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51.
Sources of dissolved REE in mountainous streams draining granitic rocks, Sierras Pampeanas (Córdoba, Argentina) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. Gabriela García Karina L. Lecomte Andrea I. Pasquini Stella M. Formica Pedro J. Depetris 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2007,71(22):5355-5368
Stream waters draining granitic terrains from the highest part (850 to 2200 m a.s.l.) of Sierras Pampeanas (Córdoba, Argentina, ∼32°S, ∼65°W) were sampled in order to define sources and distribution of dissolved rare earth elements (REE), and to describe the geochemical processes that govern their mobility. The contribution of the regional granite to the dissolved REE pool in stream water is limited due to the physical conditions predominating in the area (i.e., steep slopes and semiarid climate). Therefore, precipitation is considered a seasonally significant source controlling REE concentration in stream water. Dissolved REE concentrations are inversely correlated with monthly precipitation and rainfall frequency. During the rainy season (i.e., the austral summer) REE concentrations in stream water are lower than during the dry season (i.e., austral winter). Such low concentrations reflect the balance between the REE input from precipitation and their removal by adsorption. In contrast, during the dry season, the longer residence time of water within fractures and colluvium determines an increased REE concentration in the base flow. Lower pH values also contribute to raise REE concentration through desorption from mineral surfaces. 相似文献
52.
Late Pleistocene–Holocene environments in Valle Carbajal, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ana María Borromei Andrea Coronato Mirta Quattrocchio Jorge Rabassa Silvia Grill Claudio Roig 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2007,23(4):321-335
The authors discuss Late Pleistocene–Holocene depositional environments in one of the Fuegian Andes valleys on the basis of palynological, geomorphological, and sedimentological analyses from two sites located near the Beagle Channel. The results obtained at these localities reinforce and refine the Late Pleistocene–Holocene climatic pattern previously recorded there. A colder period, associated with the Younger Dryas stadial event, is suggested by low Nothofagus pollen frequency, and communities of grass, low scrub, and shrub heath expanded into the low/middle slopes (10,310 14C yr BP). By ca. 9500 14C yr BP, warmer and drier conditions occurred, as evidenced by the development of open-grown vegetation in the valley floors (pollen zone O-3), followed by the expansion of open Nothofagus woodland (pollen zone O-2) in the middle Holocene. The milder climate subsequently changed, as indicated by the spreading of the closed forest and mire (pollen zone O-1), to more humid and cooler conditions during the last ca. 5000 yr BP. 相似文献
53.
54.
We propose a new formal definition of discovery for a Solar System object. It is based on an objective and mathematically
rigorous algorithm to assess when a set of observations is enough to constitute a discovery. When this definition is satisfied,
in almost all cases the orbit is defined well enough to establish the nature of the object discovered (Main Belt vs. Near
Earth Asteroid, Trans-Neptunian vs. long period comet). The frequency of occurrence of exceptions is estimated by a set of
numerical experiments.
The availability of a non-subjective definition of discovery allows some rules to be adopted for the assignment of discovery
credit with a minimum risk of dispute. Such rules should be fair, encourage good practice by the observers and acknowledge
the contribution of the orbit computers providing the identifications and the orbits, as well as the one of all the contributing
observers. 相似文献
55.
56.
Armando Manzali Andrea De Luca Patrizia A. Caraveo 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,308(1-4):601-605
We report on our analysis of two XMM-Newton observations of the Vela pulsar performed in December 2000 (total exposure time:
96.5 ks). We succeeded in resolving the pulsar spectrum from the surrounding bright nebular emission taking advantage both
of the accurate calibration of the EPIC point spread function and of the Chandra/HRC surface brightness map of the nebula.
This made it possible to assess to pulsar spectral shape disentangling its thermal and non-thermal components. Exploiting
the photon harvest, we have also been able to perform a phase-resolved study of the pulsar emission.
相似文献
57.
David J. Ampleford Andrea Ciardi Sergey V. Lebedev Simon N. Bland Simon C. Bott Jeremy P. Chittenden Gareth N. Hall Adam Frank Eric Blackman 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,307(1-3):29-34
We present experimental data on the steady state deflection of a highly supersonic jet by a side-wind in the laboratory. The
use of a long interaction region enables internal shocks to fully cross the jet, leading to the development of significantly
more structure in the jet than in previous work with a similar setup (Lebedev et al., 2004). The ability to control the length
of the interaction region in the laboratory allows the switch between a regime representing a clumpy jet or wind and a regime
similar to a slowly varying mass loss rate. The results indicate that multiple internal oblique shocks develop in the jet
and the possible formation of a second working surface as the jet attempts to tunnel through the ambient medium. 相似文献
58.
All the confirmed Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters have been observed with the EPIC instrument on the XMM–Newton satellite. We review
the results obtained in these observations, providing the most accurate spectra on the persistent X-ray emission in the 1–10
keV range for these objects, and discuss them in the context of the magnetar interpretation.
相似文献
59.
60.
Gudrun Massmann Jürgen Sültenfuß Uwe Dünnbier Andrea Knappe Thomas Taute Asaf Pekdeger 《水文研究》2008,22(6):788-801
Berlin relies on induced bank filtration from a broad‐scale, lake‐type surface water system. Because the surface water contains treated sewage, wastewater residues are present in surface water and groundwater. Multiple environmental tracers, including tritium and helium isotopes (3H, 3He, 4He), stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) and a number of persistent sewage indicators, such as chloride, boron and a selection of pharmaceutical residues (phenazone‐type analgesics and their metabolites, carbamazepine and anthropogenic gadolinium, Gdexcess), were used to estimate travel times from the surface water to individual production and observation wells at two sites. The study revealed a strong vertical age stratification throughout the upper aquifer, with travel times varying from a few months to several decades in greater depth. Whereas the shallow bank filtrate is characterized by the reflection of the time‐variant tracer input concentrations and young 3H/3He ages, the deeper, older bank filtrate displays no tracer seasonality, 3H/3He ages of a few years to decades and strongly deviating concentrations of several pharmaceutical residues, reflecting concentrations of the source surface water over time. The phenazone‐type pharmaceuticals persist in the aquatic environments for decades. Bank filtration in Berlin is only possible at the sandy lakeshores. In greater water depth, impermeable lacustrine sapropels inhibit infiltration. The young bank filtrate originates from the nearest shore, whereas the older bank filtrate infiltrates at more distant shores. This paper illustrates the importance of using multiple tracer methods, capable of resolving a broad range of residence times, to gain a comprehensive understanding of time‐scales and infiltration characteristics in a bank filtration system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献