A modified analytical method for the shipboard determination of nanomolar concentrations of orthophosphate in seawater

A method for the determination of nanomolar concentrations of orthophosphate in oligotrophic seawater developed by Liang et al. (2007) has been modified to make it fully feasible for shipboard application and for faster sample throughput with minimized sample volume. The technique is based on the flow injection method with solid phase extraction on a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge and colorimetric detector. The Schlieren effect was minimized by rinsing the cartridge sequentially with 5 mL water and 2 mL 95% ethanol solution. With three micro pumps in parallel, savings of up to 80% in amount of reagents and 25% volume of seawater samples could be achieved in comparison to the previous method. Variation of stopped flow time and sample loading time gave 3 different standard curves, which corresponded to 3 linear ranges within 3.4 and 515 nM. The modified method permits the analysis of samples over a wide range of concentrations, and has been successfully applied to shipboard determination of trace orthophosphate in more than 200 seawater samples during a one-month cruise in the South China Sea. For seawater at concentrations of 20.6, 82.5, 206.2 nM orthophosphate, the relative standard deviations (RSD) (n = 6), determined daily for 6 days on board ship were 4.45%, 4.73% and 6.75%, respectively. Five seawater samples collected in the Station SEATS (South East Asia Time Series Station at 18°N, 116°E) were analyzed using the present method both on board and in a land-based laboratory, as well as with the magnesium hydroxide-induced coprecipitation (MAGIC) method, and showed no significant difference according to the statistical t-test.     

文蛤抗癌多肽对N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶活力的影响

从文蛤体中分离纯化得到了抗癌多肽,研究该多肽对N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAGase)活力的影响,结果显示文蛤抗癌多肽对该酶有明显的抑制作用.在本文中,我们将深入地研究其抑制作用机理和抑制效应类型,结果表明:随着文蛤多肽加入量的增大,该酶活力呈指数下降,测得导致酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)为112.9 μg/cm3,该多肽对酶的抑制作用是一种可逆过程,抑制机理表现为混合型抑制类型,对游离酶(E)的抑制常数(KI)和酶-底物络合物的抑制常数(KIS)分别为77.03和697.44μg/cm3,说明文蛤抗癌多肽与游离酶的结合导致酶活力的丧失,明显的强于对酶-底物络合物的抑制效应,底物的存在对该酶被文蛤抗癌多肽抑制作用起了保护作用.     

城镇地籍测量实施方案探讨

以地籍测量为研究对象,阐述了现代地籍调查的特征,结合湖北省安陆市城镇地籍调查项目的实际工作和成功经验,对地籍调查工作进行了各个方位的理性分析,提出了现代地籍测量完善可行的工作实施方案,较好地解决了地籍调查工作中的一些实际矛盾。并对实施方案中如何提高工作效率进行了有益的探讨。     

遥感信息协同智能网格模型设计及实现

为了给普通用户提供一个自动化、智能化的遥感信息处理平台,以OGSA(Open Grid Services Architecture) 为基础,结合多智能体技术,提出了基于协同智能网格的遥感信息处理模型RSCIG(Remote Sensing Cooperative Intelligent Grid);设计了RSCIG的体系结构,详述了如何高效准确地协同现有的网格服务以完成所面临的任务;实现了一个RSCIG体系结构下的遥感信息处理原型系统.     

The application of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment investigation

Requirements for monitoring the coastal zone environment are first summarized. Then the application of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment investigation is introduced, such as the classification of coast beaches and bottom matter, target recognition, mine detection, oil spill identification and ocean color remote sensing. Finally, what is needed to follow on in application of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment is recommended.     

Analyses of the long-term salinity variability in the Bohai Sea and the northern Huanghai(Yellow) Sea

Based on the comprehensive collection of the field observed salinity of the Bohai Sea (BHS) and the northern Huanghai Sea (NHS) from the 1950s to the present,the patterns of 10-years-averaged salinity at the different layers in the recent five decades (the 1950s,the 1960s,the 1970s,the 1980s and the 1990s) are obtained by the spatial-temporal interpolation technique with the scrupulous data quality control in this study.Then,by combining the spatial-temporal interpolation technique with successive correction method,the annual distributions of salinity both in the BHS and in the NHS are obtained as well.The data analyses indicate that the overall salinity in the BHS and the NHS increases from the 1960s till the present,with the increase of annual mean salinity of 0.04 psu from the 1950s,and the maximum increase rate of salinity is about 0.14 psu/a in the Bohai Bay.The high salinity tongue extended significantly from the NHS into the BHS.The intensified eastern wind field is related to the western intrusion of the NHS warm current,which probably leads to the moving forward of the high salinity water mass into the BHS.However,it is rather different from the salinity distribution characteristics between the 1950s and the 1960s.The extensive precipitation in the 1960s could lead to an increase in the discharge of the Huanghe River,which might result in the decrease of salinity in the BHS.But the salinity isoline of 32 in the NHS still extended significantly into the BHS in the 1960s.Since the 1980s,the patterns of salinity distribution have changed thoroughly.The salinity in the central area of the BHS was low,while the salinity in the Bohai Bay and the Liaodong Bay was higher than the other regions with its horizontal salinity gradient decreasing in the 1980s.The Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis (EOF) is also conducted to study the interannual salinity variability of the BHS and the NHS.The correlation coefficient between the time coefficient series of the main mode and the Huanghe River discharge can reach -64.57%.It can be concluded that salinity variation of the BHS and the NHS has strong negative correlation with the Huanghe River discharge.     

改进型经验正交函数海洋声速剖面预报方法

鉴于深海温跃层以下往往声速值缺乏,声速剖面不完整的原因,提出一种声速剖面的预报方法:在传统经验正交函数预报法基础上,首先改进协方差矩阵的求解方法,将原始数据的空间信息和时间信息有效地融合到协方差矩阵中,通过由大量实测数据统计得出的时间函数的经验公式,得到合成剖面,将二者结合,把不完整剖面垂直向下延拓到海底,较为有效地解决了传统方法求解协方差矩阵和时间函数较粗糙的问题,给出了完整的海洋声速剖面的准确预报.实测数据检验结果表明,改进方法的预报精度比传统方法有了很大提高.     

莱州湾南岸海水入侵现状评价

根据莱州湾南岸海水入侵区地下水水质特点,将海水入侵等级划分为4级。同时,选取Cl^-,矿化度,SO4^2-,rHCO3^-/rCl^-,K^-等指标作为评价因子,并分别确定了这5项指标的等级划分范围。然后,运用模糊数学的综合评判方法,对研究区内海水入侵现状做出评价。     

概率赋范空间的有界性(英文)

研究了概率赋范空间中D-有界集被零向量邻域吸收的性质。同时对各种有界性的关系也进行了研究。     

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