磷处理粉煤灰可作农业土壤磷源

粉煤灰(简称CCP或ash)具有改良土壤,增加植物产量的功能。此外,由于它特殊的多孔结构,也可用作吸纳并承载植物养分的载体。用NaH2PO4配制成含磷0.10mol/L浓度的溶液,对采自加拿大西安大略省Sarnia地区Lambton电厂的底灰(bottomash)进行振荡浸渍处理。结果表明,振荡浸渍66h后的粉煤灰中磷含量可达784×10-6。以磷处理粉煤灰、未进行磷处理的粉煤灰和石英砂按比例混合,作为基本生长介质进行玉米种植实验,其中实验配方设计为生长介质中含磷量分别为标准含磷浓度(50×10-6)的10%、25%、50%、75%和100%。生长26、34和46d后分别与不含磷的空白配方、施加含氮-磷-钾为0-20-0标准磷肥并控制磷含量为标准浓度(50×10-6)配方进行生物产量对比。生长实验结果表明,以磷处理粉煤灰供磷的生长介质,当含磷量为标准浓度的25%至100%时,其植物生长量就比添加标准浓度磷肥的配方好。种植46d后的生物生长量统计结果显示,含磷分别为标准浓度50%、75%和100%的实验介质中,玉米杆的鲜重较施标准磷肥介质中玉米分别增长39.46%、42.73%和46.13%;玉米杆干重依次增加29.71%、13.39%和28.87%;根鲜重平均增加16.62%;根干重平均增加14.03%。上述实验结果启示,粉煤灰可以很好地吸纳承载磷养分,并持续供给植物吸收生长,如果采用吸纳磷(或其他养分)的粉煤灰改良砂质土壤将有重要意义。     

On Geodynamic Evolution of Simao Region (Southwestern Yunnan, China) during Late Paleozoic and Triassic

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅＳｉｍａｏｒｅｇｉｏｎ (ＳＷＹｕｎｎａｎ ,Ｃｈｉｎａ) ,ｓｉｔｕａｔｅｄｂｅ ｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅＡｉｌａｏｓｈａｎｂｅｌｔｉｎｔｈｅｅａｓｔａｎｄｔｈｅＬａｎｃａｎｇｊｉａｎｇｚｏｎｅｉｎｔｈｅｗｅｓｔ (Ｆｉｇ .1) ,ｉｓａｋｅｙａｒｅａｔｏｃｈｒｏｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｌｙｃｏｎｓｔｒａｉｎｌａｔｅＰａｌｅｏｚｏｉｃｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌｄｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄｔｈｕｓｏｆｐｒｉｍｅｉｎ ｔｅｒｅｓｔｗｈｅｎｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｉｎｇｔｈｅｐｌａｔｅ ｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｈｉ…     

一种在天气图上估计Q矢量的简易方法

本文论述了如何从有等压线和等温线的图上来估计 Q 矢量的方向和相对数值。这种矢量场的辐散代表了准地转ω方程中的强迫函数。某一点的 Q 矢量方向是由沿着等温线(在北半球较冷的空气在共左侧)所取的地转风矢量的变率所确定的。Q 矢量方向指向风矢量变率的右侧90°。它的强度正比于矢量风变率的数值和温度梯度的数值。文中论述了一个实际形势中的应用,并把本方法得到的结果与用温度和涡度平流的传统推断方法的结果作了比较,发现两者有普遍的一致性。文中概略绘出了地面高低压理想形势场及高空为槽脊形势下的 Q 矢量和相应垂直运动的分布,给出了对流层低层鞍形气压场和高空急流入口区的汇合锋生的例子,还提到了在锋生和锋消形势下 Q 矢量和垂直环流的型式。     

混沌、奇异吸引子和天气(二)

四、在天气和气候中吸引子的研究确定吸引子的Hausdorff-Besicovit-ch维数具有极其重要的意义。因为一个吸引子无论是否为分形,其维数表示在相应的动力学系统演变过程中出现的最少变量个数(亦即吸引子必须嵌入一个至少等于其自身维数的状态空间)。所以,吸引子的Haus-dotff-Besicovitch维数(亦或任何其它广义维数的问题)的测定,也就给出了预测系统演变的模式所必须满足的一些约束条件。如果给出动力学系统的数学表达式,那     

THE TSINAN INTRUSIVE.

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION. "One of the striking features in the Tsinan plain is a group ofisolated hillocks standing up boldly from it. Though mainly overgrown withvegetation, they are distinguishable by ther shape and dark colour from thelight-grey tabular limestone islands which for the last outposts pushedforward by the mountains lying to the south."     

EVIDENCE OF NEOTECTONIC IMPACT ON A LARGE SEDIMENTARY BASIN BETWEEN TIBETAN PLATEAU AND GOBI ALTAY,NW CHINA

The Ejina(Gaxun Nur)Basin­enclosed by the Tibetan Plateau in the south and the Gobi Altay in the north has continuously evolved as a strong continental endorheic depositional environment. Medium scale geomorphological mapping by Landsat­ and Corona­Images as well as SRTM­topographic data,combined with field­surveys and geophysical investigation provides evidence for tectonic impact on sedimentary processes during the Late Quaternary.
Analyses of SRTM­Data and Landsat­Images reveal a system of up to 20m high inverted channels developed on the inactive eastern part of the large Hei river drainage delta south of the ancient lake Juyanze. The complex evolution of these landforms requires a relative lowering of the lake basin at least two times since the last 40ka. A 26m high cliff section of gravel­covered lake sediments within the Juyanze paleolake indicates a strong subsidence of the lake bottom of 10m/1000yrs since 18kaB.P.
North of Ejina river oasis a distinct north­south striking scarp up to 13m high constitutes the eastern margin of the Gaxun Nur. Palaeodrainage channels derived from the Gobi Altay. They display a sinistral offset of some decametres along a set of WE­trending faults. The rhombic shape of the modern dry Gaxun Nur,fossil cliffs,well preserved beach ridges along the margins of the palaeolake system as well as gravel covered topsets of lacustrine sediments indicate local displacements of morphological features. The displacements of lake sediments at the southern margin of the modern Gaxun Nur Basin imply a subsidence of at least 0.81m/1000 yrs since 25kaB.P.as a result of a pull­apart development due to the left stepping faults in a sinistral system.     

Spatial Distribution and Longitudinal Variation of Clay Minerals in the Central Indian Basin

Grain size and clay mineral distribution up to 45 cm depth in the silty clay sediments from 26 box cores from 10° to 16° S along four longitudes (73.5°–76.5°E) were studied for understanding spatial variability in the Central Indian Basin (CIB). It was observed that the average sand content in the basin is 3.8%, which decreases systematically and longitudinally to 0.3% towards south. The average illite and chlorite major clay mineral abundance also decrease southwards along the four longitudes from 10°S, and show the limit of influence of the Ganges- Brahmaputra river’s supply up to 10° S. However, the average clay content increases from west to east in the basin, and southwards along 73.5°E and either side of the 76.5°E fracture zone (FZ), which strongly suggests the possibility of clay supply due to circulation of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) from the south through the FZ. The distribution of four clay minerals along 73° and 76.5° E FZ in the CIB shows dissimilar trends of increase and decrease, and indicate a mix environment in the basin. This study indicates that the FZ in the CIB has an important role in controlling the distribution of clay minerals.