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141.
Ionospheric electron density observed by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC over the European region and validated by ionosonde data 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Andrzej Krankowski Irina Zakharenkova Anna Krypiak-Gregorczyk Irk I. Shagimuratov Pawel Wielgosz 《Journal of Geodesy》2011,85(12):949-964
This research is motivated by the recent IGS Ionosphere Working Group recommendation issued at the IGS 2010 Workshop held
in Newcastle, UK. This recommendation encourages studies on the evaluation of the application of COSMIC radio occultation
profiles for additional IGS global ionosphere map (GIM) validation. This is because the reliability of GIMs is crucial to
many geodetic applications. On the other hand, radio occultation using GPS signals has been proven to be a promising technique
to retrieve accurate profiles of the ionospheric electron density with high vertical resolution on a global scale. However,
systematic validation work is still needed before using this powerful technique for sounding the ionosphere on a routine basis.
In this paper, we analyze the properties of the ionospheric electron density profiling retrieved from COSMIC radio occultation
measurements. A comparison of radio occultation data with ground-based measurements indicates that COSMIC profiles are usually
in good agreement with ionosonde profiles, both in the F2 layer peak electron density and the bottom side of the profiles.
For this comparison, ionograms recorded by European ionospheric stations (DIAS network) in 2008 were used. 相似文献
142.
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144.
Wojciech W. Grabowski Joanna Slawinska Hanna Pawlowska Andrzej A. Wyszogrodzki 《Acta Geophysica》2011,59(6):1184-1204
This paper presents application of the EULAG model combined with a sophisticated double-moment warm-rain microphysics scheme to the model intercomparison case based on RICO (Rain in Cumulus over Ocean) field observations. As the simulations progress, the cloud field gradually deepens and a relatively sharp temperature and moisture inversions develop in the lower troposphere. Two contrasting aerosol environments are considered, referred to as pristine and polluted, together with two contrasting subgridscale mixing scenarios, the homogeneous and the extremely inhomogeneous mixing. Pristine and polluted environments feature mean cloud droplet concentrations around 40 and 150 mg?1, respectively, and large differences in the rain characteristics. Various measures are used to contrast evolution of macroscopic cloud field characteristics, such as the mean cloud fraction, the mean cloud width, or the height of the center of mass of the cloud field, among others. Macroscopic characteristics appear similar regardless of the aerosol characteristics or the homogeneity of the subgrid-scale mixing. 相似文献
145.
In this work, the GOCE satellite orbit is described in the aspect of perturbations in the Keplerian osculating elements. The
perturbations come from the Earth and ocean tides, the gravitation of the Moon, the gravitation of the Sun, the gravitation
of planets and Pluto, and the relativity effects. These perturbations are computed for the 30-day interval with a sampling
of 2 min. To obtain the simulated orbit, the Cowell numerical integration method of 8th order is used. The first part of the
work contains the root mean square (RMS) values of aforementioned perturbations due to the specified forces. The perturbations
were compared taking into account their RMS characteristics. 相似文献
146.
Ewa Słaby Michał Śmigielski Tomasz Śmigielski Andrzej Domonik Klaus Simon Andreas Kronz 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2011,162(5):909-927
As has been demonstrated in recent years, the heterogeneities of coeval magmas can be more successfully revealed by zoned
megacrysts rather than by analysis of the whole rocks hosting them. Here, the geochemical heterogeneities of feldspar megacrysts
from the Karkonosze granite, Poland, are investigated by LA-ICP-MS. The crystals are the product of migration and growth in
regions of poorly mixed magmas. 3D-modeling of the Ba, Sr, and Rb distributions emphasizes the importance of micro-domain
growth morphologies. Two models of element behavior—a relative concentration model and a composition gradient model—provide
a potentially effective tool for tracking the mixing process on a microscale. Measured concentrations of elements of different
mobilities do not agree with what might be expected from the mixing of two end-member magmas. If mixing was the only process
occurring, linear correlations between the concentrations of any two elements should be observed; this, however, is not the
case. For combinations of any two of the three elements, modeling reveals differing non-linear correlations between concentrations.
The megacryst heterogeneities provide an insight into how mixing magmas are chaotically advected to growing crystals and the
degree of inter-magma element exchange between the magmas. 相似文献
147.
Krystian Konieczyński Andrzej Pisera Maria Aleksandra Bitner Andras Galácz 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2013,106(1):109-118
The Bathonian crinoid fauna that occurs in red nodular limestone and argillaceous limestones from the Hidas Valley, Mecsek Mts (southern Hungary) consists of three isocrinid and six cyrtocrinid species. Isocrinids are represented by Balanocrinus inornatus (d’Orbigny), B. berchteni Hess and Pugin and Balanocrinus sp. Cyrtocrinids are represented by Phyllocrinus stellaris Zar?czny, P. birkenmajeri G?uchowski, P. malbosianus d’Orbigny, Apsidocrinus sp., Lonchocrinus sp., and the new species Psalidocrinus hidasinus sp. nov. This last species is the earliest occurrence of the genus Psalidocrinus previously known from the Early Tithonian to Valanginian. This is the first crinoid fauna described from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of Hungary. The co-occurrence of isocrinids and cyrtocrinids indicates an environment subject to weak currents. The stratigraphical and geographical distribution of the identified cyrtocrinid genera and species suggests a Tethyan origin and subsequent migration to the northern Tethyan shelf. 相似文献
148.
149.
Jacek Andrzej Urbanski 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(7):723-730
This paper advocates the use of GIS for the evaluation of the vulnerability of coastal waters and presents a method for mapping their vulnerability to algal blooms. The method incorporates probability mapping of parameters used to describe coastal waters and fuzzy sets. To allow the modelling of processes where some components cannot substitute for other components the 'no trade off' convex combination formula is proposed. The maps of vulnerability for the Gulf of Gdansk, which were created using this method, may be used to find out which rivers and water discharges play a dominant role in eutrophication. 相似文献
150.
Jacek Grabowski János Haas Emö Márton Andrzej Pszczółkowski 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2010,54(1):1-26
Jurassic-Cretaceous sediments of Transdanubian Range in Northern Hungary mostly retain their primary magnetizations and are
suitable for detailed bio- and magnetostratigraphic studies. The Lókút section, 13 m in thickness, is localized in the central
part of the Transdanubian Range. It contains the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary in pelagic carbonate facies. Although the colour
of the rocks changes from reddish-pinkish in the bottom to almost white at the top of the section, magnetite was identified
as a magnetic carrier without evidence of hematite. Integrated bio- and magnetostratigraphical investigations resulted in
construction of chronostratigraphical scheme. The section, embraces magnetozones from M21r to M18r, of upper Lower Tithonian
(Parastomiosphaera malmica Zone) to Lower Berriasian age (Calpionella alpina Subzone). Sedimentation rate of pelagic limestones
increased from 1–3 m/My during Tithonian to 5–7 m/My during Berriasian. The sedimentation rate and its changes up the section
are comparable to those from the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary sections of Trento plateau (Southern Alps, Italy) — sedimentary
environments of Trento plateau and central Transdanubian Range in that time might be similar. Sedimentation rate within Umbrian
Apennine basins and Križna unit in the Western Tatra Mts. seems significantly higher. Analysis of rock magnetic parameters
reveals that detrital input was much lower into the Lókút section than into Križna basin in the Tatra Mts. (Zliechov trough).
Increase of sedimentation rate occurs in both sections in the Upper Tithonian — Lower Berriasian. It coincides with the onset
of calpionellid limestone facies and is related to increased productivity of calcareous micro- and nannoplankton. Detailed
correlation of both sections basing on rock magnetic parameters and susceptibility changes is, however, not possible. They
are dependent mostly on the local sedimentary conditions (Bakony Mts. — deep water plateau; Križna unit — deep water trough)
and correlation with any “global” paleoenvironmental (climatic, eustatic) trends is not straightforward. 相似文献