HSPICE、MATLAB对实验数据做了仿真与分析,实验表明该滤波器能够有效地提高信号的信噪比.在此基础之上设计的电子电路可以大幅地降低系统的成本,有助于提高图像重建的质量. 相似文献
516.
Cui Xingfu Li Hongbing Hu Ying Liang Hong Qi Li 《应用地球物理》2007,4(2):94-100
When topography and low velocity zone differences vary greatly, conventional vertical static time shifts will cause wavefield distortion and influence wave equation seismic imaging for seismic data acquired on a complex near surface. In this paper, we propose an approach to datum correction that combines a joint tomography inversion with wavefield continuation to solve the static problem for seismic data on rugged acquisition topography. First, the near surface model is obtained by refracted wave tomography inversion. Second, the wavefield of sources and receivers are continued downward and upward to accomplish datum correction starting from a flat surface and locating the datum above topography. Based on the reciprocal theorem, Huygens' and Fresnel principles, the location of sources and receivers, and regarding the recorded data on the surface as a secondary emission, the sources and receivers are upward-continued to the datum above topography respectively. Thus, the datum correction using joint tomography inversion and wavefield continuation with the condition of a complex near surface is accomplished. 相似文献
517.
潜蚀作用导致岩溶塌陷地质灾害的实例分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
淳安县某村于2005年2月初发生民房墙体开裂、地面裂缝、砼路面层与路基脱开、施工缝拉裂等地质灾害现象。从破坏特征看,该灾害应属于地面沉降,但却不具备发育通常概念“地面沉降”的地质环境条件。文章根据灾害区附近灰岩溶洞较发育、表部松散层厚度较大等条件,认为灾害由地下水潜蚀作用引起,并试图恢复其作用机制。指出如不加以治理,可能造成灾难。 相似文献
518.
519.
吴堡矿区赋存着丰富的煤炭资源,但开采技术条件较复杂,其中水文地质条件复杂是影响煤炭开采的主要不利开采技术条件。本文依据横沟井田勘探资料,较全面地分析了井田水文地质条件,并着重评价了井田矿井充水因素。认为黄河水对横沟井田煤炭开采无影响;奥灰承压水对山西组煤层开采在正常地段不会造成危害,对太原组煤层开采有很大的威胁。并提出太原组煤层能否开采利用,还需进一步作详细地质勘查研究工作。 相似文献
520.