南海夏季风暴发过程的低频特征

应用1979～1996年共18a的NOAA卫星OLR资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析850hPa风场资料,分析了夏季南海地区及南海季风暴发过程的某些低频特征。认为北半球夏季南海地区的低频活动较活跃,并且具有明显的年际变化,这种年际变化同南海季风的暴发时间有联系。南海地区的低频振荡在南海季风暴发后增强。通过对18a 及K*的时段叠加合成图的分析,发现南海夏季风的暴发同赤道印度洋低频振荡的东传及西太平洋低频扰动西传有密切联系,南海夏季风暴发期间南海地区将印度洋与西太平洋之间的低频活动联系在一起。     

Model Test Study of Dynamic Ice Force on Compliant Conical Structures

To study ice-induced vibration of a compliant conical structure,a series of model tests were performed from 2004 to 2005.In the tests,the ice sheet before the compliant conical structure was found to fail in two-time breaking.From 2005 to 2006,this type of ice failure was studied through more groups of tests.The tests show that two-time breaking is the typical failure of ice before steep conical structures,and is controlled by other factors at the same time,such as ice speed and the angle of the cone.     

Environmentally associated spatial changes of a macrozoobenthic community in the Saemangeum tidal flat,Korea

Estuarine tidal flats are both ecologically and economically important, hence developing methods to reliably measure ecosystem health is essential. Because benthic fauna play a central role in the food web of tidal flats, in this study we set out to quantitatively describe the intertidal zonation of macro-invertebrates and their associations with specific environmental parameters along three transects in the Saemangeum tidal flat, Korea. The abundance and biomass of intertidal fauna with respect to five environmental parameters (i.e., shore level, mud content, coarse sand content, water content, and organic content) were measured, to identify environmental factors that influence macrofaunal distribution in intertidal soft bottom habitats. A total of 75 species were identified, with dominant species showing distinct zones of distribution along all transects. The number of species recorded in each transect was found to be dependent on sediment characteristics and salinity. Cluster analysis classified the entire study area into three faunal assemblages (i.e., location groups), which were delineated by characteristic species, including (A) ‘Periserrula–Macrophthalmus’, (B) ‘Umbonium–Meretrix’, and (C) ‘Prionospio–Potamocorbula’. Four environmental variables (i.e., shore level, water content, mud content, and organic content) appeared to determine factors that distinguished the three faunal assemblages, based on the discriminant analysis. The faunal assemblage types of the sampled locations were accurately predicted from environmental variables in two discriminant functions, with a prediction accuracy of 98%. It should be noted that the zonation of benthos in the lower section (C) of Sandong had been affected by the construction of a nearby dike, while this parameter had remained essentially unchanged at the other two location groups (A–B). Overall, the zonation of benthos from the Saemangeum tidal flat was explained adequately by the measured environmental variables, implying that faunal assemblages are closely associated with certain combinations of abiotic factors. The identification of such reliable associations may facilitate the development of statistical models to predict faunal distributions based on environmental variables at both local and regional scales. The entire study area was embanked in 2006 (one year after this study), and an integrated plan was set into force to develop claimed land into industrial, residential and agricultural districts, which also included a partial restoration program of the tidal flats located near to the study area.     

地球内核顶部300 km速度和衰减各向异性的区域变化

衰减结构是地球内核的重要性质,它可以与地球内核的速度结构结合,对内核的形成和演化机制提供更全面的信息.本文系统收集了1991年到2014年全球、区域和临时地震台网的PKPDF和PKPBC数据,研究了澳大利亚、非洲和太平洋中部下方内核顶部300 km的速度和衰减各向异性结构.速度结果表明,澳大利亚下方内核的速度没有明显的各向异性,但是非洲和太平洋中部下方的内核具有明显的各向异性,且非洲的速度各向异性强于太平洋中部.同时,相对于AK135模型,澳大利亚的平均速度快0.5%,而非洲和太平洋中部的平均速度与参考模型没有明显差异.对于内核的衰减结构,我们得到以下结果：1）在东西方向,内核顶部200 km左右的区域,澳大利亚的衰减最强（Q值在400左右）,非洲和太平洋中部的Q值分别在600和500左右.2）澳大利亚下方的内核衰减没有明显的各向异性,非洲和太平洋中部下方的内核衰减存在明显的各向异性.此外,内核在非洲地区的衰减各向异性强于太平洋中部的各向异性.3）最后,内核中三个区域的速度和衰减具有良好的相关性,即高/低速对应于高/低衰减.考虑到以上结果以及三个区域的位置,我们认为内核顶部的速度和衰减结构都存在区域变化,而不是简单的半球变化.这种区域变化很可能是由于核幔边界热结构的不均一性和内核耦合,使得内核顶部的不同区域在形成过程中受不同的变形影响,从而形成铁晶体不同的生长和排列,引发了不同的各向异性特征.

     

中原经济区范围界定研究

建设中原经济区,促进中原崛起,是促进我国经济持续发展和区域协调发展的战略选择,是落实中央促进中部地区崛起规划的重大举措,是加快转变经济发展方式的积极实践。依据中原城市群综合影响力、中心城市综合影响力,通过中心城市的选取、指标体系的构建,利用断裂点理论和Arcgis空间运算的方法界定中原经济区的范围。     

蒙甘新相邻(北山)地区金铜矿床时空分布特征及成矿作用

文章首次对蒙甘新相邻(北山)地区各类金、铜和铜—镍矿床(点)地质特征、成因类型和空间分布特点进行了系统总结，论证了金、铜和铜—镍成矿作用与古生代岩浆活动的关系，对区域地壳演化过程中金、铜和铜—镍成矿的动力学机制进行了深入讨论。研究结果表明，该区的金矿床(点)大体可划分为变质岩型、火山岩型、斑岩型和深成侵入岩型；铜矿床(点)有斑岩型、夕卡岩型和铜—镍硫化物型。金和铜矿床(点)大都沿古板块汇聚带分布，与海西期火成岩具密切的时空分布关系，它们是古板块对接碰撞期和碰撞期后大规模构造—岩浆活动的产物。     

特征级高分辨率遥感图像快速自动配准

随着遥感图像分辨率的日益提高,遥感图像的尺寸和数据量也不断地增大,同时随着遥感应用的发展,对图像配准的性能也提出越来越高的要求,基于此,提出一种特征级高分辨率遥感图像快速自动配准方法。首先,对图像进行Haar小波变换,基于小波变换后的近似图像进行配准以提高配准速度;其次,根据不同的遥感图像来源使用不同的特征提取方法(光学图像使用Canny边缘提取算子,SAR图像使用Ratio Of Averages算子),并将线特征转化为点特征;然后,依据特征点间最小角与次小角的角度之比小于某一阈值来确定初始匹配点对;最后,利用改进的随机抽样一致性算法滤除错误匹配点对,并结合分块思想均匀选取匹配点对计算仿射变换参数,进一步提高配准精度。为了验证本文方法的有效性,选择高分辨率World View-2图像、Pleiades图像和Terra SAR图像进行了实验,并与典型的SIFT算法、SURF算法进行比较分析,采用匹配率、匹配效率、均方根误差和时间消耗4个定量评价指标来客观评价算法的配准性能。实验结果表明,本文方法具有较好的有效性,且在不同的情况下具有较高的配准精度。本文提出的特征级高分辨率遥感图像快速自动配准方法,多组高分辨率遥感图像数据的配准实验结果表明该方法能快速实现并具有较高的配准精度和较好的鲁棒性。     

2011年3月24日缅甸孟帕亚M7.2级地震地震构造浅析

本文简要论述了2011年3月24日缅甸孟帕亚M7.2级地震的发震构造,孟帕亚断裂的活动特征、活动时代,以及断裂与历史地震活动的关系.     

沥青质傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT IR)分析及其在有机地球化学研究中的应用

沥青质傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT－IR）分析可以反映出其分子结构上的特征，红外吸收因子Z[I(1380cm^-1)/I(720cm^-1）]能指示不同来源沥青质的母质类型；吸收因子Y[I(1600cm^-1)/I(1450cm^-1)]可以较好地讨论沥青质的成熟度演化状况；沥青质的红外研究认为，所有的沥青质都具有较好的再生烃潜力，其中Ⅲ型母质来源的沥青质具有较好的再生气潜力。而Ⅰ和Ⅱ型母质来源的沥青质具有高的再生油潜力。     

1950—2000年中国地磁测量地磁图与地磁研究

为纪念“３９１２”建队三十周年,本文回顾了１９５０－２０００年中国地磁测量和地磁图,回顾了“３９１２”任务的光辉业绩,阐述了“３９１２”任务的学术意义和应用价值。